...important for EFL students and writing is the basic part of academic and professional life. What distinguishes a literate person from an illiterate one is the ability of the former to read and write. What distinguishes a successful EFL learner from an unsuccessful one is the ability of the former to convey his/her ideas and thoughts (knowledge) in a written form. It is obvious that a person can learn how to read easily, whereas in the case of...
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...* Local Context and Related Studies D. Methodology * Respondents * Data Gathering Procedure * Research Design * Data Analysis E. Timetable for Research F. References TITLE A Syntactic and Comparative Analysis of Phrase Structure Rules Used in the Written Diagnostic and Term Composition of Freshmen Computer Secretarial Students in Bulacan Polytechnic College (Obando Campus) INTRODUCTION Rationale It is said that language learning is the product of formal instruction and it comprises a conscious process which results in conscious knowledge ‘about’ the language, for example knowledge of grammar rules. Although ‘language learning’ is considered less important than language acquisition, most of what is learned has been coming from the formal teaching in school. It is also said that the acquisition of grammatical structures follows a ‘natural order’ which is predictable. For a given language, some grammatical structures tend to be acquired early while others late. It can be derived that language learning could also be predictable and that grammatical structures are learned in an orderly manner controlled by the series of language teaching (particularly grammar teaching) courses embedded in a curriculum program. Language learning and language teaching are relatively intertwined and the effectiveness of the latter could be reflected by the other. Moreover, language teaching effectiveness does not solely depend on the teaching-learning process...
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...DISCLAIMER: The syllabus and calendar are a work in progress. Keep in close contact, by attending class regularly and checking Blackboard on a daily basis. Required texts: -- Donley, Benavides, Márquez. Aventuras Primer curso de lengua española, 3rd edition, Vista Higher Learning -- Aventuras Lab Manual/ Workbook/Video Manual. Vista Higher Learning, 3rd edition -- Supersite, Aventuras 3a edition, Vista Higher Learning (pass code comes with new textbook) Also recommended: www.wordreference.com (on line bilingual dictionary & thesaurus); www.studyspanish.com (extra practice) Course Description: This course offers a beginning level of Spanish and forms a part of the SPAN 101, 102, and 103. SPAN 101 introduces Spanish language grammar, vocabulary, cultural information, oral practice, and writing. The weekly requirements include class meetings (Monday—Friday, or Monday/Wednesday/Friday), a visit to the language lab, daily homework and workbook and lab book assignments. You are allowed to bring food and beverages to class. Attendance is mandatory. Course objectives: During this quarter, the goal is for you to… -- Begin to talk in Spanish about yourself, your preferences, and interests; -- Read, write and understand enough Spanish to handle basic social...
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...single best way to teach the English language but there are many ways to do. And it is the main role of the teacher to become flexible enough in applying various techniques in developing the level of competency of the learners. Moreover, grammar is the essentials of language. The means to say that in order to learn the English language, a learner must know when to use a certain tense, word form, knowing how to explain and apply the rule and the right expression. Consequently, teaching English grammar is tricky as there are just so many exceptions to rules, irregularities of word forms, and other that even if you do know your grammar rules, you are probably going o need some help hen providing explanations (http://esl.about.com). Accordingly, the study of grammar began with the ancient Greeks, who engaged in philosophical speculation about language and described language structure. This grammatical tradition was passed on to the romans, who translated the greek names for the past of speech and grammatical endings into latin; many of this terms (nominative, accusative, dative) are still found in modern grammars, but the Greeks and romans were unable to determine how language are related. This problem spurred the development of comparative grammar, which becomes the dominant approach to linguistic science in the 19th century (Microsoft Encarta,...
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...Americans are enrolled in college, although about half of them probably shouldn't be! During the junior year of high school, students and, to a greater extent, their parents start to fret about getting the teenager into a college. Most of these students are unable to be admitted to first-rate schools like Williams College or the Ivy League institutions, but they and their parents believe that a college education, from any school, is necessary to succeed in the 21st century. However, Edward E. Gordon reports in an article entitled "Creating Tomorrow's Work Force" (The Futurist, August, 2000) that 70% of the workers in the coming decades will not need a four-year college degree, but, rather, an associate degree from a community college or some type of technical certificate. Thus, moms and dads, who foot the bill, delude themselves that going to any four-year college will make their sons and daughters literate, analytical, culturally aware, technologically advanced, and therefore employable. In America today, there exists a goal that the majority of the nation's youth should go to college and that access should be the byword for higher education. On the surface, this sounds like a great idea; in reality, it is not. Access in its most-extreme form--open admissions--was instituted at The City University of New York during the turmoil of the 1960s. Any student who had graduated from high school, with no regard given to grade point average (GPA) and/or the SAT scores, was allowed into...
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...CHALLENGES STUDENTS FACE IN LEARNING ESSAY WRITING SKILLS IN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MANGA DISTRICT, NYAMIRA COUNTY, KENYA BY NYANG’AU BENARD NYASIMI E55/CE/14078/2009 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION KENYATTA UNIVERSITY JULY 2013 * DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for degree in any other university. Signature: ______________________________ Date: ________________________ BY NYANG’AU BENARD NYASIMI E55/CE/14078/2009 We confirm that this thesis was carried out by the candidate under our supervision as university supervisors. Signature------------------------------------------------------ Date-------------------------- Dr .Sophia. Ndethiu. Department of Educational Communication and Technology. Kenyatta University. Signature------------------------------------------------------ Date------------------------- Dr. John. Kimemia. Department of Educational Communication and Technology. Kenyatta University. * DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my loving wife Zipporah Nyasimi and our sons Philemon Siko and Enock Ongeri . * ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to acknowledge the support of those individuals who made it possible for a successful completion of this work. Special thanks go to my supervisors Dr. Sophia Ndethiu and Dr. John. Kimemia for the support, guidance...
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...S310: Spanish Grammar and Composition Spring 2005 Instructor: ________________________________ Email: _______________________ Office: ____________ Office Hours: ______________________ Phone: __________________ Required materials: 1. Repase y escriba: Curso avanzado de gramática y composición, 4th edition, María Canteli Dominicis and John J. Reynolds. John Wiley and Sons, 2003 2. Workbook for Repase y escriba,4th edition 3. Coursepack: Spanish Grammar: A Quick Reference, David Wren 4. A good Spanish/English dictionary Course objectives: To review and strengthen your understanding and use of major concepts of Spanish grammar including grammatical tenses, the subjunctive, pronominal verbs, passive forms, prepositions, and subordination, among other grammatical points. In addition, culture-related readings in Spanish will provide you with opportunities to learn new vocabulary in context and to practice conversation by means of in-class discussions. You will also learn and practice the general guidelines of how to write a composition, including organization and structure, coherence, sentence structure, word choice, accentuation, etc. The class will be conducted in Spanish. Pre-requisite: S275, placement exam, or departmental permission. Note: This class is the equivalent of S311. If you have already taken S311, see your instructor. Daily preparation: Before class, carefully read and study the sections...
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...Writing, and Writing,( Makati City: Katha Publishing Co., Inc., 2003). 2L.Collingwood, “Language” 21st Century Universal Encyclopedia. 1996 Ed. 3Modesta Q. Boquirin, Quality Quotation, (Metro Manila: H.E. Academia Enterprises, 1995). 4Sandra Rodriguez Arroyo, English for College Freshmen, (Quezon City: Rex Book Store, Inc., 1998). 5 Marvin M. Garcia and Mark A. Valladollid, “Validation of Learning Modules in Electromagnetism for College Physics Students”, (Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Bicol University, Daraga, Albay, 2008). 6Charles Bloomfield, et. Al., The Communicative Approach to Language Testing, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998) p.10 7Wilmer Trauger, Language Arts in Elementary School, (New York: McGawhill Inc., 1998). 8Donna F. Norton, Effective Teaching of Language Arts, 5th ed., ( New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc., 1997 ) p. 401 9Bonifacio P. Sibayan, Philippine Language of Problems: The Language Issues in Education, (Manila: Acuna Publishing Co., Inc., 1994). 10Diane Larsen, Grammar and its Teaching: Challenging the Myths http:// www.cal.org./digest/ larsen01html. 11Ibid. 12Ibid. 13James Lurin and James Nolan, Principles of Classroom Management: A Professional Decision- Making Model, 3rd ed., (USA: Pearson Education Co.,2000). 14G. Gachitorena, “The Use of Pictures in Advertisement to Develop Some Communication Skills in English III”, (Unpublished Masters Thesis, Bicol University, Legazpi City, 2001). 15A.C Lewis , Getting...
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...Christian School In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Grammar and Composition III By: Adrian Angelo A. Fernandez March 2012 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Our study is about “The Perception of the High School Students of Palawan Hope Christian School SY 2012-2013 regarding the usage of ebook”. An electronic book (variously, e-book, ebook, digital book) is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices. Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book, e-books can also be born digital. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e-book as “an electronic version of a printed book, but e-books can and do exist without any printed equivalent. E-books are usually read on dedicated e-book readers. Personal computers and some mobile phones can also be used to read e-books. Students now experiencing difficulty in bringing many books in school, e-book becomes very useful now days because it’s a digital device that contains various books in this device. We will know how this device will affect the students when they start to use and know this device. This device is too expensive to buy, but this will affect students of bringing their heavy books in school. Statement of the Problem Generally, this study will find out The Perception of the High School Students of Palawan Hope Christian School SY 2012-2013 regarding the usage...
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...rules and systems (language conventions) which are used to explore and communicate meaning. It defines culture which is essential in understanding oneself (personal identity), forming interpersonal relationships (socialization), extending experiences, reflecting on thought and action, and contributing to a better society. Language, therefore, is central to the peoples’ intellectual, social and emotional development and has an essential role in all key learning areas1. Language is the foundation of all human relationships. All human relationships are established on the ability of people to communicate effectively with each other. Our thoughts, values and understandings are developed and expressed through language. This process allows students to understand better the world in which they live and contributes to the development of their personal perspectives of the global community. People use language to make sense of and bring order to their world. Therefore, proficiency in the language enables people to access, process and keep abreast of information, to engage with the wider and more diverse communities, and to learn about the role of language in their own lives, and in their own and other cultures. II. GUIDING PRINCIPLES The K-12 Language Arts and Multiliteracies Curriculum is anchored on the following language acquisition, learning, teaching and assessing principles. All languages are interrelated and interdependent. Facility in the first...
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...OF ED U TE N ST A IA DEP NT ME T N T IO CA AR California English Language Development Test (CELDT) OF C A LI FO R Released Test Questions — Updated September 2012 P r e p a r e d b y t h e California Department of Education Available on the California Department of Education CELDT Resources Web page at http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/el/resources.asp Copyright © 2012 by the California Department of Education (CDE). All rights reserved. This document may be copied and distributed by individuals and by California local educational agencies. This document and its contents may not be edited or altered, and must remain unchanged as published by the CDE. Any other use or reproduction of this document, in whole or in part, requires written permission from the CDE. C a l i f o r n i a E n g l i s h L a n g u a g e D e v e l o p m e n t T e s t CELDT Released Test Questions — Updated Table of Contents Introduction ..............................................................................................................................1 Released Test Questions Overview ............................................................................................................................. 3 Test Components by Domain ............................................................................................... 6 Released Test Questions by Grade and Domain Kindergarten...
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...PERCEPTION OF THE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PALAWAN HOPE CHRISTIAN SCHOOL SY 2012-2013 REGARDING THE USAGE OF EBOOK A Thesis Presented to the English Department of Palawan Hope Christian School In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Grammar and Composition III By: Adrian Angelo A. Fernandez March 2012 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Our study is about “The Perception of the High School Students of Palawan Hope Christian School SY 2012-2013 regarding the usage of ebook”. An electronic book (variously, e-book, ebook, digital book) is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices. Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book, e-books can also be born digital. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e-book as “an electronic version of a printed book, but e-books can and do exist without any printed equivalent. E-books are usually read on dedicated e-book readers. Personal computers and some mobile phones can also be used to read e-books. Students now experiencing difficulty in bringing many books in school, e-book becomes very useful now days because it’s a digital device that contains various books in this device. We will know how this device will affect the students when they start to use and know this device. This device is too expensive to buy, but this will affect students of bringing their heavy books...
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...Analysis of English Language Proficiency and Performance in Content-Area Cognitive Skills Kate O’Neill - Zayed University Peter M. Theuri – Northern Kentucky University Abstract: Literature is replete with studies indicating the need to develop students’ language skills. Little research has emphasized the importance of language proficiency in enhancing learning or performance in specific content-area courses. This study investigates whether a student’s English language proficiency can be associated with her performance in specific cognitive skills (knowledge, comprehension, application, and analysis) in an introductory accounting course. While the results show no association between TOEFL and performance, the mean of the English composition courses do show a significant association with knowledge and comprehension cognitive skills scores on the first financial accounting course. No associations were attached to the application and analysis cognitive skills. The results are meaningful to faculty in balancing language proficiency with quality instruction in content-area courses. Introduction and Reference Context: English as a language of instruction has quickly taken precedence in most of the universities and colleges around the world. What has also become commonplace is the interchange of students from country to country. The term “international students” has traditionally been attributed to students who matriculate in colleges and universities...
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...Review of “Research Summary and Bibliography for Structured English Immersion Programs” of the Arizona English Language Learners Task Force Stephen Krashen University of Southern California Kellie Rolstad Arizona State University Jeff MacSwan Arizona State University The “Research Summary and Bibliography for Structured English Immersion Programs” of the Arizona English Language Learners Task Force purports to present a scholarly and balanced review of current scientific knowledge regarding effective programs for English Language Learners (ELLs) in general and Structured English Immersion (SEI) in particular. However, we find that the review neglects to reference significant research bearing on the questions raised, and frequently draws inappropriate conclusions from the research presented. Perhaps most disappointing is the tendency in the review to neglect important conceptual distinctions which could have usefully guided the research summary. Below we address each area of literature review in turn, pointing out significant limitations and incorrect interpretations as they arise. 1. What is the current state of scientific research in the area of effective instruction for English Learners? The review cites references to make the point that there are relatively few high quality studies regarding program effectiveness for English Language Learners, with estimates ranging from five (Gersten & Baker, 2000) to fifty (Genesee, Lindholm-Leary, Saunders...
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...Pejovic, Vladimir IELTS preparation and practice: Reading and writing Oxford : Oxford Univeristy Press, 2006 LLB 428 CAM* IELTS with answer 2: (1b+2c) Cambridge : Cambridge Univerity Press, 2003 Summary: It containes: four complete tests for Academic candidates ENG Exams – IELTS * Catt, Carolyn Language Passport, Preparing students for the IELTS interview New Zealand : Addison Wesley Longman, 1966 ENG Exams – IELTS * IELTS with answer 1: (1b+2c) Cambridge : Cambridge Univerity Press, 2003 Summary: It containes: four complete tests for Academic candidates 428 JAK* Jakeman, Vanessa IELTS Practice Tests Plus London : Longman, 2001 LLB 428 SAH* Sahanaya, Wendy IELTS preparation and practice Oxford : Oxford Univeristy Press, 2006 ENG Exams – IELTS * Deakin, Greg Practice tests for IELTS Melbourne : Indonesia Australia Language Foundation, 1996 LLB 428 SAH Sahanaya, Wendy IELTS. Preparation and Practice. Reading and Writing . Academic Module Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2001 LLB 428 SAH Sahanaya, Wendy IELTS Preparation and Practice. Listening and Speaking Oxford University Press Melbourne, 2001 ENG Exams - IELTS CAM* IELTS with answer 3: (1b+2c) Cambridge : Cambridge Univerity Press, 2003 Summary: It containes: four complete tests for Academic candidates LLB 428 SAH* Sahanaya, Wendy IELTS preparation and practice: Listening and Speaking (1b+2c) Oxford : Oxford Univeristy Press, 2006 LLB 428 JAK* Jakeman, Vanessa Inside into IELTS extra with answers Cambridge : Cambridge University...
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