...Nursing Professor Leanna Huscher 02/03/2014 + The Journal article I reviewed was called, “Effect on Behavior Problems of teen online Problem solving for Adolescent Traumatic Brain Injury. This article dealt with teens with traumatic brain injuries and their improvement after the use of (TOPS) Teen online problem-solving. The article also suggests a relationship between parent psychological functioning and communication as a predictor for externalizing behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury. The article explained how the use of (TOPS) improved behavioral problems and parent teen conflict with teens who suffered from (TBI’s) Traumatic Brain injuries. The article stated that the use of teen online problem solving (TOPs) for treatment of teenagers after traumatic brain injury found that, there was a huge improvement in behavior of teens with severe injury and who also where of lower socioeconomic status. The article concluded the results of the reporting of the randomized clinical trial featuring the use of (TOPS) did improve the behavioral outcomes of adolescents with severe TBI’s and behavioral problems externalized and internalized. This article and the report of its findings will be a great benefit, when working with adolescents and their families with evidence based results. These results from the report in the article will assist in finding proper evidence base intervention when working with children affected by TBI’s...
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...In this paper, traumatic brain injuries, the effects on speech and language, and the speech-language pathologist’s role with patients who have suffered a traumatic brain injury will be discussed. A traumatic brain injury is a very common cause of speech and language problems. It is an acquired cause, meaning it is not present at birth. It affects many areas of communication, including cognitive and memory skills, as well as speech and language. A speech-language pathologist plays an important role in these individuals’ lives. Speech-language pathologists are responsible for both the evaluation and the therapy for the patient. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Introduction Numerous research studies have been conducted on the topic...
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...All of this relates back to Judy. During her incident, she received a hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe, a hemorrhage in the occipital horn of the right lateral ventricle, bleeding in the right frontal lobe, and a subdural hematoma in the left temporal lobe, among generalized trauma across the brain (Apps et al., 2010). The primary link to the mesolimbic system in this situation is frontal lobe damage. When Judy became impaired in this specific region she lost the connection between the PFC and the mesolimbic system, in turn resulting in losing the ability to regulate her reward system effectively. Now, when stimuli reach the VTA and DA is swept along the system, strong urges to act on said stimulus do not reach the PFC, the region that relays if...
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...I was asked to research an article over Closed Head-Injuries on young children, and discuss the long term effects. I chose to use brainlinekids.org in referrence to my opinion on close head-injuries and the long term effects that it has on young children. According to brainlinekids.org children who sustain traumatic brain injury can experience significant cognitive deficits. These deficits may significantly impair their functioning in the classroom , resulting in in the need for academic and behavioral modifications. Behavioral and social problems can be the direct and indirect result of brain injury. Difficulties in paying attention, staying on task, and predicting the consequences of actions may be associated with behavioral problems. The article goes on to say that children with head-injuries are more likely to experience Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Some indicted that children and adolescents who experience this injury come from the background of (poor family functioning and economical difficulties). While some results may appear quickly after the injury, and other may not come for monthes sometimes years after the injury. However children and adolescents who suffer more severe head injuries tend to develop behavioral difficulties earlier in their course of recovery than do those who suffer a mild to moderate brain injury. Having experiencing this myself I cannot agree with this article even more. At the age of 13 I was pushed out of a car that was...
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...The lecture explained the acute processes of Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury, with their cellular and vascular vulnerability and finally brain remodeling after stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury. Traumatic Brain Injury is found 1.5 million annually, while stroke figures show 600,000 new or recurrent strokes annually. Strokes are more common in men than women but women have high mortality following a stroke. TBI is usually found in adolescent, young adults, and people over the age of 75. Stroke is defined as a condition wherein the blood flow to the brain is hampered. This leads to the decimation of cells within the brain. It can be of two types ischemic and hemorrhagic. 80% strokes are ischemic while only 20% are hemorrhagic. TBI termed as...
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... Dr. D.L. James Editor-‐in-‐Chief Student Perspectives in Cognitive Neuroscience 1 August 2014 Dear Dr. James, I would like to submit my article entitled, “Recovery from Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Study-‐Susan” for publication as a review article in the Student Perspective in Cognitive Neuroscience. The article traces traumatic brain injury in an eight-‐year-‐old child with a premorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and challenging family environment. With the aid of Luria’s conceptual approach to brain organisation and function, and Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, we are able to gauge the impact of the trauma on brain function and also the long term effects...
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...forgotten. With the advancements in technologies it is up to the authorities and more importantly the people to implement more effective means of safety, education, unyielding policies and severe punishments in order to protect the youth and professional athletes. A concussion is defined as a traumatically induced physiological disruption of brain function with a short period of altered or loss of consciousness, when a concussion occurs the brain is shaken in such a forceful way inside the skull that it causes injury. Concussion rates have doubled in this decade and account for 1 out of 10 of all contact sport injuries (Barton, 2008), the Center for Disease Control (C.D.C) has concluded that concussions in the United States have reached an “epidemic level” and there are between 1.6 and 3.8 million sport related concussions every year (Halstead, 2010) (Lincoln, 2011). Symptoms include but are not limited to confusion, headache, amnesia, nausea, sensitivity to light, double vision, sleep disturbances, loss of consciousness and were reported to be linked to more serious conditions such as, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Participation in high school athletics in the United States has regularly increased over the past 2 decades; there were approximately 7.5 million high school student-athletes in the 2008-2009 school year. As the number of...
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...the forefront of modern sports and soccer is at the top of the list. Athletes, such as soccer players, are at a high risk of head or brain injury and youth soccer leagues, high schools, colleges, and professional leagues alike must take a stand to protect their players. There have been multitudes of recent studies on head and brain injuries in sports and the results are troubling. Jenna McLaughlin states that, “Scientific studies have shown that rates of injury in soccer are comparable to football, ice hockey, lacrosse, and rugby.” When most think of head injuries in sports, soccer seems to slip the minds of those in the conversation. Soccer has a high risk of head injuries that come from player-to-player contact, player-to-ground contact, and player-to-goalpost contact (McLaughlin 1). When looking at the impact of collisions from player-to-player contact, all aspects and possibilities must be considered. Soccer players can collide heads when driving the ball down field, an offensive player could kick a defensive player in the head if that defensive player slides for the ball, and knee-to-head collisions could occur while driving the ball down field. Another contributing factor is the player-to-goalpost contact. This contact is not common, but yet it does happen. When a player dives to block a goal or is pushed toward the goal head injuries occur. Heading the...
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...Throughout the last 10 years the discussion regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussions has been inflamed within the media. Prior to this time little research was conducted regarding various forms of TBI, concussions, and enduring consequences of experiencing a TBI. As a result of the many soldiers returning from the continuing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan with TBI diagnosis, much research has been directed toward this field. A sizeable contributor in the media recognition of the significant impact of TBI and concussions is the popularity of the National Football League (NFL) and college football. Players in various professional and college football leagues have long been experiencing TBI as a result of the contact nature of the...
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...There is a strong chance that you or someone you may know has experienced the unfortunate event of receiving a traumatic brain injury (TBI) or known to most as a concussion. A concussion can be defined as an insult to or deceleration of the head resulting in at least a temporary alteration in consciousness or loss of consciousness of less than 20 minutes, according to Ruben J. Echemendia, editor of the novel Sports Neuropsychology . Experiencing a concussion can possibly lead to temporary problems with memory and balance. Also, receiving multiple concussions can lead to permanent brain damage, for example, chronic traumatic encephalopathy and post concussion syndrome. There are a multitude of ways to experience a TBI, however the most common...
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...I experienced appetite/weight fluctuations; my initial symptoms consisted of vomiting for two weeks, but not long after I gained my weight back and more (the sedentary life did not help). Stigma was another issue— something was “wrong” with me; I was ashamed and embarrassed. These constant symptoms led to uncontrollable thoughts leading myself to contemplate suicide. As Richard (2015) describes, “...adolescents, and adults who sustained a [traumatic brain injury have] a higher risk of suicide...” I had no desire to live any longer... why would it matter? I had nothing to lose anyways; everything I worked for was gone. I was so lost that I had made it far enough to write suicidal letters to each family member—crying while writing them. I wished to die each and every day. I knew deep down I did not want this, but could not control my thoughts. In addition, while driving, I endlessly wished I would be hit by oncoming traffic, hoping the hit was hard enough to kill in an...
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...children a sense of team work and it also gives them responsibility and keeps them busy at the same time. Even though it is good for them in a way, it can also cause tragedy and pain for everyone that is involved in it. Each year the U.S. emergency departments treat and estimated 173,285 sports-and-recreation-related traumatic brain injuries, including concussion, among children from birth to 19 years old, and each year TBIs contribute to a substantial number of deaths and cases of permanent disability (CDC, 2010). With this information in mind, parents, athletes, and coaches have to be very careful when it comes to concussions, a concussion can happen without the knowledge of the person involved and it can show itself right away after the injury or it can take up to days or weeks after it (brainline.org). The Frontal and Temporal lobes are the most affected areas by Traumatic Brain Injury because they are against the most rigid bones, after this traumatic event has occurred, a person is not the same, personality changes, issues with relationships can occur and even interaction is harder (Kelly, 2008). A study that took place between the periods of 1997-2007 reported that an annual average of...
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...McCullough Marc Warren, Samantha Smith, Brandy Schneider, and Herlinda Rahn University of Phoenix Abstract This paper will examine the use of Cognitive Restructuring in regards to Stroke Victims and Adolescent Interventions. It will also identify questions regarding interventions. It is an in depth look into interventions too help assist the victims suffering from stroke and adolescent issues. The paper includes an introduction, in depth analysis of backgrounds and interventions associated with stroke and adolescent behavior, intervention questions, and the conclusion. Cognitive Restructuring Definition The cognitive restructuring theory holds that your own unrealistic beliefs are directly responsible for generating dysfunctional emotions and their resultant behaviors, like stress, depression, anxiety, and social withdrawal, and that we humans can be rid of such emotions and their effects by dismantling the beliefs that give them life. Thought challenging–also known as cognitive restructuring–is a process in which you challenge the negative thinking patterns that contribute to your anxiety, replacing them with more positive, realistic thoughts. The cognitive restructuring model is a proven model in addressing behavioral issues concerning stroke victims and adolescents. Our focus will be addressing the insights into these interventions. Cognitive Interventions for Stroke Victims As most of us know behavioral changes are difficult. But...
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...Literature Review Traumatic brain injuries are inherently complex in that most do not affect only one brain region or circuit but encompass many different dimensions. In the case of Judy, the frontal and temporal lobes are injured along with generalized stress put on most other brain regions as well (Apps, Newby, & Roberts, 2010). This complicates the process of relating individual symptomology to specific isolated causality. Rather traumatic brain injury being a consequence of specific, repeatable action, each incident is a product of its own unique circumstance constructed from many different connections. Due to this, it makes sense to focus on one or a few different areas that have more profound implications on the system than more minor...
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...Margaret Mead once quoted, “children must be taught how to think, not what to think” (Goodreads: Quotes about Education). In this assignment, it will be talking about children with emotional and behavioral disorders, physical disabilities, health impairments, and traumatic brain injury. It will go on to describe what can be done in order to help not only the child, but other students interact with the children who are having a hard time in the classroom. Not all disabilities relate to learning, as some disabilities go as far as behavior. Children are born with these disabilities, and help should be provided in order to ensure that the child is getting the same education as his/her other classmates. This article will go on to explain the different teaching strategies and the determination of the student and teacher in order to cope with disorders. Furthermore, it is apparent that a person goes on to understand the effective teaching strategies for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Some teaching strategies include: “behavior management, do not go into a power struggle with the student in need, try to stay focused on the subject at hand, display proper behavior in a learning environment” (Lecture Notes 7a). It is necessary that the teacher follows the guidelines set out in order to ensure they are giving the student the proper help possible. If the instructor continues to stay on task, the child would be more likely to stay focused and keep trying to reach an...
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