... You will ultimately decide if the “maintain” or the “growth” strategy is the best strategy for Du Pont. To determine the answer you will be asked a series of questions. Some questions are easy and others more difficult but they are all designed to help you to arrive at a solution to this case. While all the information that is needed to answer these questions is provided within the case, here is some additional information that will help you to identify the important problems in this case. Assume that there will be no additional foreign competition. Assume that Du Pont will make available to its competitors at no cost all the necessary information so that the competition can develop the chloride process to use in producing titanium dioxide. Du Pont has also decided that it will no longer restrict the licensing of the ilmenite chloride process. These should help eliminate any threat of antitrust problems. The strategy that Du Pont actually selected may or may not have been the correct one. What is important is how you analyze the problems in the case. Your logic and reasoning when answering the questions asked will determine your grade. In 1972 rates were as follows: 90day commercial paper = 4.6% Longterm treasuries = 6.2% AAA corporate bonds = 7.2% Baa corporate bonds = 7.8% Inflation rate (CPI) = 3.2% Case Format Put only your group’s number and the names of all participating group members on the first page of your report. The answ...
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... Costing Method Evaluation Traditional Costing and Activity Based Costing (ABC) are the two systems we will evaluate in relation to Competition Bikes’ operations. To do so, we will need to look at the advantages and disadvantages of both systems. Costing systems are used to help predict the profitability of a product and help establish the cost of a product correlated to the income it generates. Traditional costing allocates overhead according to the amount of a particular cost driver, for example, how many direct labor hours are required to manufacture a product, while activity based costing looks at each activity and assigns a cost to it. Traditional costing separates costs into direct and indirect categories. The costs of labor or of raw materials would be examples of direct costs. Then, traditional costing divides the total cost of a product by the direct labor cost. This gives us the estimated cost of the product per item. However, increasingly in today’s business environment, the proportion of direct costs have fallen in relation to the proportion of indirect costs. This makes the traditional costing model less effective, especially when used in multi-product production setting, as is the case in Competition Bikes’ re-tooled Carbon Lite and Titanium frame production environment. Also, the traditional costing model does not look at causes of cost, which means this costing model it is more likely to cost an item incorrectly, and...
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...Why do we use sunscreen? Sun poses many dangers to our health, particularly on our skin. The sun releases harmful radiation which can permanently damage the skin and can cause skin cancer, precancerous changes in the skin, as well as premature wrinkling and signs of aging. Apart from these effects it causes the usual sunburn. A sunburn is basically a burn which is caused by too much exposure to the ultraviolet radiation of the sun. Like other burns, sunburns can cause first degree burns, which are the most common type. With a first degree burn, a child's skin will be red and painful, but there will be no blisters. More severe or deep sunburns can lead to second degree burns, with the formation of blisters on the skin, and more rarely, third degree burns. Excessive exposure to sun is bad because of ultraviolet radiation, 90 percent of which comes in the form of Ultraviolet A (UVA) rays that are not absorbed by the ozone layer and penetrate deep into our skin. Ultraviolet B (UVB) rays make up the rest. UVB rays are partially absorbed by the ozone layer, which makes preserving the ozone layer crucial for our health. And because UVB rays don’t penetrate our skin as deeply, they can cause those lobster-red sunburns. Both types of UV rays are thought to cause skin cancer. Some of the possible mechanisms for UV skin damage are collagen breakdown, the formation of free radicals, interfering with DNA repair, and inhibiting the immune system. To prevent this, the most...
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...Drive Cone Cavity INTRODUCTION The drive cone cavity is one of the hottest un-cooled components in the engine. Operating around 900k at 10,000 rpm, the material used in making the drive cone is operating at edge of its safe working temperature changes at these high temperatures. A 10 K rise in shaft temperature can reduce the life of the shaft. The temperature must therefore be predicted to within 10 K or better to guarantee accurate stress predictions. It the thermal model cannot guarantee the 10 K accuracy required, a much shorter component life would have to be declared or alternative materials must be found. This report contains the different type of the materials which can be used to enhance the performance of the drive cone cavity and in order to do so the criteria is sub-divided into four group as shown in figure 1 Key drivers for the selection of the material Fig 1 (Ref: http://www.mtu.de/en/technologies/engineering_news/others/Smarsly_Materials_komp.pdf) Trends in aero-engine materials use As shown in Fig 2 the trends in increase of high temperature materials for gas turbine part. Although there are many monolithic ceramics materials show evidence of fundamental properties, but the main issue is relative to their application in aero engines has been their flaw sensitivity and brittle fracture modes. In addition fibre CMCs are very appealing materials due to (i) their high temperature performance as compared with other super alloys and (ii) their higher...
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...Electroslag Welding Electroslag Welding Electroslag Welding is a welding process, in which the heat is generated by an electric current passing between the consumable electrode (filler metal) and the work piece through a molten slag covering the weld surface. Prior to welding the gap between the two work pieces is filled with a welding flux. Electroslag Welding is initiated by an arc between the electrode and the work piece (or starting plate). Heat, generated by the arc, melts the fluxing powder and forms molten slag. The slag, having low electric conductivity, is maintained in liquid state due to heat produced by the electric current. Electroslag welding (ESW) is a highly productive, single pass welding process for thick (greater than 50 mm) materials in a vertical or close to vertical position. An electric arc is initially struck by wire that is fed into the desired weld location and then flux is added The slag reaches a temperature of about 3500°F (1930°C). This temperature is sufficient for melting the consumable electrode and work piece edges. Metal droplets fall to the weld pool and join the work pieces. Electroslag Welding is used mainly for steels. Electroslag Welding equipments Power source Wire feeder Electrode guide tube Retaining Blocks Welding head and Controls Power source 100 % duty cycle AC and DC (EP) power source 10,000 Amp OCV 60V (range is 30 V to 100 V) Remote controled Wire feeder Feed roller Drive motor Provide oscillation...
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...Non Destructive Test (NDT) X-Ray Advantages of X-Ray X-rays are invisible electromagnetic energy, which is used as a way to get or make images of internal tissues, bones and organs of our body. It is by this process that an expert determines bones of a patient are intact or broken after an accident. Likewise, you can find internal injuries to organs. In addition, X-rays are used to find out whether or not a person has a cancerous tumour. With the increasing technological advances, the dose of the radiation exposure to patients has decreased (www.chem.ucla.edu). X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation which can pass through materials. The X-ray technology is an invaluable tool for medicine, industry, science and security. For example, it can be used to observe the fractured bones and swallowed objects, to monitor the blood flow of patients and to check for cavities. In addition, X-rays can be used to diagnose cancer, kill bacteria in food, detect flaws in machinery or products, analyze the structure of crystals or distant stars and inspect baggage at airports (www.chem.ucla.edu). Now there were more modern medical devices, which process image digitally. This technique automatically selects the parameters of the human organs to be examined (www.chem.ucla.edu). Disadvantages of X-Ray The discovery and immediate use of X-rays and radioactive elements, in the late 19th century and early 20th century brought benefits to science and medicine, but also...
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...Finance 725 Spring 2006 J. E. Hodder Corporation Finance Course Schedule Tuesday, January 17: Introduction Thursday, January 19: Clarkson Lumber Company Reading: Note on Financial Analysis a. How is the company's financial performance? (Examine appropriate financial ratios.) b. Why has Clarkson Lumber borrowed increasing amounts despite its consistent profitability? c. How has Mr. Clarkson met the financing needs of the company during the period 1993 through 1995? Has the financial strength of Clarkson Lumber improved or deteriorated? d. How attractive is it to take trade discounts? Tuesday, January 24: Clarkson Lumber Company (continued) Reading: a. Note on Financial Forecasting b. Note on Bank Loans a. How much of a loan will Mr. Clarkson need to finance the expected expansion in sales to $5.5 million in 1996 and to take all the trade discounts? (Prepare a projected income statement for 1996 and a pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 1996.) b. As Mr. Clarkson’s financial adviser, would you urge him to go ahead with, or to reconsider, his anticipated expansion and plans for additional debt financing? c. As the banker, would you approve Mr. Clarkson’s loan request; and if so, what conditions would you put on the loan? Thursday, January 26: SureCut Shears, Inc. ...
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...Technical Report For Aero Structures – Properties & Performance Version 1.0 approved Prepared by <enter your name> <Organization> <Date created> Table of Contents Table of Contents i Revision History i 1. Repairing a cracked aircraft longeron 1 1.1 Abstract 1 1.2 Introduction 2 1.3 Damage Analysis of the Cracks in Longeron 2 1.4 Conventional Metallic Patch Repair 3 1.5 Bonded/fortified Patch Repair 4 1.6 Repair Design 4 1.7 Testing of the Repair Concept 6 1.8 Inspection of the bonded patch repair 8 1.9 Concluding Remarks 9 1.10 Repair Design Diagrams 10 2. Redesigning the Aircraft Wing 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 How the Structure of an Aircraft being made 14 2.3 Design for Assembly and Manufacturing of Aircraft Wings 15 2.4 Types and Characteristics of Wings Assembly Method 15 2.5 Comparison of Wings Assembly Methods 17 2.6 Selection of Wing Assembly Method 18 2.7 Structural Wing Design & Analysis 18 2.8 Wing Structure (Spar) 19 2.9 Wing Structure (Ribs & Skin) 21 2.10 CFRP Composite Material for Constructing Wing Assembly 22 3. References 24 3.1 Books 24 3.2 Other Sources 24 Revision History Name | Date | Reason For Changes | Version | | | | | | | | | Repairing a cracked aircraft longeron A fighter was found with a fatigue crack on one of its longerons, which may eventually lead to a catastrophic failure. So, here in this report some of the techniques and possibilities...
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...What is Rooting on Android? The Advantages and Disadvantages “What is rooting? Why should I root my Android device?” These are common questions that I get asked quite often. Today’s lesson is to talk to you about both the advantages and disadvantages of rooting your Android devices. But before we get started, a word of caution: rooting or modifying your phone in any way will void your manufacturer’s warranty and possibly “brick” it. What does “bricking” your device mean you ask? Exactly what you think… It means screwing up your phone software so badly that your phone can no longer function properly and is pretty much as useless as a brick. I do not in any way recommend anyone to root their Android device. This article is simply to introduce you to the subject of rooting and present you with both the pro’s and con’s so that you can make an educated decision on your own. *What is Rooting?* “Rooting” your device means obtaining “superuser” rights and permissions to your Android’s software. With these elevated user privileges, you gain the ability to load custom software (ROM’s), install custom themes, increase performance, increase battery life, and the ability to install software that would otherwise cost extra money (ex: WiFi tethering). Rooting is essentially “hacking” your Android device. In the iPhone world, this would be the equivalent to “Jailbreaking” your phone. *Why is it called Rooting?* The term “root” comes from the Unix/Linux...
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...paper, leaving the residue on the impermeable substance/filtrating medium and the filtrate to pass through. | Dissolved solids in liquids Evaporation | If the liquid in the mixture is more volatile (boiling point is lower) than the soluble solid, the soluble solid will remain while the liquid evaporates. The procedure employs the use of an evaporating dish and a Bunsen burner. | Crystallisation | Another method of dissolved solids from a liquid mixture (solution)The impure salt is dissolved in water at a high temperature to create a concentrated solution.The mixture is then cooled and the salt crystallises, leaving the impurity in the solution.This crystallised slat contains much less of the impurity than before. The salt can then be filtered and dried.Sugar cane industry. | Assess separation techniques for their suitability in separating examples of earth materials, identifying the differences in properties which enable these separations Yes, fractional distillation can separate a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen because they have similar (but not the same) boiling points. Could filtration successfully separate sand from a sand-salt mixture? No. Without water the salts in the sand and salt mixture will not separate out via filtration because filtration requires an insoluble solid plus a liquid mixture, which in this case would be salt + water Describe situations in which gravimetric analysis supplies useful data for chemists and other scientists * the process...
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...placed to stabilize broken bones, aiding in allowing the body to heal itself. Internal fixation devices in the past had been made of stainless steel or titanium, but with problems resulting from those permanent devices, an innovative approach is being considered. Bioresorbable implants are a possible replacement to the original implants that would eliminate the need for removal, which has shown to be a problem for traditional implants. The Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO) formed in 1958 to improve and standardize the state of internal fixation. Over time, companies were formed to help the AO vision, with Synthes forming to serve and distribute to North America. Synthes management asked a Harvard Business Team review board to evaluate the potential for moving forward with bioresorbable internal fixation devices. The purpose of this case was to see how feasible and beneficial it would be for Synthes to enter the bioresorbables market. B. Extent of Demand In 2000, internal fixation device sales were near 541.5 million dollars, with an additional 5% annual growth. In cases of trauma where there was damage that required aligning bones, most often internal fixation devises were needed. Some of the parts included in this were plates, rods and screws. The use of the stainless steel or titanium products was vital to surgeons. They were also had a feasible price. The need from bioresorbables came from the implants needing to be removed. The...
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...[Energy Efficient Material as 3D Printing Supplies] Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Background…………………………………………………………… 1.2 Definition of Terms…………………………………………………… 1.3 Objective……………………………………………………………… 1.4 Overview……………………………………………………………… 2. Needs for Energy Efficient Materials 2.1 Contemporarily Used Materials……………………………………… 2.2 Reason for Energy Efficient Materials……………………………… 3. Properties and Development of Energy Efficient Materials 3.1 Properties…………………………………………………………… 3.2 Development………………………………………………………… 4. Advantages and Disadvantages of 3D Printing Energy Efficient Supplies Compared to Conventional Materials 4.1 Advantages…………………………………………………………… 4.2 Disadvantages………………………………………………………… 5. Opportunities for the Development of Energy Efficient Materials in 3D Printing 6. Recommended Solutions to Deal with Challenges for Energy Efficient Materials in 3D Printing 7. Conclusion 8. References 3 Energy Efficient Material as 3D Printing Supplies 1. Introduction 1.1 Background The 3D printing technology has become popular nowadays (Sharma, 2013). This technology has made it possible for mankind to produce almost everything they can imagine. Furthermore, since the energy efficient material is a new concept that has been developed in recent years, a discussion on the potential application of those materials in this additive manufacturing method appears to be necessary. 1.2 Definition of Terms As the first issue of this essay, some key terms should be...
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...Anthocyanin from Basella alba (Alugbati) stems as light-accumulators for making of dye-sensitized solar cells ________________________ An Investigatory Project Presented to Association of Science Educators of the Philippines (ASEP) in cooperation with Department of Education (DepEd) ________________________ As an Entry to the 2014 REGIONAL SCIENCE QUEST (Regional Level – Physical Science Team – Private Schools Category) ________________________ Proponents Dan Carlos C. Calubaquib Lisa Marielle S. Tagasa Rea Melissa P. Espiritu EFREN PAZ Research Adviser ________________________ Roosevelt College Science High School Sumulong Highway Cainta, Rizal November 2014 ACKNOWLEGDEMENT We would like to thank our parents for their nonstop support during our research project. Thank you for Mr. and Mrs. Tagasa for letting us stay at their house to do our experiments in the middle of the night. Thanks you for Mrs. Espiritu for helping us to find Indium Tin Oxide, which is essential to our study. And last but not the least, thank you for Ms. Corpuz for helping us to find the chemicals we needed. To our friends that encouraged us to continue. Thank you for Austin Kinn Rubin for giving us a piece of advice on what would be the best thing to do for our research. And to the entire Batch 10, we thank you for the support you gave. To our teachers that taught us how to think and not what to think. To Ms. Luzita Alcid, our principal, who helped us defend our study better. To our research...
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...very large aircraft (VLCT aircraft seating more than 400 passengers) saw only two competitors: Boeing and Airbus. Even though both competitors’ moves were clearly marked by technology enhancements, and different target markets but both exhibited strategic interdependence. Option with Boeing: Boeing being the market leader for almost a decade as a manufacturer of large commercial aircraft and had also reached economies of scale, the need to sustain its market share it presumed that “customers might demand for new”. Any potential growth was only through taking super leap and making VLCT jumbo aircraft which needed huge investment beyond Boeing’s financial reach (that too for an uncertain future market) Boeing had the technology advantage over airbus because Boeing had already tested and launched Boeing 747 (a large passenger carrier). Only stretch of design was needed to build up “jumbo dream line VLCT aircraft”. But being a private firm and not state run the kind of investment required to develop new carrier and also the uncertainty of the future market were problems. It had the option to continue to manufacture famous “Boeing 747” and not go for VLCT Jumbo. But the VLCT superjumbo was a strategic commitment of more than average interest because of its sheer size, irreversibility and potential impact on industry structure if nothing goes bad. VLCT was seen as a potential to reduce congestion at airports as maintenance cost at airports is high and flight delays due to...
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...industrial applications. ECAP processing can also be applied to different materials, composites, metals, alloys and various other metal-matrix composites with improved qualities. Presently, different industrial sectors like automobile, aerospace and military equipments are giving specific importance to light weight metals and alloys for mechanical processing of the various products. The property of lightness translates directly to the material property enhancement for many products since by far the greatest weight reduction is achieved by decrease in density. In order to reduce the weight of different components and structures some light metal are used in the making of industrial products. Some of these light metals are aluminium, magnesium, titanium and beryllium. This is quite expected since specific strength becomes one of the most important desired properties and is easier to be achieved due to the low densities of such materials. Of these alloys, Aluminium (Al) is the 3rd most profuse element in the earth's crust, a total up to 9% of the earth's crust, making it the most plentiful of all metals. The one of the major user of aluminium alloys is in the transportation industry. Car and truck manufacturers use SPD processed aluminium alloys because they are strong, but lightweight. Another important use of aluminium alloys is in the packaging industry. Aluminium foil, drink cans, paint tubes, and containers for home products are all made of aluminium alloys. Other uses of aluminium...
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