...help blacks in this period. The Civil Rights act of 1875 prohibited segregation in public facilities and various government amendments gave African-Americans even more guaranteed rights. Even with this government the newly named “freedmen” were still discriminated against by most people and, ironically, they were soon to be restricted and segregated once again under government rulings in important court cases of the era. Reconstruction was intended to give African-Americans the chance for a new and better life. Many of them stayed with their old masters after being freed, while others left in search of opportunity through education as well as land ownership. However this was not exactly an easy task. There were many things standing in their way, primarily white supremacists and the laws and restrictions they placed upon African-Americans. Beginning with the 'black codes' established by President Johnson's reconstruction plan, blacks were required to have a curfew as well as carry identification. Labor contracts established under Johnson's Reconstruction even bound the 'freedmen' to their respective plantations. A few years later, another set of laws known as the “Jim Crow” laws directly undermined the status of blacks by placing unfair restrictions on everything from voting rights all the way to the segregation of water fountains. Besides these restrictions, the blacks had to deal with the Democratic Party whose northern section even condemned racial equality. As a result of democratic...
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...Taking things away from people never seems to stop them from obtaining the object they want. The 18th amendment, passed in the 1920s, only proves how relentless people are. The 18th amendment created prohibition, or the act of making alcohol illegal. However, since alcohol was everywhere, this amendment did nothing but increase organized crime and consumption of alcohol. Because of the historic events shown, I disagree with Earl Rochester when he states that people who want to drink need to have a license to do so. The idea of an alcohol license is quite insane. In a way people already have a license for alcohol: the driver’s license. Driver’s license are used to show ages and birthdays to the person selling the alcoholic beverages. People...
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...NAME: RAZZ ACIZ CRN: PAD 700-05 TOPIC: ALCOHOL SERVICE AT BARS MUST STOP BY 4:00AM IN NEW YORK STATE. Alcoholic beverages regulation in the United States emerged from the standards established in the United Kingdom. It all started with the regulation of prices to prevent inflation, down to the aspects of managing consumption and labor discipline. Such pattern continued to be the focus of regulations within the United States from the Fifteenth century to early twentieth century regulations on saloons, which are often seen as meeting centers for labor unions. Back then was the belief that drinking and entertainment were an obvious impediment to a longer, more regular working week and the intensification of work required by industrialization. These regulations were not established to prohibit consumption of alcohol so much as to regulate the conditions of its use. It was not until the midnight of January 16, 1920, that the Prohibition Act came into effect. The whole of United States went dry; breweries, distilleries, and saloons were forced to shut down. The temperance movements had triumphed by linking Prohibition to a variety of Progressive era social causes. Among the reformers were industrialists, such as Henry Ford, who were concerned about the impact of drinking on labor productivity and many women reformers who were concerned about alcohol's link to wife beating and child abuse. Proponents of Prohibition claimed that without alcohol...
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...Regulations Stifle Business Owners Smoking Preference Smoking related issues has become a very controversial topic. Some people may agree that cigarette smoking should be regulated while others may think that it is an individual’s choice to smoke wherever or whenever they want to. This makes smoking cigarettes an arguable topic. United States (U.S.) legislators, state governments, and local authorities have been increasingly restricting where consumers can smoke. Legislation has been further limiting smoking in public places which is causing businesses to lose customers. While it is plausible to control smoking in some industries, business owners of strictly adult only enterprises should be allowed to decide whether smoking or nonsmoking preferences help their business to be profitable. Lawmakers that have banned widespread smoking in communities may not understand the economic impact on businesses that depend solely on adult patrons. For many years, there were no regulations against smoking tobacco products. This allowed the tobacco industry to cash in on the profitable commodity. Smoking became a status symbol. “From the beginning of the 20th century, society[->0] considered smoking fashionable and a status symbol” (Zilli). However, by the 1990s, “The World Health Organization (WHO), seeing smoking as the most preventable cause of ill health worldwide, edged in 1994 a little closer to its objective of a smoke-free world” ("Tobacco"). Arguments that support smoking bans include...
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...Prohibition, or “the prevention by law of the manufacture and sale of alcohol, especially in the US between 1920 and 1933” was not a new concept in the 1920’s. Prohibition gained it’s roots in the temperance movement from the 19th century but these efforts culminated in the ratification of the constitution by way of the 18th amendment. This amendment fostered a huge clash in the 1920s between those who favored Prohibition and those who wished to repeal it. Furthermore as we see in (Source J) there was more to prohibition then just the banning of alcohol. Many people felt that there was also an attempt by the W.C.T.U. to try and ban tobacco (Document A). Of course there were many that were strongly against the 18th amendment. They argued that it was an antiquated set of morals that was to blame for the plague of Prohibition. Due to the progression of the country and it’s development of new ideals many thought that the old moral values had become outdated but it was much more than that. Prohibition was simply one nail in the coffin of what many people perceived as the death of liberty. Many thought that liberty and freedom were dead (Source J) and that the the restrictions destroyed freedom and fostered the development of others defining the self. As expressed in document A the ideal of the self seemed to be decided by so many outside factors. It seems as though that politics, advertisements, religion and legal constraints began to develop a persons identity for them. Though prohibition...
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...Reconstruction was America's first big issue dealing with democracy. DuBois argues that racism was used to justify economic oppression. The reconstruction of America was a fail due to equality, restrictions, and government. Many events took place during reconstruction in the 18th and 19th century, which has caused a fail to America. Reconstruction was the time period following the Civil war in The United States of America. In 1865, Presidential reconstruction came about. Congress had established the Freedmen’s Bureau. This was used in order to assist former slaves in the upcoming to freedom.( 13th amendment) The ten point percent plan that was made by Lincoln was shortly changed after his assassination in 1865. Lincoln’s assassination gave Radical Republicans in Congress the power they needed in order to implement their plan for reconstruction. Andrew Johnson later became president. He ordered for Freedmen’s Bureau to return all confiscated lands to their original owners where he had then approved new state constitutions. Later, in 1868 the 14th amendment was ratified. It addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws....
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...Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Background • June 7, 1892, Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in “White” section of the East Louisiana Railroad • Considered black despite of his light complexion • He was “creole”- black person w/ background of French, Spanish & Caribbean • Violated 13th & 14th amendment Decision • The precedent that “separate” facilities for blacks & whites were constitutional as long as they were “equal” • This satisfies the 14th amendment • Facilities were always inferior to whites( restrooms, theaters, public schools) Chapter 3: Industrialization, Workers, & New Immigration Industrial Revolution • 18th and 19th century • Major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport & technology • Marks turning point in human...
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...The Second Amendment (Amendment II) to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Constitution that protects the right to keep and bear arms by its citizens. It was adopted on December 15, 1791, along with the rest of the Bill of Rights. The right to bear arms predates the Bill of Rights; the Second Amendment was based partially on the right to bear arms in English common-law, and was influenced by the English Bill of Rights of 1689. This right was described as an auxiliary right, supporting the natural rights of self-defense, resistance to oppression, and the civic duty to act in concert in defense of the state. Academic inquiry into the purpose, scope, and effect of the amendment has been controversial and subject to numerous interpretations both by constitutional scholars and ordinary citizens. America has a long history of its citizens keeping and bearing arms. The earliest settlers from Virginia thru New England used their firearms to hunt for game to feed their families and protect them from attack from both two and four legged predators. Firearms in essence, changed the culture of guns in the Americas. Gun control is another of those pesky freedoms granted by the countries forefathers in the attempt to protect the citizenry from a tyrannical ruling government. Our founding fathers have provided many quotes regarding why they adopted the Second Amendment Here are but a few of them: (Guncite.Com) "A free people ought to be armed." - George Washington ...
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...University Freedom of the press is the right to publish newspapers, magazines, and other printed matter without governmental restriction and subject only to the laws of libel, obscenity, sedition, etc. (Dictionary.com, 2013). Freedom of the press gives the right to circulate opinions in print or on broadcasted radio and television, without censorship by the government. Americans enjoy freedom of the press under the First Amendment to the Constitution. Though we have this right as Americans, we should not abuse it. This paper is an analysis of the problem that we face in our current society in America. I will discuss the history of Freedom of the Press, along with the abuse that we face today from politics to social media. In the United States we pride ourselves on the rights we have. We are the freest country in the world, but with that comes a huge responsibility. Many Americans abuse the free rights others worked so hard to accomplish. Freedom of the Press is just one of those hard-earned rights. Back in the early 18th century, there was a time when newspapers just printed material that was similar to books, pamphlets, and posters. Most of the information in the newspaper from the colonies was reprints of other publications, stories of local interest, literature, advertisements, and opinions (Illinois Press Association Guide to First Amendment and Illinois Access Laws, 1995) Then, the Stamp Act of 1756 came about and the printers of those colonial newspapers became publishers...
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...in the early 1940s almost everyone dug wells. He noted that his father and mother would walk several miles to Songsong Village to fetch pails of water from a dug-up well that had supplied the entire village before European contact, as well as during the Spanish, German, and Japanese occupations. He described it as “fresh,” “cold,” and “sweet.” He again lamented, “Oh, how I miss those days.” Uncle Ben’s recollections raise concerns regarding the future of freshwater in the CNMI and groundwater use and management in particular. Almost four decades after the CNMI adopted its Constitution, it still does not recognize or protect traditional and customary Chamorro rights and practices specific to groundwater. As the CNMI proposes an amendment to its blood quantum requirement, it should consider more stringent protections for its groundwater so...
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...VANESSA We all know what alcohol is: the stuff that people of all ages love and savor. The refreshing ice cold beer that empowers us after a long day at work and the Hennessy that we all go to the party for. But plot twist: in 1919, the infamous 18th Amendment stole our liquor. The manufacturing, selling, importing, and exporting of the so called “toxic” liquors was banned. SHAJNEEN This ban, known as prohibition, is a result of men over drinking and overspending, causing trouble for their wives. Prohibition does stop some husbands from going home drunk every day but the money they wasted on alcohol continues to be wasted. You would expect their new savings to be spent on clothes and babies, but instead, it is largely wasted in speakeasies,...
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...effect and included the Bill of Rights that provides us with our freedoms. Each of these amendments is very important to the way we live in today’s society and play an important role in our lives. The Constitution and the Bill of Rights is the foundation for our country and the Amendments it includes gives our citizens their individual rights. The Constitution is what separates us from any other country. Certain Amendments were able to pave the way for all groups of individuals to have equal rights. The Constitution is a living document and was created that way to keep growing and changing to evolve with the American people. Our founding fathers understood that times would change the United States would grow and have different issues then our forefathers had. Because they understood this when they created the Constitution of the United States which included article V. Article V of the United States Constitution states that whenever two thirds of both houses decides an amendment is necessary they can propose it. A proposed amendment becomes part of the Constitution after it is ratified by three fourths of the 50 states. An amendment means a change, addition, correction or alteration to the current Constitution. The reason our Constitution has amendments is because our country is constantly being change. Without amendment would be stuck to the same rules and regulations as our forefathers. Amendments were made to the Constitution in order to improve it. The Constitution was created by...
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...United States History 2 Final Review Guide Part I: Multiple Choice Chapter 20 ● Results of the Treaty of Versailles: - The Treaty of Versailles was signed after WWI in the palace of Versailles on June 28, 1919. Its goals were to "clean up the mess" after the war. The Treaty reestablished many boundaries and borders. Colonies, namely Germany's, were split among the Allied nations. Germany was disarmed since they were considered to be a threat by the rest of the world. Germany was also forced to take full responsibility for WWI, and were charged billions of dollars, which destroyed their economy. In the long run, the Treaty did more harm than good. Due to all the problems the Treaty caused for Germany, the country was left in a bad mood and was definitely looking at the rest of the world with a vengeful eye. In a way, it could be said that the Treaty of Versailles indirectly led to WWII. ● Explain the policy of Imperialism: - Simply put, imperialism is the quest for colonial empires. Countries go to other places in the world and claim them as their own. Countries imperialized for many reasons. Some countries wanted to establish military bases. An example of this is Hawaii, which the United States took over and used as a naval base. Other reasons countries imperialized were to gain global prestige, as well as to expand their territory. ● President Wilson's rules for peace after WWI: - After the war, President Woodrow Wilson sought to repair...
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...in preindustrial societies. The exchange of wives by their husbands was a practice among many primitive peoples. In the ancient Middle East and India temples maintained large numbers of prostitutes. Sexual intercourse with them was believed to facilitate communion with the gods. In ancient Greece prostitution flourished on all levels of society. Prostitutes of the lowest level worked in licensed brothels and were required to wear distinctive clothing as a badge of their vocation. Prostitutes of a higher level usually were skilled dancers and singers. Those of the highest level, the hetaerae, kept salons where politicians met, and they often attained power and influence. In ancient Rome prostitution was common despite severe legal restrictions. Female slaves, captured abroad by the Roman legions, were impressed into urban brothels or exploited by owners in the households they served. The Roman authorities attempted to limit the spread of slave prostitution and often resorted to harsh measures. Brothel inmates, called meretrices, were forced to register with the government for life, to wear garish blond wigs and other distinctive raiment, to forfeit all civil rights, and to pay a heavy tax. In the Middle Ages the Christian church, which valued chastity, attempted to convert or rehabilitate individual prostitutes but refrained from campaigning against the institution itself. In so doing the church followed the teaching of St. Augustine, who held that the elimination of prostitution...
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...over the decision to repeal the Eighteenth Amendment, other factors played a part – most importantly the simple fact that prohibition didn’t work. In the early 1920s and throughout the 1930s America suffered through a period of economic decline, and because of this, the government in particular, was in need of funds to fuel its weakening economy. Taxation on alcohol would contribute towards the resources for relief, and prevent higher taxes in other areas of business which would only compound the situation. Each year the government was missing out on a sum of around $500 million which would be brought in by a tax on alcohol, and would significantly help America during the crisis. As well as this, an end to prohibition would eliminate the costs required to enforce it – an extra expenditure the government could not afford at this time. Economically, an end to prohibition would help strengthen the unstable situation in America: ending unproductive government spending as well as bringing new money into the system. Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment would also meet social demands brought about by the crisis. Those facing hard times wanted to drink, and wanted an end to the law to allow them to do so more easily; thus the Great Depression added to the support for social groups already campaigning for its repeal. Both the economic and social effects of the Depression make it an important reason for the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment, a concept supported by historian Joseph...
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