...dynasties in the Middle East according to Ibn Khaldun?- According to Ibn Khaldun the rise and fall of the dynasties in the middle east can be directly correlated to the different social structures that tribes would embrace. Which will lead to a better military structure. Compare and contrast the organization of the Arabian tribes with that of the Turko-mongolian tribes of inner asia? The Arabian and turk0- monoglian had some similarities but they also had many differences I will first start with their similarities. Both the Arabian tribes and turko-mongolian consisted of nomadic people, they were a stateless society, with no formal government. Now let me talk about their differences the Arabian tribes were endxomous meaning they were intermarried this made the tribe very cohesive and insulated. Through this intermarriage created their social stricter which was called egalitarian meaning there was little difference among people no matter rich or poor everyone was on the same level. This made it very difficult to have a ranking system in the military. The Turko-Monoglian tribes were exgoumous meaning they married outside of the family this was very important especially with building political alliances. There social structure was hierarchical which made a ranking system in the army very important. How did this difference affect the patter of state formation in pre modern middle east-? These difference affect the pattern of state formation in the pre modern middle east because...
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... * People…………………………………………………………………………………………….6 * Product uniqueness………………………………………………………………………………6 * Customer satisfaction……………………………………………………………………………6 * Market share………………………………………………………………………….………….7 * Barrier to entry…………………………………………………………………………………..7 * Growth potential………………………………………………………………………………... 7 * IT communication………………………………………………………….…………………... 7 * Yield Management System……………………………………………………………………... 7 * Computer Reservation System………………………………………………………………... 8 * Constraints……………………………………………………………………………………... 8 * Cost Management…………………………………………………………….………………... 8...
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...MIDDLE EAST Middle Eastern countries are at various stages of their economic development with a common heritage. In most of the countries oil wealth has played a major role in its development gaining the attraction of the interest of other developed countries. Globalization has become one of the significant factors of its development, thus forcing the countries to alter its economic policies and reforms as well as the accounts standards. (International monetary fund, 2014) http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/med/2003/eng/abed.htm "Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the middle East and North Africa by George T. Abed and Hamid R. Davoodi." Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the middle East and North Africa by George T. Abed and Hamid R. Davoodi. International Monetary Fund, n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2014. <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/med/2003/eng/abed.htm>. JORDAN The government of Jordan has adopted IFRS in may 15th,1977 by passing Company Law No.22 which came into effect after thirty days of its issue. The Public companies were informed to classify their accounts according to the International Financial Reporting Standards. (IFRS, 2011) Egypt The companies in Egypt were monitored by the IFRS until the Capital Market Law passed in 1992 which obliged all the registered companies to follow Egyptian Accounting Standards set by ministry of Finance. The Central Bank made it mandatory for all the Banks to follow the EAS.However, as per the current report, the...
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...accumulating problems that might lead to riots, civil wars and even revolutions as in the case of Egypt. By turning the focus to Egypt one can find that it was mainly a centre of attention for many European countries, due to its location in the centre of Africa, its strong image among neighbouring countries and its location on the trade map where its found between the Mediterranean and the red sea, and so its really controls the path of all passing ships. The history of Egypt being occupied dates back to along time ago from the Greeks to the huge ottoman empire from 1517 till the British occupation in 1882, with some minor interruptions by Napoleon’s France in the French expedition that was sent to Egypt. So generally speaking in the Middle East in particular colonies started to exist before colonialism as the political and economic dominance of one country by another during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries has come to be called “Informal Empire”. The term informal state actually means according to Juan R.I.Cole is when a more powerful state makes an alliance...
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...power parity). According to the International Monetary Fund, Bangladesh ranked as the 43rd largest economy in the world in 2010 in PPP terms and 57th largest in nominal terms, among the Next Eleven or N-11 of Goldman Sachs and D-8 economies, with a gross domestic product of US$269.3 billion in PPP terms and US$104.9 billion in nominal terms. The economy has grown at the rate of 6-7% p.a. over the past few years. More than half of the GDP belongs to the service sector, a major number of nearly half of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector, with RMG, textiles, leather, jute, fish, vegetables, leather and leather goods, ceramics, fruits as other important produce. Remittances from Bangladeshis working overseas, mainly in the Middle East is the major source of foreign exchange earnings; exports of garments and textiles are the other main sources of foreign exchange earning. Ship building and cane cultivation have become a major force of growth. GDP's rapid growth due to sound financial control and regulations have also contributed to its growth. However, foreign direct investment is yet to rise significantly. Bangladesh has made major strides in its human development index.[4] The land is devoted mainly to rice and jute cultivation as well as fruits and produce, although wheat production has increased in recent years; the country is largely self-sufficient in rice production.[4][4] Bangladesh's growth of its agro industries is due to its rich deltaic fertile land that...
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...assignment as Head/Compensation & Benefits with Tatweer Petroleum in Bahrain. The drive to nationalize coupled with increasing pressure from the company?s joint venture partners to improve financial performance have led to the departure of numerous highly compensated expats, including me. I am now back in the market looking at full-time employment and consulting opportunities, e.g. the following: ? Am open to senior non-management HR roles, with emphasis on compensation and performance management development, in the USA, the Middle East/GCC, and worldwide. ? Vice-President (VP)/Director of Human Resources for small to mid-sized organizations ? VP/Director/Manager of Compensation & Benefits/Performance & Rewards ? Human Resources consulting; available for projects on an independent ?associate? basis; join ?delivery? team of a blue chip global consulting firm; conduct training workshops related to special HR strengths. I have remained in Bahrain while targeting the Middle East for employment and consulting assignments, but I am single, mobile, and available for assignments worldwide. Special Note: I have signed a contract with Petrosync in Singapore to conduct in September this year a week-long compensation workshop in Kuala Lumpur for Asia Pacific HR professionals in the oil and gas industry. Please feel free to contact...
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...BEFORE INDUSTRIALIZATION 15 Management in Early Civilizations: The Near East. The Far East. Egypt. The Hebrews. Greece. Rome. The Catholic Church. Feudalism and the Middle Ages. The Revival of Commerce. T he Cultural Rebirth: The Protestant Ethic. A Criticism of the Weberian Thesis. Modern Support for Weber. The Liberty Ethic. The Market Ethic. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVE The Industrial Revolution in England: The Age of Machines. Management: the Fourth Factor of Production. M anagement Problems in the Early Factory: The Search for Managerial Talent. The Labor Problem. The Shortage of Skilled Labor. Training. Discipline and Motivation. Management Functions in the Early 42 Xll CONTENTS Factory. Cultural Consequences of the Industrial Revolution: The Condition of the Worker. Child and Female Labor. MANAGEMENT PIONEERS IN THE FACTORY SYSTEM Robert Owen: The Search for a New Harmony: Early Managerial Experiences. The Call for Reform. Charles Babbage: The Irascible Genius: The First Computer. Analyzing Industrial Operations. Andrew Ure: Pioneering in Management Education: Principles of Manufacturing. Charles Dupin: Industrial Education in France: The Pioneers: A Final Note. EARLY AMERICAN MANAGEMENT Antebellum Industry and Management: Early Industrial Development. The Railroads: Pioneering in American Management: Daniel McCallum: System and Organization. Henry V. Poor: A...
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...political and cultural and social analysis as well as the customer opportunities and challenges needed for this expansion in Lebanon’s new market. Mlabbas’s unique products are studied in details in terms of describing, pricing decisions, channels of distribution decisions and promotion decisions. Further more, the areas where Mlabbas stores will be open, especially Downtown Beirut, is going to be mentioned and estimated for future support for new retail space in its market area. Table of contents CONTENTS | PAGE NO. | Abstract | 2 | Introduction | 4 | Part|- Market Analysis | 5 - 13 | Part ||- Market Entry Strategy | 14 - 20 | Conclusion | 21 | References | 22 | Introduction Market entry strategy is the arranged system for conveying goods and services to another target market and dispersing them there. In this project the Jordanian business, which is Mlabbas will expand its stores and business into Lebanon’s market in order to achieve its goal in becoming a bigger and an international company. Lebanon is known that is the home of fashion and unique trends and the aim of Mlabbas is to ensure this fact by offering more unique products that will specialize Lebanese people. Lebanon is a developing country that is able to welcome any type of new business to its market in order to expand it and increase its income. Despite that Lebanon is seen as a small country it has a big market potential....
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...The Ottoman Empire: The Rise, Fall and Influence in Today's Middle East By: Robert Rosen M01 A1 Written Assignment Throughout history, there have been many empires. Some of them lasted years, some lasted decades. But one stands alone as the longest running empire. The Ottoman Empire ruled from 1280-1922. The Empire saw 37 Sultans and an expansion of power and control over most of the Middle East and parts of Europe and Africa. The Empire had a slow, but sudden burst of growth. That burst was immediately followed by their undoing. But it left behind a long legacy which is still felt to this day in the Middle East. During this period, the Mongols were running rampant. In order to avoid certain death, the Turkic Kayi tribe fled. The Byzantines were being fought by the Rum Seljuk. Kayi tribe chief Ertogrul offered his stable of 444 horse soldiers to aid in fighting the Byzantines. In exchange, he was given land. When Ertogrul died, his son Osman (1280-1326) took power. He was given a sword and he would go on to fight against the Byzantines, just as his father had before him. The basis of this war was religion, with the Byzantines Christian and Osman Islamic. Osman would raid Byzantine land, overtaking it in the name of Islam. Osman refused to make peace and finally took the city of Bursa, which became the very first capital of the Ottomans. (Goldschmidt Jr & Davidson, 2010, p. 131-132) Osman's eventual death opened the door to his son to become ruler. Orhan (1288-1360)...
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...Crusades Abstract Crusades are recalled as a major incident in the history. This series of the holy war started in 1095 and continued till 1272. In general, reasons and motivational factors behind crusades are classified as subjective in nature. The goal of the Christian in this war was to liberate Jerusalem from Muslim possession and retook the control of the holy land. While, Muslims at the beginning of this war were on defensive side and failed to sustain their kingdom. However, after the third crusade, Saladin recaptured Jerusalem and included this state in his Kingdom of Egypt. This paper briefly describes the reasons and impacts of crusades which affected Europe in terms of politics, economy and social system and benefits. Table of Contents John Q. Student Professor Doe English 344 8 May 2000 Crusades Introduction The human history has seen numerous wars which have been fought to achieve the strategic goals of the states. Most of the wars reflect the intention of territorial expansion, acquiring additional resources of occupied land, settling down the political instability and to create balance or dominancy in terms of power in the region. However, history also witnesses to the fact that there are many wars that were fought on the name of religion. Crusades, among them, are generally referred as holy war or series of religious military actions to conquer the land of...
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...divisions. It identifies three classes- 1) free land-owning class (royals, high-ranking officers, etc.) 2) dependent farmers and artisans 3) slaves employed for domestic service. The lower orders received the most severe punishments. Slaves were made out of POW. Cultures: Development and Interaction Ziggurats, a multistory, mud-brick, pyramid-shaped tower was built, yet scholars still wonder its function and symbolic meaning. Economic Systems: Creation, Expansion, Interaction Evidence of seagoing vessels that carried wood, metals, stone from foreign lands were exchanged with wool. cloth, barley, and vegetable oil. This trade helped boom the economy of Mesopotamia and other nearby countries such as Lebannon, Syria, Egypt, and Anatolia. Unit 2 600 BCE-600 CE Cultures: Development and Interaction The Parthians, a people originally from east of the Caspian Sea, had their threshold of Central Asia and shared customs with the steppe nomads farther to the east which helped foster the Silk Road. Economic Systems: Creation, Expansion, Interaction During the Sasnid Empire, the Silk Road brought many new crops to Mesopotamia. Sasanid farmers pioneered in planting cotton, sugar cane,...
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...marketing entities The scale that displays a range of products along a continuum based on their tangibility. Pure go Tangibleods are tangible dominant, where as pure services are intangible dominant. Businesses which contain both good and service contain, fall in the middle of the continuum. Another way of looking at the difference between goods and services is provided by the scale of marketing entities. Tangible dominant Product that possess a physical properties that can be felt, tasted, and seen prior to the consumer’s purchase decision. Intangible dominant Products that lacks the physical properties that can be sensed by consumers prior to the purchase decision. The scale of marketing entities presented in figure 1.1 displays a range of products based on their tangibility. Rice (Example: BD rice) has the highest tangible aspect as we can feel, taste and can seen prior to the buying therefore we have selected it as the most tangible good in the scale of marketing entities model. Accordingly based on the tangibility aspect we have selected mineral water (Mum), shampoo (Meril), and computer (Apple), jewelry (Venus) as an example of tangible product or Manufactured good. We have put hotels (Radison) in the middle of the model as it includes both tangible and intangible aspect which has to give equal importance. Services are intangible dominant and can not be sense, felt or taste before the purchase. We have selected the service of doctors as the highest intangible product...
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...Essay #1: Outline the reforms initiated in the Ottoman Empire by Selim III and how they were related to the reforms followed during the reign of Mahmud II? The reign of Selim III was a period of time of state-sponsored reforms. Some of the most important reforms was military reforms in which the Ottoman Empire tried to transform their armed forces in the image of many of the European countries. This was because when Selim became the sultan, the Ottoman Empire was fighting another losing war with Austria and Russia. For the sultan and his advisers, the lessons from the war was, if the military doesn’t improve the Ottoman Empire will crumble. Thus Selim III started a “series of reforms designed to reorganize the existing armed forces along European lines”. However one group was suspicious of the reforms, the Janissaries. The Janissaries were the most efficient military unit in the empire. The Janissaries were a slave army that numbered around 40,000 troops. They are known for their discipline, morale, and professionalism. And during times of peace they were used to maintain domestic law and order. So to appease the Janissaries and convince them to accept the new methods, Selim raised their salaries and rebuilt their barracks. However, that just made them more suspicious, and they “successfully resisted his moves toward reform”. Frustrated by this, the sultan tried to sidestep them by creating a new military unit called the Nazam-i Jedid to replace the Janissaries. They were trained...
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...town Pashmakli was given the name Smolyan –it comes from the famous Slav tribe of Smolyan. The united town of Smolyan was created in 1960 through the merger of Smolyan villages Ezerovo, Raikovo and the town Ustovo . Smolyan was old administrative and economic centre , Raikovo - shopping center and Ustovo – a craft place . The population is mixture of Bulgarian ethnic groups and communities - Muslim community of Pomaks , Muslim and Christian community professing the orthodox . From 19th of April after decades Smolyan was erected in the center of Bishop , the head of which was appointed Bishop Anthony . In the town of Smolyan is also located the " Regional Mufti " - Smolyan, which is a permanent regional executive " Chief Mufti " - Sofia. The church "Sv . Duh " –It was built in 1891 on the initiative of George who escaped from Dimotika Uzun and local Christians from rough stone . On the southwest corner of the church is written the year "1891 ." The land on which the church was built was donated by Koliu Gegov . The church is one of the smallest in the middle Rhodopes. It was erected by a semi-cylindrical apse with a narthex and gallery inside . The space is covered with three ceilings. Size 19/11 m Murals - made partly without a system in the side walls and the railing on the balcony. The author is unknown....
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...the First World War.[1] The mandate formalised British rule in the Southern part of Ottoman Syria from 1923–1948. With the League of Nations' consent on 16 September 1922, the UK divided the Mandate territory into two administrative areas, Palestine, under direct British rule, and autonomous Transjordan, under the rule of the Hashemite family from Hijaz Saudi Arabia, in accordance with the McMahon Pledge of 1915.[1]Transjordan was exempt from the Mandate provisions concerning the Jewish National Home.[1][2] The preamble of the mandate declared: Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.[3] The formal objective of the League of Nations Mandate system was to administer parts of the defunct Ottoman Empire, which had been in control of the Middle East since the 16th century, "until such time as they are able...
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