...companies. 3G technologies ushered in the era of smart-phones and they have been the driving factor of many of the advances in wireless technologies today. As smart-phones and wireless technologies improve technologically savvy consumers are demanding more and more from wireless companies. Today, there are two wireless standards; 3G and 4G. 4G Wireless Networks When you look at 3G and 4G wireless networks you can compare and contrast them in four areas: service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perceptions. “Compare and contrast 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in terms of services and applications” Applications are the primary reason consumers use smart-phones today. They get hooked on the convenience the applications bring to their lives. 3G is the first wireless network to provide these capabilities for consumers. For the first time they were able to have a video call with a family member on the go, they were able to stream movies and video, and even able to video conference on the go with the office. 4G picked up where 3G left off, it provided the capability to access information at the same speeds that you could on your computer at home. Consumers are now playing video games on the go, watching live sports events and high definition television on the go. Technically 4G is a new iteration of 3G technologies, but carriers chose to call it 4G as a marketing advantage to get consumers to switch companies. “Compare and contrast 3G wireless...
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...4G Wireless Networks Compare and contrast 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in terms of: 3G and 4G wireless networks can be compared and contrasted by four areas of capabilities: Service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perception. “Some examples of services offered by 3G wireless networks are CDMA2000 (also known as IMT MultiCarrier (IMTMC), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and EDGE as well as a long list of others while 4G offer Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax2) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE- Advance).” (Jamia Yant, 2012, April 26) 3G applications allows users the ability to stream video and audio, video conferencing as well as other multi-media applications within a mobile environment. 4G applications on the other hand offer gaming services, amended mobile web access, high definition mobile television, video conferencing, IP telephony and 3D television. The architecture between 3G and 4G are very different,3G mobile network uses a Wide Area Cell Based network with a circuit-switched subsystem and “3G networks rely on large satellite connections that are connected to telecommunications towers”. (Turban, E. and Volonino, L, 2011) 3G allows users to make calls or open the internet, through signals which are sent to 3G tower antennas or cell sites. The data travels from the cell site to a central switching office by a wire-fiber optic network. The central switching office then connects...
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...Migration from 2G to 3G - Options: Evolution of Mobile Technologies: The Migration Path This is a brief overview of what has been already done and possible expected migration path of mobile operators. At the 2G phase, there were three major dominant systems in market: a) GSM operating in 900, 1800 and 1900MHz band, b) TDMA operating in 800MHz, 1900MHz and 850MHz (North America), and c) CDMA (IS-95) operating in 1900 and 800MHz band. 2G systems offered enhanced voice services and improved capacity to its customers. With the growing demand in mobile services and the need to connect corporate networks for data communications, an intermediate generation (2.5G) of technologies were developed: GPRS and EDGE (both in the GSM family), and cdma2000 1X-RTT. While migrating from 2G to 2.5G, operators made decisions based on their future planning and business interests targeting third generation (3G) networks. From 2G to 2.5G, GSM operators migrated to GPRS and EDGE systems with some of the TDMA operators also migrating to GSM/GPRS systems (see figure 1). Among them * Vodafone is the largest player with a global foot print in offering GSM/GPRS ser-vices. * Prominent TDMA operators in the United States include AT&T Wireless and Cingular Wireless. * Another major operator includes T-Mobile-USA, offering GSM/GPRS services. * In India, Bharti Cellular (AirTel), IDEA Cellular, Hutchison are some of the GPRS operators whose GPRS networks are in commercial...
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...Executive Summary Telecoms market of China is full of opportunities and challenges in 2010. After 3G licenses are issued, where are three big telecom providers going? All kinds of small amounts of electricity and comprehensive popularization of 3G cards will agitate the spark of splendid market in China. This article will discuss the development especially three main carriers first. And then review the developing process of China inclining to technological development and marketing development. After that there will be a forecast for Chinese telecoms industry. Executive Summary 1 Introduction 1 China telecoms industry development and three main carriers 2 Market and Technological Growth 4 China telecoms industry and Market Performance forecast 5 References 6 Introduction “According to IDC's statistics, the shipments of mobile phone manufacturers is 317.5 million in the second quarter, with a growth of 14.5% comparing with the second quarter of 2009's 277.2 million units”(Boyce 2010). This represents the second consecutive quarter of digit growth for mobile phone devices, which represents continued rapid growth in the global market for mobile phone. In recent years China has actively communications of infrastructure plan in 2010. According to the fourth season investigation, China has replaced the United States as a most populous country of the world broadband subscribers. The number achieves 83 million households compared with 80 million subscribers in the...
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...Introduction In the timeline of mobile phone technology, 3G technology will always be tied to the introduction of the smart-phone; but as our mobile phones evolve so does our technology. Our society is a demanding one and for the technologically savvy those demands are in the form of mobility, connectivity and faster mobile technology. 1. Compare and Contrast 3G Wireless Networks to 4G Networks in terms of : Service and Applications In today’s services and applications, the 3G wireless networks offer CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE plus other technologies in the list, while 4G networks offer Wimax2, LTE-Advance and HSPA+. Both of 3G and 4G are standards for mobile communications, primarily the 3G networks are designed for voice communications while the 4G networks are designed especially for data transmission rather than voice and it offers faster access to data in mobile phones. For example, 3G is a preferred for mobile phone games, especially those which contain graphics and animation, but for streaming videos, the 4G works better with less stuttering and a higher resolution. Similarly, video conferencing, IP telephony and even 3D television work better with faster data transmission offered by 4G. Network Architecture Essentially, the 3G network is defined as Wide Area Cell Based network with a circuit switched fall-back which it relies on large satellite connections allow connection to many different telecommunication towers. While the 4G networks are based on integration...
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...4G Wireless Network | Compare and Contrast 3G Wireless Networks to 4G Networks 3G networks allow people to have high speed access to data and voice services, they are essentially a high-speed mobile Internet, that can offer speeds of up to 3.1 megabits per second (Mbps) or more. This speed is around the same speeds offered by earlier sellers of cable modems. However, depending on where you are and how many users there are, the actual speed of 3G networks will fluctuate. Even though 3G is still more commonly used, the recently introduced 4G networks have quickly become the standard for wireless communication. The 4G networks are 4-10 times faster than 3G protocols and are ideal for watching streaming videos or movies, and offer more security, unlike a Wi-Fi connection. We can compare and contrast 3G wireless networks and 4G networks in four areas: service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perceptions. The following standards are typically branded 3G: CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE. Whereas 4G wireless is the term used to describe the fourth-generation of wireless service such as WiMax and LTE. Although 4G is a step up from 3G, the limited coverage that is the present 4G market keeps 3G as the frontrunner in wireless protocols being used by the public. While all 4G service is called "4G," the underlying technology is different. Sprint, for example, uses WiMax technology for its 4G network, while Verizon Wireless uses a technology called Long Term...
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...com/comparing-2g-and-3g-technology-under.html 2. http://www.slideshare.net/hemanthcrpatna/project-report-on-brand-preference-of-mobile-phones-with-special-reference-to-motorola-phones(questionnaire)]’ 3. http://www.scribd.com/doc/2021570/Questionnaire-regarding-mobile-phone-usage 4. http://www.forbes.com/2006/08/12/microsoft-ibm-mobiledevices-cx_dh_0814smallbizresource.html-Six Mobile Innovations That Will Change Your Life 5. http://blogs.hbr.org/innovations-in-health-care/2011/03/david-aylward-the-mobile-phone.html -How mobiles can transform healthcare. 6. http://www.scalado.com/display/en/Innovations- innovations in camera technology. 7. http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Nokia-Mobiles---Style-And-Innovation-At-Your-Fingertips/2262004#ixzz26RafI3YL 8. http://techcrunch.com/2012/05/01/samsung-is-the-new-king-of-mobile/ Top of Form Receive news by e-mail [pic] Bottom of Form Menu • Home • What Is 2G Technology? • Comparing 2G And 3G Technology • How 2G Technology Works? • 2G Technology Capacity • New Developments In 2G Technologies • Disadvantages Of 2G Technologies • Advantages Of 2G Technology • Supporting 3G Networks With 2G Technologies • About Us [pic] http://www.2gprod.com/comparing-2g-and-3g-technology-under.html Comparing 2G And 3G Technology The prime focus of this page is comparing 2g and 3g technology and to understand...
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...CIS 500 4G Wireless Networks In telecommunications fourth generation (4G) represents the latest stage in the evolution of wireless data technologies. It is the successor to third generation (3G). A 4G system provides mobile ultra-broadband internet access to smartphones and other mobile devices. 4G mobile network standards enable faster data transfer rates than 3G. 4G has significant implications for the cloud. More and more businesses are migrating to Software-as- a-Service (SaaS) model. SaaS is a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the internet 4G provides faster service to the applications while on the move. The data input for 3G is up to 3.1 with an average speed range between 0.5 to 1.5. The data input for 4G is 2 to 12 megabits per second (Mbps), but has a potential estimated at a range of 100 to 300 MBPS. 3G has a peak upload rate of 5Mbps compared to 4G 500 Mbps. The network architecture for 3G is wide area cell based. The network architecture for 4G is an integration of wireless local area network (LAN) and wide area. The service and applications for 3G are CDMA 2000, UMTS, and EDGE. The service and applications for 4G are Wimax2 and LTE-Advance. 4G network enables users to freely roam across different communication systems, so the user conception 4G is that they can avoid dropped calls, roaming charges and dead spaces with the 4G network...
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...4G Wireless Networks 3G and 4G networks were introduced through Telecommunication companies who provides the actual services. According to the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), 3G is known as the IMT 2000, which is a family of radio interfaces which evolved from previous generations to facilitate wider range of services and advanced network capacity. (“3G N & S”) 3G is the third incarnation of a line of wireless technologies. (“Comparison”) It offers various features including fast data transmission, advanced multimedia capabilities, and global roaming. 4G is the fourth generation of wireless communications currently being developed for high speed broadband mobile capabilities. (“What’s”) 4G is the latest incarnation in the line, and it offers even more features such as true multitasking, and even faster data transfer rates. (“Comparison”) ITU (International Telecommunications Union) includes the following technologies for 3G EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution), CDMA 2000 (Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems), DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications), and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). (“3G N& S”) The ITU (International Telecommunications Union industry identifies the following technologies for 4G: 3GPP LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution), UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and Flash-OFDM...
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...SEMENAR TOPIC 3G&4G TECHNOLOGY [pic] SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY R.V.S.Nagar, chittoor - 517127 Presented by: ASLAM BASHA. S, 07781A0407. Abstract: T his paper provides an insight into 4G technology. 4G is the next generation of wireless networks. 4G is a conceptual framework for a discussion point to address future needs of a universal high speed wireless network that will interface with wire line backbone network seamlessly. 4G technology provides the download speed for mobile internet connections. It provides motivation for 4G researches before 3G has not been deployed. It is impossible to predict technology developments and the evolution of latest at present. In wireless communication, mobile technology is advanced and in this system 4G is the latest at present. One of the key objectives is to follow an evolutionary path from the current 3G technologies to 4G. So that it can interoperate with the existing mobile systems by using advanced system integration technologies. Generations of evolution of 4G are cleared explained. 4G is an evolutionary path for advancing the 3G mobile technology. 4G is also represents the hope and ideas of a group of researchers. Culture and customer needs. 4G in principle will allow high-quality smooth video transmission. ...
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...for change, how change effects organisations, the behavioural responses to change and the support that Human Resources (HR) can provide during these changes. 3G is a communications company focused on bringing the benefits of the internet to the mobile telephone. The 3G network is built for data and future-proofed for 4G technologies. The organisation has invested billions of pounds developing and expanding the network which means 3G can connect more people to the internet in more places, whilst increasing the capacity to meet the ever-growing demand for data. The main customers are consumer based, with over 90% of them choosing smartphones, were they are increasingly opting for all-you-can-eat data plans. These plans give the customers the freedom to get the most out of their smartphone, without fear of how much it will cost. 3G aim to be here to help customers discover all the benefits of the mobile internet. They do this by having a network designed for data, and by inspiring people to explore new things, 3G aim to take away any barriers that prevent the customers embracing it. The organisation has also worked hard to make it easier for customers to manage their accounts and their interactions with 3G, by providing unique services that are made possible by the network and the mobile internet access it provides. 3G strives to challenge and change the mobile industry for the benefit of consumers. In line with the company plan to grow the customer base and reduce costs,...
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...(1G) Vodafone analog phone which launched in 1985() to what is now known as the smart phones (3G and above). After the creation of the cellular devices, people who owned these devices were considered to be one of wealth. In today society, the cell phone has become a new toy. Today’s cell phone, it is what one would consider a hand held computer. These cellular devices can store data, send data, have virtual conference calls and other amenities like never before. With the creation of the 3G, 4G and the 4G, LTE, the speed, space and performance of the cellular devices has become the marketing tool for devices. In 2001, the 3rd generational Partnership Project (3G) network was introduced in Japan by NTT DOCOMO under the brand name of FOMA (freedom of Multimedia Access). The 3G network that is known today by Verizon customers is one of which that has been adopted globally. The CDMA2000 EV-DO is the latest version of the 3G network. The creation of the 3G network has created a multifaceted avenue upon which uploads, downloads are faster than the ordinary computer. A report created by Qualcomm stated that, “Handheld mobile Internet access is very popular in emerging markets because handsets are much more prevalent than PC (Qualcomm 2009)”. People are now able to access the internet and its contents by the touch of a button on their cellphone as compared to finding a lap top or desk top. 3G devices can be used on the go while in a vehicle, at work, or on public transportation. Smart...
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... 1.1 Background “3G, short for third Generation, is the third generation of mobile telecommunications technology” (Geneva, 2002). 3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information transfer rate of at least 200 kbit/s. Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smart phones and mobile modems in laptop computers. “3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV. This is a set of standards used for mobile devices and mobile telecommunication use services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV” (Smith and Collins, 2000). 3G technology is the result of research and development work carried out by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the early 1980s. 3G specifications and standards were developed in fifteen years. The technical specifications were made available to the public under the name IMT-2000. “The communication spectrum between 400 MHz to 3 GHz was allocated for 3G. Both the government and communication companies approved the 3G standard” (CDG Market Trends and Facts). “The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo...
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...htm What is 3G spectrum? How does it help It's boom time for mobile phones in India [ Images ]. And people are looking forward to more information, faster data access and multimedia services through their mobile phones. 3G technology is here to turn this dream into reality. It's a technology anxiously awaited by telecom operations and subscribers in India. How long do you have to wait? Not very long! India is all set to launch 3G mobile telephone services by June 2007. According to Telecom Regulatory Authority of India chairman Nripendra Misra, a total of 32.5 MHz is available for allocation within the next 6-9 months. Trai has also recommended auctioning 200 MHz for broadband wireless access services like Wimax (worldwide interoperability for microwave access) and has proposed a national frequency management board to oversee spectrum availability and its efficient use. He hopes that the allocated spectrum would be enough for the next two years and said Trai would recommend freeing up more spectrum for those who lose out in this auction. So what is 3G spectrum all about? Read on. What is spectrum? Radio spectrum refers to a range of radio frequencies. The bandwidth of a radio signal is the difference between the upper and lower frequencies of the signal. For example, in the case of a voice signal having a minimum frequency of 200 hertz (Hz) and a maximum frequency of 3,000 Hz, the bandwidth is 2,800 Hz (3 KHz). The amount of bandwidth needed for 3G services could...
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...wireless phone market is growing rapidly and industry forecasts predict more than half the world’s population will own a cellular phone by the year 2003, a much higher penetration rate than computers. Furthermore, based in Japan, DoCoMo has the advantage over American and European counterparts, like AT&T, Sprint and Vodafone AirTouch, of being closer to the 3.3 billion person Asian market. In addition, DoCoMo is at the leading edge of technology and is expected to be the first mobile operator to launch a 3rd Generation (3G) wireless network by Spring 2001. NTT DoCoMo Background In 1959 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) entered the telephone industry in Japan with an offering of maritime telephone service. They added paging services in 1968, car telephone services in 1986, and in-flight public telephone service in 1987. In 1991 NTT established a separate company to provide wireless communication offerings, NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. This new company was then spun off by NTT in 1992, ultimately resulting in one of the biggest initial public offerings for the time in 1998, and is now 67.1% owned by NTT with the balance of shares owned by public investors. By 1993 mobile subscribers surpassed the 5 million mark, and consumer growth has been dramatic with more than 20 million subscribers as of 1998. NTT Mobile Communications Network, Inc. officially changed their name to NTT DoCoMo in April of 2000 to adopt their widely recognized brand name. DoCoMo...
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