...defined as symbiotic relationship between nurses, doctors, paraprofessionals, patients, and insurance companies. This multifaceted symbiotic relationship has each involved party complementing and enhancing the other for reasons that often independent of each other. Nurses often act as the intermediaries between doctors and the families of patients, while also servicing patients to insure a return to health along with being held accountable to the facilities who employ them. Nursing, meets the generally accepted definition of a profession based on the above listed standards: Although there is no overall consensus as to what constitutes the proper attributes of a profession, the following characteristics are commonly noted: a unique body of knowledge, altruistic service to society, a code of ethics, significant education and socialization, and autonomy in practice, i.e. reasonable independence in decision-making about practice and control of the work situation and conditions. While it could be argued that nursing meets many of these criteria, it is clear that it does not now and never did have autonomy, understood as the ability to control its own work – a major characteristic of a profession. (Liaschenko & Peter, 2004) Sweeping federal laws have recently been passed that offer universal health care of citizens of the United States on a scale that has never been attempted before. The bill expressly excludes coverage for individuals who are in the United States illegally...
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...The profession of professional nursing has made many changes in the past half century and is expected to make many more by the middle of the twenty first century. These changes range from more technically challenging work both in and outside of the hospital, increasingly more complex patients, the need for critical thinking skills and the explosion of technology related to healthcare. Educational emphasis has evolved since the mid 20th century and will become increasingly more vital as the profession moves to the future. With all these changes in nursing the basics are still there; patient centered care, empathy, providing Maslow’s basic needs. During the Second World War the practice of nursing changed (Morgan, 1998). Nurses were no longer confined to the hospital, “they were really at the patient’s bedside, making their own choices based on their own clinical judgment and dealing with the consequences. They were discovering that’s what nursing is all about” (Morgan, 1998). Health care priorities also moved from the health of the community to the health and well being of the individual (Klainberg, 2010). Post Second World War also saw the ability of global travel. Air travel expanded and traveling from continent to continent in a day was becoming more feasible. With that comes the risk of spreading infectious diseases more easily. With that, fortunately, the discoveries of new and more effective antibiotics were taking off in the healthcare system. (Klainberg, 2010)...
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...Introduction: In this essay, the author’s aim is to examine the tort of negligence, the component parts of negligence in more detail, the landmark case law that acted as a catalyst for the change in the standard of care in Ireland. In the 20th century, the remarkable development of the modern tort of negligence originated on the neighbour principle in Donoghue v Stevenson in 1932. Thereby, a number of elements have been recognised in order to provide the tort of negligence. These include the duty of care, the breach of duty, damages and close casual connection between the parties. Eventually the question of whether a duty of care exists in any given relationship is related to the neighbour principle and is a question to be determined by the...
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... |Answers | |What were the major developments in the |The major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century are radio, | |evolution of mass media during the 20th |cinema, television, Internet, books, newspaper, computer, and telephone. The radio has | |century? |evolved into a global phenomenon that introduced the world to vinyl record to the compact | | |disc with a way to get the news in the early 1900s. Cinema has come a long way from the | | |early 1900s being in black and white to color and being in 2-D and 3-D. Television has | | |changed from being small and bulky using an antennae to being flat-screen with High | | |Definition and 3-D. Newspapers were invented to spread the news of the world within a | | |certain timeframe. Newspaper have evolved into a multi-million dollar business with the | | |help of better printing resources and the demand in the early 20th century of needing to | | |know the news. Books were a major development because people were allowed to use their | | |imagination...
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...University of Phoenix Material Effects of Mass Media Worksheet Write brief 250-to 300-word answers to each of the following: Questions | Answers | What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century? | There are many major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century. Some of them are able to turn on your TV at any time of the day and see music videos, watch the news, and even see movies. Another one would be turning on the radio and hear music at any time you wanted. You could see anything from documentaries, fashion, models, and much more. Celebrities are able to gain publicity by just advertising something on TV, and most of their fans would buy the product. It also helps in their ratings in the music videos. It has impacted all over the world in a sense that people cannot live without it any more. Every day, children, teens, and even adults turn on their TV to see what is going on. If not at their home, some buses, medical offices, all over Manhattan, and even trains have TV’s to inform, entertain, and even educate people. Radio stations have also become very popular and growing rapidly. There are so many different types of songs in the FM station. You also have the AM where inform people about the news and traffic around your area. The development of mass media has been developing rapidly and continues expanding because of new and more advanced technologies. It is amazing how the years pass and with it the different...
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...Survey of Major Writers of the 20th English Survey: Writers of the Twentieth Century In Two Soldiers, William Faulkner tries to highlight the relationship between a rural town and the United States as a whole during the Second World War. The story is told through an eight year old boy whose brother decides to join the army following an attack by an enemy. My sweet old etcetera on the other hand is a poem depicting various aspects of war. Despite the fact that both the story and the poem refer to the same topic, their views about war are exceptionally different. Views of War My sweet old Etcetera is a brilliant poem mainly because it manages to pass its message across. It is pertinent to note that the poem pays close attention to the little understanding that the people left at home understand about the war. It also demonstrates the actual view of the war from an actual soldier’s point of view. The poem starts by a revelation of how the soldier’s aunt perceived the whole idea of war. Apparently, Aunt Lucy took her time to prepare the soldier for the reality of what it meant to be in the army during war. It is, therefore, extremely clear that the aunt understood the risks involved in the war, which means that she appreciated the significance of the sacrifice made by the soldiers. In addition to that, the poem highlights the contribution of the soldier’s sister. This means that she appreciated the fact that the soldiers needed protective clothing. This demonstrates her passion...
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...Modernism During the 20th century a communications revolution that introduced motion pictures, radio, and television brought the world into view—and eventually into the living room. The new forms of communication competed with books as sources of amusement and enlightenment. New forms of communication and new modes of transportation made American society increasingly mobile and familiar with many more regions of the country. Literary voices from even the remotest corners could reach a national audience. At the same time, American writers—particularly writers of fiction—began to influence world literature. The 20th century saw the emergence of modernism. Modernism responded to the world’s complexity by asserting that the individual had the potential to achieve a broader perspective than that offered by any one society or its history. Although realism, naturalism, and regionalism were still viable modes of expression, they reflected the increasingly complex reality of 20th-century society. Immigration and industrialization led to increasing urbanization, and, in turn, to class stratification. Theme: Some writers examined the sometimes complex psychology of America’s elite, other writers turned to the psychological and physical reality of the laboring classes, whose ranks continued to swell with high rates of immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Several American authors who are sometimes known as social realists looked at working conditions, often for the...
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...21/09/2013 – Home Work – Githendra Weerasinghe Question 1 – How does 20th century trends/changes effect careers? Careers change over time, the trends and characteristic of a certain career during the 19th century would be completely different to the same careers characteristic in the 20th century. This is because careers just like life forms evolve through time. Be it new programs or systems being introduced or automation of certain aspects of a career. Careers are constantly changing to improve and to become more efficient over time, so that the least and easiest amount of work can be put in to obtain a certain outcome. Human beings are finding better and more efficient ways to make their work easier and to obtain the best results out of the least amount of work needed. Therefore certain trends or changes have affected careers in the 20th century. Some of these trends and the effects on careers are listed below. Welfare state, and many countries adopting full employment policies – With this change in policy employees were given full time employment and majority of the people were able to have a secure and stable job. This provided families with stable incomes and most people were able to plan ahead knowing that they had a secure job and could rely on that job for providing them with a regular income. Organisations and companies becoming larger and more prominent as a known entity – This boom in the size of certain companies and the fact that these companies were...
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.... Is it ever possible to call art everyday objects? One soup can, may be really boring but is it possible 100 of them being an actual piece of art having an incredible value? Can it be possibly believed that Homer Simpson is in the world wide history of art? "Everything is beautiful. Pop is everything." Everything is allowed in Pop Art. Abstract Expressionism held sway for fifteen years. But in the early sixties, a group of artists occurred. They were much more different from all other artists since their subjects were Coke bottles, beer and soup cans, comic strip characters and hamburgers. Having to do with so common things mostly everyone has and being so popular objects their movement was labeled Pop Art. Pop Art is basically a 20th century art movement that utilized the imagery and techniques of consumerism and popular culture. It was really easy of it to develop since by the mid to late 1950s the economic and social climate was changing enormously, and so it was really easy for new generation of painters to interest society. Pop Art developed in the United States and in Britain mostly. In the United States the artists were responding to the nation’s consumer society well as in Britain the style had a more nostalgic flavour. The main difference in my opinion of British Pop art and American Pop art is that in the first we have an overtone of melancholy which was not been shared yet in the second. Andy Warhol One of the most significant and influential artists...
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...Texts in Time Texts embody paradigms corresponding to their social, economic and historical contexts. The capacity of thematic concepts to transcend time is manifest within Mary Shelley’s 19th century gothic novel Frankenstein (1818) and Ridley Scott’s science fiction film Blade Runner (1992) as both pose similar existentialist discourses regarding the fate of humanity. As a Romanticist, Shelley condemns humanity’s intrusive assumption as creator. Similarly, Scott responds to Shelley warning by also spurning man’s ruthless ambition. However, the film’s 20th century context of capitalist greed and mass industrialisation shifts the criticism onto the pursuit of commercial dominance. Both texts employ techniques such as allusions and characterisation to depict similar dystopian visions ensuing from man’s dereliction of nature. Composed during the Industrial Revolution and radical scientific experimentation, Shelley typifies the Romantic Movement as she forebodes her enlightened society of playing God. Her warning permeates through the character of Victor, whose self-aggrandising diction “many excellent natures would owe their being to me” represents a society engrossed with reanimation. Shelley moreover questions the morality her microcosm’s pursuit of omnipotence through Victor’s retrospection “lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit”, as the juxtaposition of “all” and “one” emphasises Victor’s cavernous obsession to conquer death; akin to scientists of her time...
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...Contemporary Confucianism REL 133 March 11, 2014 Confucianism The system of thought known as Confucianism has its roots in the teachings of the Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived over twenty-five hundred years ago. Confucius devised a set of guidelines for individual moral development and for creating a harmonious, orderly society. During the early twentieth century, Confucianism lost its dominance in the political and educational systems of China. Throughout the modern era, the moral teachings that form the heart of Confucianism have continued to shape the attitudes and behaviors of millions of people worldwide.(Coogan, 1998) The contemporary issues can be understood by examining the common characteristics of Confucianism and other eastern religions, analyzing the interactions between the modern world and Confucianism, and studying how those interactions influence Confucianism and the modern world. Common Characteristics Among Eastern Religions Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism are three religions that make up the essence of traditional, Chinese culture. While all three religions have differences, the religions also share fundamental elements such as purpose, principle, and teachings that have created a strong and long lasting way of life for the Chinese culture. When comparing religions a person can deduce that all religions have a purpose and follow a specific set of rules, guidelines, and traditions. The vessel that leads each individual to their ultimate purpose...
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...Smart weapons 1. Should UCAV drones be considered a type of killer robot of the sort Lokhorst and van den Hoven discuss? I do not believe that UCAV drones should be considered a killer robot because while they can be used to kill, they are an instrument designed by humans to do a job. 2. Is UAV technology for military applications subject to the same concerns about technology and violence that Arendt raises for the technologies of the late 20th century? No, because the technology of the 21st century has become more advanced and should be held to a higher standard than it used to be. 3. Are Kaag and Kreps correct to say that the introduction of military UAV’s finally allows us to meaningfully consider how to wage a just war? Yes, because before many decisions were made in the heat of the moment and now we are able to step back and decide if it is really a morally or just way to wage that war. 4. Does use of UCAV’s by one nation increase the security for that nation? The use of UCAV’s do not increase the security for that nation because if a country has many technological advances other countries will consider them a larger threat than an underdeveloped nation. 5. Does use of UCAV’s by one nation improve the quality of life for anyone? No, because the country the UCAV is being used against has to live in fear of being killed and being thrown under a blanket term like ‘contingency threats’, while the country using the UCAV are now considered a...
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...Women of today: How far have we come? Amaris Guillen Com/155 University Composition and Communication I 09/09/2012 Cheryl Eniero Women of today: How far have we come? In this century, women’s lives have drastically changed. Women of today have gained equal rights, social freedom, and are now financially independent individuals that have more responsibilities than just raising children and maintaining their households. Women of the twenty-first century now make up almost half of the United States workforce (The Harried Life of the Working Mother, 2009). Whereas, women of the twentieth century, had little or no rights, and accounted for only 18% of the United States workforce (Professional Women: Vital Statistics, 2010). For the first time, women of the twenty-first century are independent individuals who determine the shape of their own lives. A typical woman in the twentieth century was expected to devote their lives to their families, and maintain their household’s daily chores. Although their entire lives were devoted to housework and children their daily labor was much harder than what women of today endure. Simply because of no advanced technology in this time period, carrying out daily chores took much time and effort, whereas women of today have the ability to complete more tasks because of the technology available to them. Many women of the twentieth century married at a young age had many children, and relied...
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...The Deadlock Problem Law passed by the Kansas Legislature in early 20th century: “When two trains approach each other at a crossing, both shall come to a full stop and neither shall start upon again until the other has gone.” Neil Groundwater has the following to say about working with Unix at Bell Labs in 1972: ... the terminals on the development machine were in a common room ... when one wanted to use the line printer. There was no spooling or lockout. pr myfile > /dev/lp was how you sent your listing to the printer. If two users sent output to the printer at the same time, their outputs were interspersed. Whoever shouted. “line printer!” first owned the queue. 1 Deadlock or Deadly Embrace Permanent blocking of a set of processes that either compete for system resources or communicate with each other – Several processes may compete for a finite set of resources – Processes request resources and if a resource is not available, enter a wait state – Requested resources may be held by other waiting processes – Require divine intervention to get out of this problem A significant problem in real systems, because there is no efficient solution in the general case Deadlock problem is more important because of increasing use of multiprocessing systems (like real-time, life support, vehicle monitoring, multicore utilization, grid processing) Important in answering the question about the completion of a process Deadlocks can occur with – Serially reusable...
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...What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century? In the 15th century oral traditions passed on by poets, teachers, and tribal storytellers. It was not until the alphabet and written words were developed that the era of the written culture began. This brought on he era of printing where publications of books made their way onto the market. Thus brought us the first major development was the telegraph. The gradual transformation from an industrial, print based society to one grounded in the Information Age began the development of the telegraph in the 1840’s. It made four key contributions to communication. Firstly, the telegraph along with the mass-marketed newspapers is what transformed “information into a commodity, a ‘thing’ that could be bought or sold irrespective of its uses or meaning.” Secondly, the telegraph allowed messages to be sent instantly by using dash dot electronic signals. Thirdly, the telegraph was a main source of communication for the military, business, and political leaders to coordinate commercial and military operations. Finally, the telegraph led to the radio, the fax machine, and cell phone. This eventually led to the ironic demise of the telegraph in 2006 when Western Union sent out their last telegraph message. The electronic boom really hit us in the 1950’s and 1960’s when we had he arrival of television; this had a huge impact on everyday life. At the end of the century, following the development of television...
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