...Assignment 1 Red Bull Female Perspective Focus Group Marketing Research Introduction: For over 26 years, Red Bull has manufactured and sold energy drinks. With over 40 billion cans consumed and sold in over 166 countries, Red Bull is currently the number one energy drink brand consumed worldwide, but as new energy drink companies emerge and the market saturates, it is important to retain a competitive edge. A report conducted by Nielsen on users of energy drinks states that a new heavy user category has been discovered; young mothers (Nielsen, 2013). In the past Red Bull has remained very neutral, appealing to both males and females with gender neutral packaging and directed marketing to the target markets of young males, students and club goers. Recently, direct competitors such as Monster and 5 hour energy have created flavours designed specifically for the female demographic. As an industry leader, it is important to evaluate possibilities, especially if they mean gaining market share. This focus group will explore the potential opportunities that this newly discovered target market may hold. Purpose of study (problem definition): The following study is an attempt to gather insight on the wants and needs of a new target market demographic (young mothers and young female energy drink consumers). Will a new female-oriented beverages be well received and potentially profitable? Specific research objectives and information/data requirements: The Goals of this...
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... showing the good performance of the different methods. Index Terms—ANN, Articial network, Short term load forecasting. Introduction During the last years the energetic markets in the world have been evolving from great monopolistic companies vertically integrated to new non-regulated systems, where competence has become an essential factor in the energetic distribution system. In the current model the resources optimization has turned into the competing companies’ economical advantage. Energy unlike the majority of products characterizes for not being storable, creating the need for the most possibly accurate demand forecasts, since that allows doing an adequate planning in the generation systems. It is possible to estimate the necessary reserves and the flow levels, in the same way it is possible to increase the energetic system’s security and generally they allow doing an adequate management of the power system. Several forecast techniques have been used in the case of short term energetic demand, among which they are included time series, Kalman filters, exponential smoothing and pattern recognition, among others. These models have obtained adequate results, but it is not possible to represent with them the complex non-lineal relation existing between the influential factors and the charge curve. The current development of the neuronal networks permits to solve this kind of problems with more accuracy and speed. The majority of the models used currently are...
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...bouzguenda@soharuni.edu.om Abstract--The interest in off-grid photovoltaic (PV) solar energy systems in villages and remote areas is increasing. This interest stems from several factors such as improvement in living standards, reduced capital cost, stricter environmental constraints, and national programs that encourage renewable energy systems. To promote the usefulness of such renewable energy systems, a simple design and cost analysis method was developed. Its purpose is system sizing and life cycle cost analysis. Key parameters such as energy consumption, storage requirements, solar resources and financing options are entered into the program. Results such as system size and project cost are computed. For the financial analysis, Internal Rate of Return and Payback Period are used as project evaluation techniques. The method was tested for four PV systems with different geographical conditions and energy consumption profiles. Results show that the PV systems can be attractive on economic basis if governments provide sufficient funding and incentives. 1. INTRODUCTION Photovoltaics offer consumers the ability to generate electricity in a clean, quiet and reliable way. Because the source of energy is usually the sun, the electricity produced by PV systems is an attractive option for many countries close to the equator and sun-belt regions for many reasons. For instance, this source of energy is emission and pollution free-a positive response to the current worldwide...
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...January 2003 • NREL/CP-550-33209 A Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plant Simulation Model Preprint H. Price To be presented at the ISES 2003: International Solar Energy Conference Hawaii Island, Hawaii March 16–18, 2003 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy Laboratory Operated by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE The submitted manuscript has been offered by an employee of the Midwest Research Institute (MRI), a contractor of the US Government under Contract No. DE-AC36-99GO10337. Accordingly, the US Government and MRI retain a nonexclusive royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation...
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...Availability and Energy Consumption Analysis of Mobile Cloud Environments Danilo Oliveira∗ , Jean Araujo∗† , Rubens Matos∗ and Paulo Maciel∗ ∗ Informatics † Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil Unit of Garanhuns, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Brazil {dmo4, jcta, rsmj, prmm}@cin.ufpe.br∗ , jean@uag.ufrpe.br† The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section II provides an overview about mobile clouds and the analytical modeling for availability evaluation. The methodology adopted is presented in detail in Section III. Section IV presents the models developed to represent a mobile cloud system. A case study is described in Section V, with the results obtained through model analysis. Section VI concludes the paper, presenting also some possible future works. II. BACKGROUND Abstract—Mobile cloud computing refers to abstraction of computational power to outside of the mobile device, processed in the “clouds”. This paper provides an availability and energy consumption study using hierarchical heterogeneous modeling. Different scenarios were analyzed considering wireless communication technologies, such as 3G and WiFi. The results shows that the 3G protocol causes a lower availability and is the greater responsible for the discharge of battery, but when is combined with WiFi protocol providing communication redundancy, we have the best results of availability and better results of uninterrupted operation time of battery...
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...Energy Saving Through Smart Home By M.VINOD KUMAR 09H71A0256 K.V.P.CHAND 10H75A0206 EEE, B-tech IV year MIC College of Technology Kanchikacherla 1 Abstract-Energy saving is considered as one of the most important issue affects the consumers, power system quality and the global environment. The high energy demanded by home appliances, air conditioning and lighting makes homes to be considered as one of the most critical area for the impact of energy consumption. Smart home technology is a good choice for people not only care about security, comfort but energy saving as well. In this paper, a smart home energy management technique based on a set of sensors is presented. It minimizes the domestic energy waste and can be adapted according to the user habits. A proposed scenario is reported of daily routine and performed by 16 steps. Three assumptions of varying the time spent in each step according to different behaviour are examined. The effectiveness of the proposed set is shown based on a static correlation between the power consumption and saving. Keywords- Energy saving, smart home, occupancy sensor. I. INTRODUCTION Smart home technology started for more than a decade to introduce the concept of device and equipment networking in house. Smart home contains internal network and intelligent control on different home's services. The internal network can be built via wire or wireless communication technique between sensors and actuators .The intelligent control means the entire...
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...Publications (E) Energy 1-1-2010 The Role of energy storage with renewable electricity generation P. Denholm E. Ela B. Kirby M. Milligan Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/renew_pubs Part of the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, Power and Energy Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Repository Citation Denholm, P.; Ela, E.; Kirby, B.; and Milligan, M., "The Role of energy storage with renewable electricity generation" (2010). Publications (E). Paper 5. http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/renew_pubs/5 This Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Energy at Digital Scholarship@UNLV. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications (E) by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact marianne.buehler@unlv.edu. The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation Paul Denholm, Erik Ela, Brendan Kirby, and Michael Milligan Technical Report NREL/TP-6A2-47187 January 2010 The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation Paul Denholm, Erik Ela, Brendan Kirby, and Michael Milligan Prepared under Task No. WER8.5005 NREL/TP-6A2-47187 January 2010 Technical Report National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance...
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...Flat Iron Energy Saver) Submitted by: Joseph Matic Mike Velar Leonardo Marvin Lopez Submitted to: Ms. Janice Viloria Abstract This study was conducted to unlock the problem regarding too much energy use of some home appliances. Flat iron is one of the most high energy consuming home appliances. Flat irons are the third most electric consuming common house appliance. The spring from the rice cooker, some outlets and tools were used and combined to make the set up. Testing the energy saver flat iron followed. Results show that it is more convenient to use the energy saver flat iron than an ordinary because it consumes less energy and as effective as unlike the ordinary one. Primarily, the study aimed to produce an energy saver flat iron. It also aimed to make a machine which is convenient and consumes less electricity. This project will help the community and individuals to avoid consuming too much energy. This will also benefit the resources around us because we can conserve and lessen the use of natural sources of energy. Table of Contents Title page ……………………………………………………………………………….… 1 Abstract ……………………………………………………………………..…………….. 2 Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………. 3 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND A. Introduction ………………………………………………………………….……. 4 B. Statement of the Problem ………………………………………………………..… 4-5 C. Significance of the Study ……………………………………………………….…. 5 D. Scope and Delimitation ………………………………………………………….… 5 CHAPTER...
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... MECHANICAL ENGINEERING OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2011 Approved By: ___________________________ (Advisor) ___________________________ ABSTRACT A finite element analysis of roof strength for Ford F250®® truck as per SAE J996 standard is performed using LS-DYNA®. A detailed finite element model was taken from NCAC (National Crash Analysis Centre) at George Washington University Virginia. NCAC is one of the prominent leaders in vehicle safety research. Efforts were taken to subject the F250 FEM (finite element model) for roll over impact study with the procedure suggested by SAE J996. After running the F250 FEM for roll over, key areas for reduced impact on the roof structure of the truck were addressed and were redesigned. Further, a detailed study is carried out to compare the results between the original F250 model with the redesigned model. A comparison chart was made to illustrate the reduced impact on the predefined nodal points on the roof...
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...C H A P T E R Operations and Productivity 1 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. The text suggests four reasons to study OM. We want to understand (1) how people organize themselves for productive enterprise, (2) how goods and services are produced, (3) what operations managers do, and (4) this costly part of our economy and most enterprises. 2. Possible responses include: Adam Smith (work specialization/ division of labor), Charles Babbage (work specialization/ division of labor), Frederick W. Taylor (scientific management), Walter Shewart (statistical sampling and quality control), Henry Ford (moving assembly line), Charles Sorensen (moving assembly line), Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (motion study), Eli Whitney (standardization). 3. See references in the answer to question 2. 4. The actual charts will differ, depending on the specific organization the student chooses to describe. The important thing is for students to recognize that all organizations require, to a greater or lesser extent, (a) the three primary functions of operations, finance/accounting, and marketing; and (b) that the emphasis or detailed breakdown of these functions is dependent on the specific competitive strategy employed by the firm. 5. The answer to this question may be similar to that for question 4. Here, however, the student should be encouraged to utilize a more detailed knowledge of a past employer and indicate on the chart additional information such as the number of persons employed to perform the...
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...INTRODUCTION Life today is so full of stress. Whether it is the urban lifestyle or rural, everyone has some form of stress. However, the rural population has some consolation of living in a green and lesser polluted environment. But the urban population has no such luck. They are, and specially the more aware and educated and the upwardly mobile executive is on the lookout for a health alternative with which he/ she would be better able to handle the daily doses of fixed stress for self and family, through usage of health products, yoga meditation, and perhaps textiles. The work environments are heavily packed with schedules, targets, meetings. The stress is ever increasing for not only people with normal health but worse for those people who are not at the best of health and have other health problems like asthma, acute stress disorders, high blood pressure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acne or psoriasis. Stress Stress is the emotional and physical strain caused by our response to pressure from the outside world. Common stress reactions include tension, irritability, inability to concentrate, and a variety of physical symptoms that include headache and a fast heartbeat. Stress is simply a fact of nature - forces from the outside world affecting the individual. The individual responds to stress in ways that affect not only the self but environment. Hence, all living creatures are in a constant interchange with their surroundings (the ecosystem)...
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...ADAPTIVE STrEET LIGHTING GUIDE DIScLAImEr This BC Hydro Adaptive Street Lighting Information Brochure (the “Brochure”) has been produced by BC Hydro for the convenience and informational purposes of only those BC Hydro customers to whom BC Hydro has provided this Brochure and is not to be provided to any other party. Any information in this Brochure that is summarized or excerpted from specific studies, articles or other sources reflect the views of the authors of such studies, articles or other sources that are cited. All other information in this Brochure reflects the views of BC Hydro after reviewing and interpreting the foregoing cited sources and other sources. BC Hydro has not conducted any of its own research or other activities to verify its own views or the views of the authors of any of the cited sources. BC Hydro does not make any representations or warranties of any kind, whether express, implied or statutory, with respect to any of the information contained in this Brochure and any user of this Brochure is advised to use the information contained herein at their own risk. BC Hydro also does not accept any liability (including, without limitation, liability for any direct, indirect, consequential or any other type of damages) arising from or relating to any use of, or reliance upon, this Brochure for any purpose. If any information relating to a particular product or manufacturer is contained in this Brochure, BC Hydro will not be deemed to have endorsed or promoted...
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...events lasting less than a minute to a single race lasting more than 2–3 hours. Despite the extreme contrast in these characteristics, all athletes share some common nutrition goals (see Table 6-1). This chapter will briefly explore these goals. Table 6-1. The athlete’s nutrition goals. Characteristic Everyday eating or training diet The athlete’s nutrition-related goals • Achieve and maintain a physique that is suited to the event • Eat to stay healthy and injury-free • Train hard and promote optimal adaptations and recovery from the training programme • Practice competition eating in training to fine tune strategies • Prepare adequate fuel stores for the event • Eat and drink well on competition day to prepare for an event and to recover between multiple events • During prolonged events (> 1 hour), replace fluid and carbohydrate to enhance performance • Achieve competition strategies when traveling • Make use of specialised sports foods to meet nutritional goals when it is impractical to eat everyday foods • Make wise decisions about the use of nutritional ergogenic aids based on cost: benefit analysis Competition eating Sports foods and dietary supplements A. The Training Diet 1. Achieving Energy Needs Energy needs vary according to body size, the energy cost of training (volume, frequency, and intensity of workouts) and requirements for growth or changes in body physique. As a result, energy needs vary not only amongst athletes, but vary between phases of the season...
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...11 GOOD ENERGY Kenan Advantage Group Pilot Study Analysis July 7, 2011 Environmentally Safe! Clean! Natural Diesel Fuel Additive! EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Test Conditions ! Pilot test by Kenan Advantage Group and 11 Good Energy from Dec. 2010 to June 2011 using a 5% G2 Diesel blend. ! The Treatment Group: ! The Control Group: 13 vehicles with 1,291 fuel stops. Received the G2 Diesel blend during the test period. 4 vehicles with 378 recorded fuel stops. Did not use the G2 Diesel blend. Key Findings ! The Treatment Group: ! The Control Group: 7.5% increase. Statistically significant: less than a 0.01% chance increase was random. 2.7% increase. Not statistically significant: within margin of error and expected range of fluctuation. ! Monthly results are consistent with the overall findings. The only significant variance noted was for the Treatment Group from the baseline to test period. All other monthly variances were within the expected range. Benefits ! Based on the study’s results, every gallon of G2 Diesel added at a 5% blend rate could replace 2.5 gallons of #2 diesel fuel that would have been required without G2 Diesel. ! Based on our results, a 5% G2 Diesel blend may decrease KAG’s annualized fuel consumption from 685,000 total gallons to 637,000 total gallons. This would result in 48,000 fewer gallons of total fuel burned, a marked reduction in carbon emissions. ! The major cost benefit of these findings is a significant reduction...
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...analysis are payback and present value. Payback determines the length of time for an investment to return its original cost (1). Using the assumptions stated below the payback of the Jiminy Nick wind turbine with a cost of about $3.3 million would return the investment in about four years time. Net present value summarizes the initial cost of an investment, the estimated annual cash flows, and expected salvage value, taking into account the time value of money (1). A NPV calculation for the scenario SED is reviewing equals $7,697,286 minus the investment costs of $3,318,000 totaling $4,379,286. The capital budgeting analysis reflects the assumptions stated in the case scenario that the initial investment cost and installation of the wind turbine is $3,900,000 and there is a grant available from the Renewable Energy Trust Fund in the amount of $582,000. A bank loan of $3,300,000 at 7.3% will be obtained leaving an $18,000 difference. The turbine will follow MACRS double-declining balance depreciation schedule for a period of five years including half-year depreciation in the first and last recovery years. Jiminy Peak has an income tax rate of 40%. The company has sufficient taxable income to benefit from any deductions and credits available, and the after-tax weighted average cost of capital of 6%. The turbine’s useful life is 25 years with no terminal disposal value. There will be $100,000 net cash inflow from extended operations and it is referring to after-tax profit, and the...
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