...development of institutions and characteristics of the business, which in return affect performance. In first part of the essay we will discuss early industrialisation and different theories of late development. After discussion will lead us to key institutions: financial markets, textile industry in relation to business group and labour market and steel industry with relationship to government intervention. In the conclusion we will discuss the current situation, highlight that there is no perfect system. There are many factors that effect economic performance and in order to be successful the changes in the world should be accommodated with the changes in institutions and organisational characteristics. The main characteristics of industrialisation are changes from agricultural to industrial economic structure, substitution of machines for human skills and replacement of home-made by purchased in stores goods. The First Industrial Revolution happened in early 18th century in textile industry in UK, they had technological means, right institutional and organisational characteristics, government encouragement, and a large and varied trade network. Britain became the world's leading industrial power, producing more than half its iron, coal and cotton cloth, with most of their raw materials sourced from the colonies. By early 19th century USA took over UK’s leading role, both of them were able to succeed due to mechanisation and large pools of skilled labour. The pioneers...
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...Professionals with advanced education and relevant experience should enjoy the best opportunities. Request More Info About This Career Job Duties Business managers assist companies in reaching goals and objectives related to sales, productivity, profitability and industry penetration, among other areas. While some business managers supervise a single department, others may direct the overall operations of privately owned businesses, publicly held corporations and non-profit institutions in a broad range of industries. Responsibilities may include supervising staff, analyzing data, planning operations and making crucial business decisions. In smaller firms, business managers may be responsible for day-to-day tasks like purchasing, hiring, training and quality control. Larger organizations often require business...
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...developed and developing countries, which explains the key institutional and organizational differences among countries in particular to some extend. Each country has fallowed different pathway and carried out their industrialization in different period. It is known that the UK is the first country that achieved early industrialization revolution, which was followed by the US. And then in the late twentieth century, Germany, Japan and China implemented their industrialization process with dramatic change on their economic performance. The purpose of this essay is to use the conception of ‘early’ and ‘late’ industrialization to explain the key institutional and organizational characteristics of national business systems by comparative perspective. First of all, the theories of industrialization will be displayed. Then this paper will concentrate on five main comparative countries, which are United States, Japan, Britain, Germany and China, to clarify major differences of national business systems. Moreover, further implications and debates upon these countries long-term national competitiveness will be given to assess the...
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...Al Qaeda and Affiliates: Historical Perspective, Global Presence, and Implications for U.S. Policy Crissy L Rogers Miller-Motte Technical College Risk Management SI200 Mr. Brian Peters 1. Rollins, J. (2011). Al Qaeda and Affiliates: Historical Perspective, Global Presence, and Implications for U.S. Policy. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center. Summary According to John Rollins, specialist in terrorism and national security, Al Qaeda today is very different than the one that was portrayed directly after the 9/11 attacks. Then, they were considered an organization of veterans of the Afghan insurgency against the Soviet Union, with their leadership made up of majority Egyptians, who not only approved attacks but were also the ones who organized them. Today, it has transformed into global network, one who has independent cells and associates in over 70 countries. Modern technologies, such as the internet, allow these cells and associates to be radicalized by those who have traveled for indoctrination and training. Their goal is to serve as a forefront for stimulating Muslims and others to join a jihadi movement, claiming that they will be helping to defend and purify Islam with violent actions. (2011) Critical Analysis Overall, Al Qaeda leaders have displayed a reasonable readiness to adapt the strategic and tactical content of their statements to changing circumstances. Although Bin Laden's self-professed goal is to stimulate, and mobilize the Islamic...
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...Professor: Daniel Goldsmith, DBA Email: Daniel.Goldsmith@strayer.edu Phone: 202-744-3467 COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides an introduction and overview of government contracting and its unique nature, demonstrating the differences between commercial and government contracting, with a concentration on the federal system. Based on online resources, students cover the organization of the Federal Acquisition Regulation and how to interpret relevant subject coverage. Current reforms in the acquisition field will be incorporated into the course and emerging controversies will be highlighted to provide students with an up-to-date view of the profession. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Required Resources Compton, P. B. (2010). Federal acquisition: Key issues and guidance. Vienna, VA: Management Concepts, Inc. Feldman, S. W., & Keyes, W. N. (2011). Government contracts in a nutshell (5th ed.). St. Paul, MN: Thomson Reuters. Supplemental Resources Brown, T. L., Potoski, M., & Van Slyke, D. M. (2009). The challenge of contracting for large complex projects: A case study of the coast guard’s Deepwater program. IBM Center for the Business of Government. Retrieved from http://www.businessofgovernment.org/sites/default/files/deepwater_magazine_0.pdf Rendon, R. G. Critical success factors in government contract management. Retrieved from http://www.ippa.org/IPPC4/Proceedings/19Others/Paper19-2.pdf Schwartz, M. (2009). Defense Acquisitions: How DOD Acquires Weapon...
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... AP/ESL 1450 R Thinking about the Contemporary Canada Mansour Safdari January 2015, Winter Outline Introduction: Ⅰ. Attention grabber: quotation back by the statistics. Ⅱ. Intro: With the progress of Canadian education, There is an increasing attention to the needs of Aboriginal children. Focusing on present-day Aboriginal education can reflect the status quo more precisely and will also bring benefits in overcoming the current obstacles for that Aboriginal students faced by native students. Ⅲ. Thesis: Through historical analysis and current situation, the paper will show that those some improvements have been made by the Canadian government, further changes are necessary to meet the requirements for the Aboriginal school-children. Body paragraph: Ⅰ. First and foremost, Along with the changes in Aboriginal education, I would like to ask “Has it improved?” And then I will start with the historical obstacles and gaps between Aboriginal children and native children. Ⅱ. Secondly, I would like to briefly show the difference between the past and present Aboriginal education and tell the readers what they are like. Like residential schools and educational system.More importantly, I would like to discuss the influences on the Aboriginal kids now. Ⅲ. Finally, I would like to demonstrate the progressions in education that the Aboriginal people has made, such as present curriculum for Aboriginal children and then from the view of status quo, I...
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...accepting applications at this time. Please check back for future updates or contact your Center Training Office. BEP is designed to provide NASA leaders with a basic knowledge of business strategy, finance and alliance management and a familiarity with NASA’s business environment. Through a combination of lecture and hands-on instruction, participants are presented fundamental business concepts and the opportunity to apply these concepts to NASA related issues. Business School Professors provide the basic principles and other speakers apply these principles to NASA and the Government environment. Extensive use of case studies, group activities and the Class Project give participants an active learning experience. Schedule for BEP Register for Courses Instructions on How to Register Who Should Attend NASA employees and managers at all levels. Greater benefit is gained when an individual attends with one or more colleagues from their work unit, or employees from different organizational units who work together on a NASA Length of Course 5.5 days. The primary instructors are faculty from the Darden Business School at the University of Virginia. They assure that the Program's material is grounded in accepted business principles and that it is academically rigorous. To adapt business school material to the government, the Darden faculty is augmented with instructors from government organizations and with case studies drawn from NASA. The Program includes a discussion of articles...
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...Discuss briefly the regiocentric and geocentric staffing approaches for international operations? Explain the relative advantages of each and the conditions under which you would choose one approach over another. Regiocentric Policy • Based on the premise of geographic or regional perspective (e.g. Europe, Asia etc.) Advantages – Facilitates more focused sensitivity to regionally local areas – Facilitates knowledge transfer between regional subsidiaries – Regional cooperation between subsidiaries Disadvantages – Relatively high risk of ‘federalism’ and loss of control – Lack of global perspective – Lack of mobility of expats between HQ and regional subsidiaries Geocentric Policy • Based on the premise of global perspective • Recruits come from anywhere in the world • PCNs, HCNs and TCNs are found in all key positions • Used at globalization stage Advantages – Global perspective helps to develop an international executive team – Overcomes ‘federation’ drawback – Wider pool of human resources through international labour-market Disadvantages – Host governments may pressurize MNC to hire more HCNs from respective nations – Increased training and relocation costs – Can cause efficient coordination problems Discuss the common causes of expatriate failure. Expatriate failure is usually defined as a posting that either ends prematurely or is considered ineffective by senior management. Most research into the matter has come to the conclusion that failure rates...
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...practice? Identify at least three trends in nursing practice from the "Nursing Timeline of Historical Events" media piece. How have these trends influenced your perspective of nursing practice? My understanding of the nursing history used to be limited to Florence Nightingale time during the Crimean war. However, after watching the slides and read other resources, I realised that nursing history go way back before Florence Nightingale. In order to understand nursing, the history must not be waved aside as a thing of the past.Nursing over many decades has made a lot of great progress. Dorothea Lynde Dix made a landmark by initiating first nursing registration.Effort of Elizabeth Mahoney for coloured nurses despite racial discrimination made positive change among coloured nurses.Midred Montag's idea about 2 year associate nursing degree gave birth to many nursing schools. All these people and many others have made a tremedous progress in nursing,from bedside nursing to nursing research. The foundation of nursing today is laid on the efforts of brave men and women who practiced and gave their best to the profession. Nursing has risen from a profession that is not respected to a highly competitive profession. Despite many changes and trends in nursing, nursing has remained a profession whose primary responsibility is to care for the patients. From the "Nursing Timeline of Historical Events" media piece, some trends could be observed. Nurses have been contributing to the socioeconomic...
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...HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Human Resource management in UK perspectives Contents Introduction 3 Literature review and Critical analysis 4 World War I and II 4-6 Training and development 6-7 Total Quality Management (TQM) 7-8 Conclusion 8 References .............................................................................................................................................9 Introduction The purpose of this essay is to consider the work of Audrey Collin in British perspectives compared to the international perspectives. Secondly to identify human resource issue and look at in British point of view. The studies of HRM by Collins provide us a colourful findings and rich competing theoretical outlook. HRM run through all human resource processes such as recruitment, selection, and performance evaluation as well as formal human resource policies, which direct and to some extent hamper the progress of specific practices; and over arching human resource thought, which state the principles that inform an organization's policies and practices. Ideally, these embrace a system that exert a pull on, develops, motivates, and maintain workers who guarantee the effective operation and survival of the business and its component. To be on familiar terms with HRM in context we must think about how these elements of HRM are affected by the internal and external environments of organizations. The internal organizational contextual factors...
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...It was prepared by the joint venture partnership of The Louis Berger Group / The Services Group under Contract # 267-C-00-04-00435-00 The Tourism Industry in Iraq IZDIHAR— USAID Contract #267-C-00-04-00435-00 International Economic Consulting April 17, 2006 The Tourism Industry in Iraq DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. The IRAQ IZDIHAR project is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by the joint venture partnership of: THE Louis Berger Group, INC. Engineers Planners Scientists Economists THE SERVICES GROUP The Tourism Industry in Iraq IZDIHAR— USAID Contract #267-C-00-04-00435-00 Table of Contents i TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary...........................................................................1 II. Tourism: A Global and Regional Perspective...................................3 A. Profile of the Global Tourism Industry................................................................................3 1. Key Trends in Tourism...........................................................................................3 a. Long haul trips on the rise.........................................................................4 b. Safety and security: a growing concern....................................................4 c...
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...DEFENCE CORPS IN CRIME CONTROL IN NIGERIA AVER TYAVWASE THEOPHILUS Abstract The study was carried out to appraise the role of Nigerian Security and Civil Defence Corps in crime control in Nigeria. Public Sentiment Paradigm and the Interest group theoretical perspective were combined to appraise the role of Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps in crime control. The interest group theory was adopted for the study, based on its relevance to the working of Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps in Nigeria. The study confirms that Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps lack the necessary equipment to fight crime in Nigeria. They are also inhibited by factors like dearth of manpower, corruption, illiteracy among others based on the foregoing the Corps lacks the necessary weapons and gadgets to check the rising wave of crime in the society especially the with the emergence of Boko Haram. It was recommended that: government should as matter of urgency provide more modern and sophisticated equipment that can match, if not surpass, those of armed bandits, Government should also embark on a very thorough and massive recruitment of able young men and girls to address the issue of death of manpower and finally government should also address the issue of corruption in Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps by punishing member of the corps that involve in sharp practices in the society. Introduction The most rampant phenomenon ever witnessed in virtually every part of Nigeria...
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...community leaders must request of our public officials to obtain from our government entity’s funding for public gun safety education. The first steps that the state legislators should take is to provide classes for all youth and adults on the danger and outcomes of all firearm incidents. the many organizations such as The National Rifle Association "Believe that every law-abiding citizen is entitled to the ownership and legal use of firearms” (NRA.org 2012 p.1).” This organization utilizes many resources to help share and pass along their beliefs and ideals to persuade and encourage society to pursue their right to own a firearm without any limitations. For this reason, we must take this opportunity to encourage these organizations to provide funded resources for our communities to receive firearm training and safety education. Part of the required educational aspects needed are of firearm safety and proper firearm educate which will definitely play an important role in molding the minds of our youths and any other individual with the idea that their best protection is owning a firearm. Other benefits of firearm education would allow Americans to learn history of firearms and statistical analysis of improper firearm criminal practice and that of what was the original idea of their historical intended use. This will help Americans understand and better support their individual position in their contrasted perspective...
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...The United States is a country known to have highest incarceration rate throughout the world, with around 700 people per 100000 population and according to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), around 2.2 million adults were incarcerated in the US federal and state prisons, and county jails in 2013. The main reason is because of high-occurrence rate of criminal deviance happened. Based on the research, races and classes are two main factors caused criminal deviances. And based on the historical data, white and black arrested rate for murder and robbery are almost the same while white arrested by forcible rape and forgery more (Around 70%). But there’s a significance difference in population of race since the report of population in 2013 showed that 72.4% of population is white alone and only 12.6% of population is black alone, which means black race has the higher criminal rate. And among the violent crime in the US, the assaults stay the highest and murders stay the lowest throughout the history. Both rates per 100,000 population committed assault and robbery crimes varied a lot throughout the history and reached the peak in 1990’s and both rates of rape and murder stayed relatively the same throughout the history. With the high requirements and costs (Around $30,000 per inmate/year) of prisons to hold these inmates, the cash-strapped states start to give their prison operation industry to private prisons. The modern private prison business first emerged and established...
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...THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER CHUKWUNONSO Franklyn, franconicostelo@yahoo.com +234 8038765452, 8052829700 Department of Information Technology, Federal University of Technology, Yola ABSTRACT This paper introduces the development of Human Resource Management (HRM) from a historical perspective and explains the debate between HRM and personnel management. Thus, the paper identifies the historical developments and their impacts on HRM, outlines the development and functions of HRM, explains the differences between HRM and Personnel Management, evaluates ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches to HRM, illustrates how diversity is an issue in Human Relations (HR) practice and finally considers HRM as an international issue. It concludes with a discussion about ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ models of HRM and its implications for the human resource manager. INTRODUCTION The term "human resource management" has been commonly used for about the last ten to fifteen years. Prior to that, the field was generally known as "personnel administration." The name change is not merely cosmetics. Personnel administration, which emerged as a clearly defined field by the 1920s (at least in the US), was largely concerned the technical aspects of hiring, evaluating, training, and compensating employees and was very much of "staff" function in most organizations. The field did not normally focus on the relationship...
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