...SEXUAL HARASSMENT Abstract Sexual harassment includes a range of actions from mild transgressions to sexual abuse or sexual assault. Sexual harassment is a form of illegal employment discrimination in many countries, and is a form of abuse (sexual and psychological) and bullying. For many businesses and other organizations, preventing sexual harassment, and defending employees from sexual harassment charges, have become key goals of legal decision-making. Many men and women around the world believe that sexual harassment is a practice based on simple sexual attraction. It is often seen as an expression of male interest and a form of flattering sexual attention for women – a sometimes vulgar but essentially harmless romantic game, well within the range of normal, acceptable behavior between men and women. What is Sexual Harassment? Sexual harassment includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature in the workplace or learning environment, according to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Sexual harassment does not always have to be specifically about sexual behavior or directed at a specific person. For example, negative comments about women as a group may be a form of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment interferes with your performance by threatening your job security or becoming an obstacle to effective work. Although sexual harassment laws do not usually cover teasing or offhand...
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...Sexual Harassment in the Workplace 1 Lori Spence LDR 222 Workplace Diversity Owen’s Community College Professor Margaret Parker April 14, 2013 Sexual Harassment in the Workplace 2 Introduction Workplace Sexual Harassment is an issue that is very delicate. The facts are that sexual harassment occurs more than most employers, and employees would like to admit and since the recession the number of cases has risen. All claims of harassment and sexual harassment should be immediately investigated by the employer, in the same manner as other employee complaints. If the investigation confirms the allegations made, immediate corrective action should be taken, including counseling and if appropriate, suspending, demoting, or discharging the offender. In this paper we will look at the facts, causes, outcomes, employer/employee responsibility, and the statistics that are very alarming. Sexual Harassment is an issue that can be viewed in different ways depending on who is looking at the issue and why. We will also look at the alarming trend of male sexual harassment and why it has become almost as common in the workplace as female sexual harassment. I choose this topic because it was interesting that sexual harassment can mean many different things depending on who you ask. The fact that since the recession male...
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...Running head: SEXUAL HARASSMENT Workplace Advances Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Xxxxx xxxxxxxx Indiana University Southeast Abstract This study focuses on sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment affects people in every position and every field. Sexual harassment is broken into two types and has different levels. Sexual harassment in the workplace is a form of discrimination. Whether the harassers intent is to intimidate the victim into submission to show the harassers power or to persuade the victim to perform sexual favors to protect their job, it is ultimately a power struggle. The victim may experience unwelcomed sexual advances or demeaning abusive behavior producing a hostile work environment. The victim may suffer physical or mental effects of the abuse causing depression or Sexual Harassment Trauma Syndrome. Courts have ruled on both sides of sexual harassment; both in favor of the harasser and the victim. Employers can be found liable if the courts discover there was knowledge of the harassment but the company did nothing to correct the problem. Workplace Advances Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Introduction The subject of this paper is sexual harassment in the workplace. It is focused toward employers and employees to discuss sexual harassment; what sexual harassment is, who does the harassing and how to stop sexual harassment in the workplace. Background A relatively new term but is not a new problem, sexual harassment has been...
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...organization. Some businesses and organizations strictly prohibit them in any form or fashion, while others prohibit them when the participants are in certain roles within the organization. Some companies have chosen not to address the issue at all and others are using a more formal method of documenting and mitigating the risk they feel these relationships pose. One of the methods of documenting, and potentially mitigating, this risk is known as a consensual relationship agreement or CRA. In the text that follows I will argue for the use of CRA’s in the workplace. Secondly, I will present a counter argument for the use of CRA’s. Then we will then look at the ethical principles involved in the use of CRA’s. Lastly I will present another option that may be available for addresses these consensual relationships. First, let’s look at what brought about the need for CRA’s. On June 28th, 1914 Gavrilo Princip, of Sarajevo, assassinated the Archduke and heir to the throne of Austria, Franz Ferdinand (Collins, 2008, p. 9). Thirty-seven days later World War I began, and with it, so did what some see as the beginnings of women entering the workplace. The Munitions of War Act of 1915 moved twenty-one percent of Britain’s wives, sisters, mothers and daughters into the workforce (Woolacott, 1994, p. 17). Factory workers became soldiers and the women in their lives became factory workers. By 1941, and the United States’ entrance into World War II, 18.9 million American women had entered...
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...across, so I choose sexual harassment towards women in the workplace. Is there still sexual harassment with woman? What constitutes sexual harassment? How is sexual harassment towards women different between now and 50 years ago? These are the questions I hope to ask and hopefully answer throughout this paper. What constitutes sexual harassment? Sexual harassment is defined as unwelcome sexually determined behavior as physical contact and advances, sexually colored remarks, showing pornography and sexual demands, whether by words or actions. Such conduct can be humiliating and may constitute a health and safety problem; it is discriminatory when the woman has reasonable ground to believe that her objection would disadvantage her in connection with her employment, including recruitment or promotion, or when it creates a hostile working environment. With this it is also considered to be that submission to such conduct is made either explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of an individual’s employment; submission to or rejection of such conduct by an individual is used as the basis for employment decisions affecting such individual; or such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an individual’s work performance or creating an intimidating, hostile or offensive working environment. Is there still sexual harassment with woman? In the article “SEXUAL HARASSMENT VERSUS WORKPLACE ROMANCE: SOCIAL MEDIA SPILLOVER AND TEXTUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE...
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...Sexual Harassment Burlington Industries, Inc. V Ellerth Sexual Harassment is a crippling realty in any workplace. Since sexual harassment is considered a problematic issues in today’s realty, the effect of the outcome can be very devastating to any organization, individuals who the victim or the accuser, which is why any harassment situation should be reported, so that others would learn and be aware of violating violates TITLE VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In fact, sexual harassment is not necessary about sex but rather more of power. “In the hands of the wrong person, power can be dangerous. That's especially the case in the workplace, where the abuse of power can lead to sexual harassment” (http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070403184604.htm) empowerment can mean anything however in a workforce environment it can either have a positive side or a dark side which that is very common in today’s realty. In any organization there are individuals who use empowerment to inspire and there are others who uses as an advantaged on their behalf. What is sexual Harassment? “is defined as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature such that submission to or rejection of this conduct explicitly or implicitly affects an individual’s employment, unreasonably interferes with an individual’s work performance, or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment." (http://www.allisontaylor...
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...Sexual Harassment Research Paper Legal Definition of Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is defined as unwelcomed sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of sexual nature that tends to create a hostile or offensive work environment. This also includes displaying material of sexual nature that one may find offensive. (LawInfo, para. 1-2) Sexual harassment vs. gender discrimination Sexual harassment differs from gender discrimination in that the unwanted sexual advances, verbal or physical, is behavioral and seeks personal motives. With gender discrimination, it’s not so much based on the unwanted advances and behavior, but how an individual is treated unfairly on the basis of their sex. In both cases, it can happen to males and females. (Sexualharassmentlawyer, para. 2-3) Legal definition of “quid pro quo” (vicarious liability) sexual harassment and example Quid pro quo sexual harassment is defined as employment benefits that are made dependent on the provision of sexual favors; failing to do so, can have serious drawbacks such as loss of employment or benefits. (USLegal, para. 1) Example, a manager makes sexual advances towards one of his employees and he or she repeatedly rejects him. The manager then tells the individual that they must comply with his request or else they will lose their upcoming promotion and potentially their job. The employee feels pressured and feels as though they must comply since their manager...
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...Kendra Ballard BUS 259.0001 April 19, 2015 Executive Summary Sexual Harassment, Workplace Romance According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, sexual harassment is defined as unwelcomed sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature. Harassment does not have to be of sexual nature but can also include offensive remarks about a person’s sex. Sexual harassment claims are becoming more popular as years go by according to reports showing increases in number of claims submitted within the past years to current. Sexual harassment is illegal when matters become severe by creating a hostile environment and or adverse employment decision, including termination or demotion. Sexual harassment has become more tolerable because society has failed to recognize the behavior and do something about it versus accept the behavior and belittle ourselves. Regardless of the sex, sexual harassment can happen to anyone any age, there is not a set age requirement on the rules and regulations when it comes to sexual harassment cases. It is important for companies to have a written policy and procedure when it comes to sexual harassment within the workplace. Not only to protect the company if a case should be filed against them but to also educate their staff on what proper way to conduct themselves while at work as well as the steps to take should they be harassed, know off someone being harassed, etc. Many steps are...
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...Discrimination and Harassment in the Work Place/Education System Sexual and racial harassment refers to the action of repeated, annoying sexual comments, gazes, threats due to race, and physical contact at the workplace and in schools. The 1964 civil rights federal act makes it illegal for employers to discriminate against employees or potential employees on the basis of religion, national origin, sex, color, or race. Now, companies and education entities around the world face the task to ensure decent working conditions for their employees and students in an environment free from discrimination and harassment. In cross-cultural companies, it's rather difficult because of the peculiarities of the mentality and the differences in cultural practices, but it is necessary to solve the problem of discrimination and harassment. Sexual and racial harassment is a common problem for both women and men; it not only leads to discrimination in labor, loss in wages, low productivity and stress, but also influences the general atmosphere of lawlessness and violence. There are many forms of discrimination, especially in the workplace. Before we get into the different types of discrimination, we need to define the word discriminate, which means to make a “distinction in favor of or against a person or thing on the basis of the group” or class, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. Discrimination around us First, let’s talk about discrimination; could you imagine...
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...Ethics and Sexual harassment Overview Sexual Harassment is an intimidation, bullying or coercion of a sexual nature, or the unwelcome or inappropriate promise of rewards in exchange for sexual favors. Sexual harassment is considered as a form of harassment which includes any unwelcome conduct or comment which has a negative impact on the victim’s work environment. Sexual harassment, like other types of harassment is considered as a form of discrimination. It may either be verbal or non verbal. Sexual harassment occurs when sexual contact is the only form the employee can get his or her benefits. This includes salary, promotion and continual of employment in the company. A sexual harassment complaint can only be valid if the offense is severe and influential to the working condition of the victim. The sexual harassment case report must have purposely interfered with the person’s thinking, performance and working environment. History of the term was first used in 1973 when a woman by the name of Dr Mary Rowe reported Gender discrimination. However, sexual harassment has been known to be discussed earlier in the decade. Other terms were, “sexual intimidation”, “sexual coercion” and “sexual exploitation on the job” Objective This paper reviews the problem of Sexual harassment and the negative impact on the victim’s work environment. Over the years, many people have believed that the issue of sexual harassment should not be discussed in public. Sexual harassment was to be discussed...
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...RESOURCE AND SEXUALY HARASSMENT 1 Human Resource and Sexual Harassment HUMAN RESOURCE AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT 2 Human Resource and Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is an invasion of mind, body, and soul that is quickly becoming a growing concern in the workplace. The victims of sexual harassment, in more cases than not, suffer from mental, emotional, and physiological damage, leaving a since of insecurity and fear lingering within the victims. When harassment of this nature occurs, it is a personal choice for someone to report it, or not to report it to their supervisors. When it is reported within a company, it is handled through human resource workers; who then have to decipher what kind of harassment occurred, and what actions need to take place concerning the harasser. According to the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) between the years of 2000 to 2011, reports of sexual harassment filed fluctuated from 16,726 in 2000, to 12,571 in 2011(EEOC & FEAP,2013). The numbers of the reports have gone up, and down through the years, but that does not indicate that the number of sexual harassment assaults have done...
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...Ouch v. Jakubek An analysis on reporting of Sexual Harassment in the work place Strayer University This analysis is a look at the sexual harassment in the case of Ouch v. Jakubek and why the situation was not in compliance with the federal employment laws. The discussion will try to create a plan that will correct the issues in the future and bring the Jakubek back into compliance of the law under Title VII of the Civil Right Act. In the work environment there are many laws that help protect the employee rights in the work place. One of these laws is The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which prohibits employers from discriminating against individuals because of their race. Over the years the Civil Right Act has change to encompass not only race, but also prohibits employers from discriminating in terms of conditions of employment on the basis of color, national origin, religion and sex. [ (Kubasek, 2009, p. 627) ] In the court case of Ouch v. Jakubek we will look at the part of the Civil Right Act under Title VII on discrimination because of sex or in this case sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is “the unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature, which explicitly or implicitly makes submission a term or conditions of employment or...
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...Issues in Contemporary Ghana Topic: Sexual Harassment a Blessing or a Curse to society? Presented By: Amy Asiedu Lecturer: Dr Dan-Bright Dzorbo Introduction There have been many ambiguities surrounding what actually constitutes sexual harassment and how it differs from other sexual advances. If one simply looks at a dictionary’s definition of harassment it means “annoying or unpleasant behaviour towards someone that takes place regularly"(Macmillan English Dictinary, 2002), it is clear that such behaviour towards a colleague is undesirable and could undermine morale and productivity. If one adds the sexual dimension, with its personal, psychological, moral and marital implications, the problem becomes much more complex. Events currently identified as sexual harassment were considered personal and attracted individual solutions before the 1970’s. Since 1976, sexual harassment has been highlighted by feminist, trade unionist and later human right activists who have succeeded in making it a social problem (Britwum and Anokye, 2006). Thus, satisfying the condition that a social problem must be identified by a significant proportion of the population (Ritzer, 1975). The natural or biological origin of sexual harassment is based on the good old fashion idea of attraction between two people. Also, the issue about men possessing the bigger sex drives is another factor which causes them to aggressively approach women with sexual comments or intentions (www.arizona...
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...Topics Page NO. 1. Introduction 2 2. Background 3 3. Areas of research 5 4. Hypothesis 7 5. Methodology 8 6. Primary data presentation and analysis 9 7. Summary of findings 18 8. Secondary data analysis 20 9. Limitations 23 10. Recommendations 24 11. Conclusion 25 12. References 27 13. Appendix 28 About 7 years ago, I remember that my English teacher came to the classroom with a very sad face. She was very upset and was sweating. She was so upset that she could not take the class properly and left the classroom early. Later on when she was asked by one of our senior students, she revealed the reason for which she was so upset. While travelling in the public bus that she uses everyday to come to school, she was literally sexually harassed. She was sitting on the front row of the crowded bus when suddenly two men came in front of her and was somehow touching her chest with their elbows. In the rush, they were acting as if it was not intentional but our teacher understood that it was purely planned by the two. As the bus was going, our teacher tried to complain but she felt silent and nervous and did not react as she was completely numb. Through out the route, the two men explored that area of her body. When our teacher got down from the bus, she realized what exactly had happened. It was later found that she...
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...Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is considered a form of sex discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) defines sexual harassment as unwelcome sexual advance, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment can happen from the opposite sex as well as the same sex. There are two forms of sexual harassment; one is the most commonly know by people is called quid pro quo. It is the exchange of sexual favors for job benefits. Identifiable elements to determined quid pro quo from the case Pease vs. Alford Photo Industries are. You are a member of a protective class You were subjected to unwelcome sexual harassment in the form of sexual advances or requests for sexual favors from a supervisor or individual with authority over the plaintiff. Harassment complained of was based on sex. Submission to the unwelcome advances was an express or implied condition for receiving some form of job benefits, or refusal to submit to sexual demands resulted in a tangible job detriment. Employer knew or should have known of the harassment. The second form of sexual harassment is called Hostile work environment. Its is unwelcome conduct constituting hostile work environment harassment must be sufficiently severe or pervasive to alter the conditions of the victim’s employment and create an abusive working environment. An example of this could be...
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