...the capability to perform many different functions. When it comes to cell phones there are two major networks available, 3G and 4G. The "G" stands for a generation of mobile technology, installed in phones and on cellular networks. Each "G" generally requires you to get a new phone, and for networks to make expensive upgrades. The first two were analog cell phones (1G) and digital phones (2G).(Segan, 2013) Third-generation mobile networks, or 3G, came to the U.S. in 2003. With minimum consistent Internet speeds of 144Kbps, 3G was supposed to bring "mobile broadband." There are now so many varieties of 3G that a 3G connection can get you Internet speeds anywhere from 400Kbps to more than ten times that. (Segan, 2013) While most of us are used to getting high speed Internet connections at home, the office or even the local coffee shop, once we are on the road those high speeds have to stay behind. With 4G the promise is that you can get real mobile broadband to go. (Vilches, 2010) There are two fundamental aspects of LTE. The first is that the technology finally leaves behind the circuit switched network of its GSM roots and moves to an all-IP flat networking architecture. This is a significant shift which in very simple terms means that LTE will treat everything it transmits, even voice, as data. The other big change relates to the use of MIMO technology, or multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver end to improve communication performance. This setup can either...
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...3g or third generation mobile technology refers to the standards set by International Telecommunication Units (ITU). This technology allows mobile operators to offer more options to users including mobile broadband. 3G facilitates devices like mobile phones and mobile dongles to deliver broadband speed internet. Most new top of the range mobile phones are 3G enabled, making it easy to check emails and browse the web on the go. Internet use via mobile phones has been slow to take off but mobile broadband via dongles, has taken off extremely fast. Mobile broadband allows customers to browse the internet, email and download files, music and video clips from their laptops and PCs wherever there’s mobile coverage. 3G technology is made possible by two complementary technologies, HSDPA and HSUPA (high speeds downloads and upload packet access, respectively). These technologies enable mobile broadband users to access of up to 7.2 Mb downloads and uploads with speeds of up to 1.76 Mb via a mobile dongle, USB modem or data card which they plug into the USB port of their laptop or PC. 3G can offer speed up to 7.2 Mb as it uses the air waves more efficiently, than its predecessors such as 2G and GPRS which offered limited internet connectivity. The initial foundation of 3G can be traced back to 1970s when Luigi Galvani investigated the nature and effects of electrophysiology, and began experiments with muscular stimulation by electrical means. The Analog Cellular Age (1G, i...
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...Generation (2G) technology was launched in the year 1991 in Finland. It is based on the technology known as global system for mobile communication or in short we can say GSM. This technology enabled various networks to provide services like text messages, picture messages and MMS. In this technology all text messages are digitally encrypted due to which only the intended receiver receives message. These digital signals consume less battery power, so it helps in saving the battery of mobiles. The technologies used in 2G are either TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) which divides signal into different time slots or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) which allocates a special code to each user so as to communicate over a multiplex physical channel. 3G technology generally refers to the standard of accessibility and speed of mobile devices. It was first used in Japan in the year 2001. The standards of the technology were set by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). This technology enables use of various services like GPS (Global Positioning System), mobile television and video conferencing. It not only enables them to be used worldwide, but also provides with better bandwidth and increased speed. This technology is much more flexible as it can support 5 major radio technologies that operate under CDMA, TDMA and FDMA. CDMA accounts for IMT-DS (direct speed), IMT-MC (multi carrier). TDMA holds for IMT-TC (time code), IMT-SC (single carrier). This technology is also...
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...companies. 3G technologies ushered in the era of smart-phones and they have been the driving factor of many of the advances in wireless technologies today. As smart-phones and wireless technologies improve technologically savvy consumers are demanding more and more from wireless companies. Today, there are two wireless standards; 3G and 4G. 4G Wireless Networks When you look at 3G and 4G wireless networks you can compare and contrast them in four areas: service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perceptions. “Compare and contrast 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in terms of services and applications” Applications are the primary reason consumers use smart-phones today. They get hooked on the convenience the applications bring to their lives. 3G is the first wireless network to provide these capabilities for consumers. For the first time they were able to have a video call with a family member on the go, they were able to stream movies and video, and even able to video conference on the go with the office. 4G picked up where 3G left off, it provided the capability to access information at the same speeds that you could on your computer at home. Consumers are now playing video games on the go, watching live sports events and high definition television on the go. Technically 4G is a new iteration of 3G technologies, but carriers chose to call it 4G as a marketing advantage to get consumers to switch companies. “Compare and contrast 3G wireless...
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...4G Wireless Networks Compare and contrast 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in terms of: 3G and 4G wireless networks can be compared and contrasted by four areas of capabilities: Service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perception. “Some examples of services offered by 3G wireless networks are CDMA2000 (also known as IMT MultiCarrier (IMTMC), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and EDGE as well as a long list of others while 4G offer Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax2) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE- Advance).” (Jamia Yant, 2012, April 26) 3G applications allows users the ability to stream video and audio, video conferencing as well as other multi-media applications within a mobile environment. 4G applications on the other hand offer gaming services, amended mobile web access, high definition mobile television, video conferencing, IP telephony and 3D television. The architecture between 3G and 4G are very different,3G mobile network uses a Wide Area Cell Based network with a circuit-switched subsystem and “3G networks rely on large satellite connections that are connected to telecommunications towers”. (Turban, E. and Volonino, L, 2011) 3G allows users to make calls or open the internet, through signals which are sent to 3G tower antennas or cell sites. The data travels from the cell site to a central switching office by a wire-fiber optic network. The central switching office then connects...
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...Introduction In the timeline of mobile phone technology, 3G technology will always be tied to the introduction of the smart-phone; but as our mobile phones evolve so does our technology. Our society is a demanding one and for the technologically savvy those demands are in the form of mobility, connectivity and faster mobile technology. 1. Compare and Contrast 3G Wireless Networks to 4G Networks in terms of : Service and Applications In today’s services and applications, the 3G wireless networks offer CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE plus other technologies in the list, while 4G networks offer Wimax2, LTE-Advance and HSPA+. Both of 3G and 4G are standards for mobile communications, primarily the 3G networks are designed for voice communications while the 4G networks are designed especially for data transmission rather than voice and it offers faster access to data in mobile phones. For example, 3G is a preferred for mobile phone games, especially those which contain graphics and animation, but for streaming videos, the 4G works better with less stuttering and a higher resolution. Similarly, video conferencing, IP telephony and even 3D television work better with faster data transmission offered by 4G. Network Architecture Essentially, the 3G network is defined as Wide Area Cell Based network with a circuit switched fall-back which it relies on large satellite connections allow connection to many different telecommunication towers. While the 4G networks are based on integration...
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...com/comparing-2g-and-3g-technology-under.html 2. http://www.slideshare.net/hemanthcrpatna/project-report-on-brand-preference-of-mobile-phones-with-special-reference-to-motorola-phones(questionnaire)]’ 3. http://www.scribd.com/doc/2021570/Questionnaire-regarding-mobile-phone-usage 4. http://www.forbes.com/2006/08/12/microsoft-ibm-mobiledevices-cx_dh_0814smallbizresource.html-Six Mobile Innovations That Will Change Your Life 5. http://blogs.hbr.org/innovations-in-health-care/2011/03/david-aylward-the-mobile-phone.html -How mobiles can transform healthcare. 6. http://www.scalado.com/display/en/Innovations- innovations in camera technology. 7. http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Nokia-Mobiles---Style-And-Innovation-At-Your-Fingertips/2262004#ixzz26RafI3YL 8. http://techcrunch.com/2012/05/01/samsung-is-the-new-king-of-mobile/ Top of Form Receive news by e-mail [pic] Bottom of Form Menu • Home • What Is 2G Technology? • Comparing 2G And 3G Technology • How 2G Technology Works? • 2G Technology Capacity • New Developments In 2G Technologies • Disadvantages Of 2G Technologies • Advantages Of 2G Technology • Supporting 3G Networks With 2G Technologies • About Us [pic] http://www.2gprod.com/comparing-2g-and-3g-technology-under.html Comparing 2G And 3G Technology The prime focus of this page is comparing 2g and 3g technology and to understand...
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...Network | Compare and Contrast 3G Wireless Networks to 4G Networks 3G networks allow people to have high speed access to data and voice services, they are essentially a high-speed mobile Internet, that can offer speeds of up to 3.1 megabits per second (Mbps) or more. This speed is around the same speeds offered by earlier sellers of cable modems. However, depending on where you are and how many users there are, the actual speed of 3G networks will fluctuate. Even though 3G is still more commonly used, the recently introduced 4G networks have quickly become the standard for wireless communication. The 4G networks are 4-10 times faster than 3G protocols and are ideal for watching streaming videos or movies, and offer more security, unlike a Wi-Fi connection. We can compare and contrast 3G wireless networks and 4G networks in four areas: service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perceptions. The following standards are typically branded 3G: CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE. Whereas 4G wireless is the term used to describe the fourth-generation of wireless service such as WiMax and LTE. Although 4G is a step up from 3G, the limited coverage that is the present 4G market keeps 3G as the frontrunner in wireless protocols being used by the public. While all 4G service is called "4G," the underlying technology is different. Sprint, for example, uses WiMax technology for its 4G network, while Verizon Wireless uses a technology called Long Term Evolution, or...
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...Migration from 2G to 3G - Options: Evolution of Mobile Technologies: The Migration Path This is a brief overview of what has been already done and possible expected migration path of mobile operators. At the 2G phase, there were three major dominant systems in market: a) GSM operating in 900, 1800 and 1900MHz band, b) TDMA operating in 800MHz, 1900MHz and 850MHz (North America), and c) CDMA (IS-95) operating in 1900 and 800MHz band. 2G systems offered enhanced voice services and improved capacity to its customers. With the growing demand in mobile services and the need to connect corporate networks for data communications, an intermediate generation (2.5G) of technologies were developed: GPRS and EDGE (both in the GSM family), and cdma2000 1X-RTT. While migrating from 2G to 2.5G, operators made decisions based on their future planning and business interests targeting third generation (3G) networks. From 2G to 2.5G, GSM operators migrated to GPRS and EDGE systems with some of the TDMA operators also migrating to GSM/GPRS systems (see figure 1). Among them * Vodafone is the largest player with a global foot print in offering GSM/GPRS ser-vices. * Prominent TDMA operators in the United States include AT&T Wireless and Cingular Wireless. * Another major operator includes T-Mobile-USA, offering GSM/GPRS services. * In India, Bharti Cellular (AirTel), IDEA Cellular, Hutchison are some of the GPRS operators whose GPRS networks are in commercial...
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...Executive Summary Telecoms market of China is full of opportunities and challenges in 2010. After 3G licenses are issued, where are three big telecom providers going? All kinds of small amounts of electricity and comprehensive popularization of 3G cards will agitate the spark of splendid market in China. This article will discuss the development especially three main carriers first. And then review the developing process of China inclining to technological development and marketing development. After that there will be a forecast for Chinese telecoms industry. Executive Summary 1 Introduction 1 China telecoms industry development and three main carriers 2 Market and Technological Growth 4 China telecoms industry and Market Performance forecast 5 References 6 Introduction “According to IDC's statistics, the shipments of mobile phone manufacturers is 317.5 million in the second quarter, with a growth of 14.5% comparing with the second quarter of 2009's 277.2 million units”(Boyce 2010). This represents the second consecutive quarter of digit growth for mobile phone devices, which represents continued rapid growth in the global market for mobile phone. In recent years China has actively communications of infrastructure plan in 2010. According to the fourth season investigation, China has replaced the United States as a most populous country of the world broadband subscribers. The number achieves 83 million households compared with 80 million subscribers in the...
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...SEMENAR TOPIC 3G&4G TECHNOLOGY [pic] SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY R.V.S.Nagar, chittoor - 517127 Presented by: ASLAM BASHA. S, 07781A0407. Abstract: T his paper provides an insight into 4G technology. 4G is the next generation of wireless networks. 4G is a conceptual framework for a discussion point to address future needs of a universal high speed wireless network that will interface with wire line backbone network seamlessly. 4G technology provides the download speed for mobile internet connections. It provides motivation for 4G researches before 3G has not been deployed. It is impossible to predict technology developments and the evolution of latest at present. In wireless communication, mobile technology is advanced and in this system 4G is the latest at present. One of the key objectives is to follow an evolutionary path from the current 3G technologies to 4G. So that it can interoperate with the existing mobile systems by using advanced system integration technologies. Generations of evolution of 4G are cleared explained. 4G is an evolutionary path for advancing the 3G mobile technology. 4G is also represents the hope and ideas of a group of researchers. Culture and customer needs. 4G in principle will allow high-quality smooth video transmission. ...
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...CIS 500 4G Wireless Networks In telecommunications fourth generation (4G) represents the latest stage in the evolution of wireless data technologies. It is the successor to third generation (3G). A 4G system provides mobile ultra-broadband internet access to smartphones and other mobile devices. 4G mobile network standards enable faster data transfer rates than 3G. 4G has significant implications for the cloud. More and more businesses are migrating to Software-as- a-Service (SaaS) model. SaaS is a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the internet 4G provides faster service to the applications while on the move. The data input for 3G is up to 3.1 with an average speed range between 0.5 to 1.5. The data input for 4G is 2 to 12 megabits per second (Mbps), but has a potential estimated at a range of 100 to 300 MBPS. 3G has a peak upload rate of 5Mbps compared to 4G 500 Mbps. The network architecture for 3G is wide area cell based. The network architecture for 4G is an integration of wireless local area network (LAN) and wide area. The service and applications for 3G are CDMA 2000, UMTS, and EDGE. The service and applications for 4G are Wimax2 and LTE-Advance. 4G network enables users to freely roam across different communication systems, so the user conception 4G is that they can avoid dropped calls, roaming charges and dead spaces with the 4G network...
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... 1.1 Background “3G, short for third Generation, is the third generation of mobile telecommunications technology” (Geneva, 2002). 3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information transfer rate of at least 200 kbit/s. Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smart phones and mobile modems in laptop computers. “3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV. This is a set of standards used for mobile devices and mobile telecommunication use services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV” (Smith and Collins, 2000). 3G technology is the result of research and development work carried out by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the early 1980s. 3G specifications and standards were developed in fifteen years. The technical specifications were made available to the public under the name IMT-2000. “The communication spectrum between 400 MHz to 3 GHz was allocated for 3G. Both the government and communication companies approved the 3G standard” (CDG Market Trends and Facts). “The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo...
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...4G Wireless Networks 3G and 4G networks were introduced through Telecommunication companies who provides the actual services. According to the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), 3G is known as the IMT 2000, which is a family of radio interfaces which evolved from previous generations to facilitate wider range of services and advanced network capacity. (“3G N & S”) 3G is the third incarnation of a line of wireless technologies. (“Comparison”) It offers various features including fast data transmission, advanced multimedia capabilities, and global roaming. 4G is the fourth generation of wireless communications currently being developed for high speed broadband mobile capabilities. (“What’s”) 4G is the latest incarnation in the line, and it offers even more features such as true multitasking, and even faster data transfer rates. (“Comparison”) ITU (International Telecommunications Union) includes the following technologies for 3G EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution), CDMA 2000 (Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems), DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications), and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). (“3G N& S”) The ITU (International Telecommunications Union industry identifies the following technologies for 4G: 3GPP LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution), UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and Flash-OFDM...
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...(4G) wireless networks have been proclaiming faster speeds for internet connectivity than the third generation (3G) networks. However, upgrading to a 3G or 4G wireless network can be quite expensive. Nevertheless, those who find the need for speed and mobility may find that it is worth the added expense. The war is on between the two generations of networks but there is speculation as to which is truly faster and better. The following paragraphs will provide an overview of both wireless networks, and will include a contrast and compare of 3G wireless networks to 4G networks in relation to application and services, user perception, network architecture, and data throughput. The information offered will also differentiate between 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro networks based on upload and download speeds, user perceptions, backward compatibility, and service availability. The following paragraphs will also identify the competition between the 4G LTE carriers and why it has been so fierce, as well as how subscribers will benefit from this competition. When shopping for 3G and 4G wireless networks, consumers will have to comparison shop to find a service that will meet their particular needs. Today, most cell phone providers offer both 3G and 4G wireless service in conjunction with Internet service. Verizon, Sprint, and AT&T are just a few of the providers that use 3G as a standard mobile Internet service, in addition to providing 4G service. However, subscribers also need to...
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