...Booker T. Washington and Tuskegee Institute In this book Booker T, Washington expresses his ideas about the plight of the African Americans on top of infusing ideas on their empowerment through education. The book entails also ideas he expressed in his speeches and letters which highlight his enigmatic, complex views, as the leader of the black minority group. It is also a recount of the liberation struggles and inner life of the black community which has grown from slavery, struggled to get educated and economic empowerment and more so assimilation in the American society. Washington’s ideas here expressed forging the relationship between the African Americans and whites in the South. However, by careful analysis of the views expressed, serious issues arise as per as his programme of reconciliation of the South, where the whites educate the blacks, highlighting silence and submission on the part of Negroes as opposed to fight for political and civil activism, pointed to his myopic vision. This was unknowingly a way of selling the blacks rights in the hope the same whites who had oppressed them for many years and hampered their humane progress, would help them (Moore, 2003). This is not to mean the ideas he expressed were all negative. He had good ideas for the black community needed to be polished by other black scholars and leaders to acculturate them in the American society. Washington shares his views where he internalizes values got from his godfather (Armstrong)...
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...Up From Slavery Throughout my life I have heard that a person’s success or failure in life is based on how they were raised. When one looks at American slavery, it seems as if the life of a slave would never turn out to be great due to the horrors of being held captive by the system of slavery. But in spite of how terrible a person’s upbringing may have been, I believe that anyone can be successful in life by faith, hard work, and perseverance. Up From Slavery by Booker T. Washington is a great example of how anyone can succeed in life. When I think of the title of Mr. Washington’s autobiography, I think about a slave who decided to forget the past, and press onward to a higher place in life. Consider this quote by Booker T. Washington: “When persons ask me in these days how, in the midst of what sometimes seem hopelessly discouraging conditions, I can have such faith in the future of my race in this country, I remind them of the wilderness through which and out of which, a good Providence has already led us” (Booker T. Washington, 578). I find this quote by Booker T. Washington to be profound considering the circumstances he was in at the time. Mr. Washington had all odds stacked against him as a youth that could have hindered his progress and growth in life. He described the beginnings of his life as being miserable, with disfavored surroundings. He was born a slave; he didn’t know his father; his mother hardly had time to provide any kind of training for him and...
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...Stephanie Moore Mrs. Christenson AP Lang-Period 5 29 November 2012 If someone was to ask you, what do you identify yourself as, what would you say? Would you say you are American, foreign, black, and white, etc.? In my opinion, being an American is only half of my identity. I Identify myself as a young, strong African American woman striving to make it in this stereotypical, unfair nation we call a country. Being an American means to come together as one, a “melting pot” and being proud of your country, or patriotism. Although I am an American, I am also a young African American girl who is not only considered a minority, but also trying to keep up with this ever changing, corrupt society. Being an American means coming together and taking pride in your country. Some describe our country as a melting pot; others would beg to differ, considering how different our country is as far as cultures and ethnicities. We may be one as a country physically, but mentally we are not. Mentally, we all see ourselves differently through our cultures and ethnicities. Different cultures come to America every day from across the globe. People, who are very close to their culture or religions, will only associate with those who have the same beliefs as them. For example, if someone practices Christianity, they would separate themselves, or refrain from associating with those who are atheists. This is only because Christians feel that they should only associate with those who are Christians...
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...Bad Boys Ann Arnett Ferguson spent 3 years gathering research on African American youth in the school and how Adults, society, and the educational system views them. The superiors of these kids have a wrongfully prejudice conceptualization of them, more specifically the boys. Observations and stories of individual students help Ferguson make connections and find the underlying source of these kids’ preconceived notions to Adults and more importantly themselves. “In the course of course of my study it became clear that school labeling practices and the exercise of rules operated as part of a hidden curriculum to marginalize and isolate black male youth in disciplinary spaces and brand them as criminally inclined” Ann Arnett Ferguson, Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity (University of Michigan, 2000) p2. Adultification does not have a simple definition. Ferguson theorized this idea while observing different kids during her case study. The term adultification describes the developmental process of youth and how outlying factors such as social and communal values are absorbed by kids. There is a prejudice that these observed teacher hold of these kids. These teachers use how the media portrays African American males to justify their views about all African American kids. This adultification is a distraction from the fact that they are kids, not criminals. “Adultification is visible in the way African American elementary school pupils are talked about by...
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...Booker T. Washington “Up from Slavery” I detected a message in the first chapter of “Up from Slavery” other than the horrors of slavery, even though that message was painfully clear. The other message that I detected is that a shallow and indulgent existence deprives a person of developing rugged individualism, character and common sense. I felt this because of the sentences, “the black man got nearly as much out of slavery as the white man did. The hurtful influences of the institution were not by any means confined to the Negro.” “The slave system on our place, in a large measure, took the spirit of self-reliance and self-help out of the white people. My old master had many boys and girls, but not one, so far as I know, ever mastered a single trade or special line of productive industry.” The slaves seemed to possess a deeper sense of self and spirituality and realized that kindness toward other human beings and honor were more rewarding than material things. I was very surprised and awed by the fact that even though the slaves were provided with abhorrent living conditions and often endured immense cruelty at the hands of their masters, they still felt love and kindness towards them and they showed compassion towards the whites when they themselves fell upon hard times. One passage that confirms the importance of honor and the feeling of compassion is “In fear of “Yankee” invasions, the silverware and other valuables were taken from the “big house,” buried...
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...The “N-Word” The use of the “n-word” in hip-hop culture and among the Black community has continually caused turmoil between groups who believe that is a form of liberation and those who believe that it is continuing the oppression that the minority is already faced with. In history, there have been many groups of people who have been discriminated against, and labeled with a derogatory term by a higher power. Any group of individuals around the world has been represented by terms such as these. What many fail to recognize is that these terms are only words, and only carry weight and charge because as a society we allow them to. The appropriation of the “n-word” within the hip-hop and black community has lessened the charged of the word while allowing the community, whether an individual agrees to use it or not, to acknowledge the history of the word and still live outside of its shadow in the present. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary the word “nigger: is defined as “a black person,” and “members of any dark-skinned race” (Himma 512). Obviously, this definition seems oppressive as it is a racial slur toward a particular race, and has come under much controversy for not being changed. The NAACP has even suggested that it be redefined, but to no avail. The dictionary makes similar attacks toward gay men, defining them as “faggots” (Himma 512). The debate for that and other slurs that appear in this dictionary are all the same, and will bring up more controversy...
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...Alexus Harris January 26, 2010 History 114 2:00 - 2:30 p.m Willie Lynch Letter: The Making of a Slave In the first paragraph of the Willie Lynch Letter introduction, he started thanking the men of the colony of Virginia for inviting him to the bank of the James River. Mr. Lynch was making the men of the plantation think that, installing the chip into the slaves will make everything run easily. He also stated that if the chip were implant into the minds of slaves, Ancient Rome would envy us as black people. Personally, I think the only reason that the Ancient Rome will envy us as slaves, because we let a method of the chip control our mind, body, soul, values, and beliefs. Mr. Lynch also stated that negative differences are better then positive differences. Just think about it. Why? Would Distrust be better then Trust, this is setting our slaves up to be lynch in my eyes. As a slave, you want freedom so; you are going to want your master to trust you so that you can escape. Mr. Lynch finally, said that over time if you constantly used the method for one year, then slaves will already no what they are expecting to perform. In the paragraph “Let’s Make a Slave,” it was focusing on the process of man breaking and slave making. This means that installing the chip into our black men will allow them to become more of a servant that helps the white man lynch other slaves. It also focused on human nature, and slave nature. Human nature...
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...Mario Holley June 20, 2008 SPCH 1315- M. Lewis Topic: Do we still need Black History Month General Purpose: To Persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to view black history month as more than just a small lesson. That black history is not just for blacks, that it’s more than a month, and how it’s everyone’s history. Central Idea: Black history has been single out to one month as a way to make sure that blacks are remembered in history. Blacks has always been apart of history. Therefore is it reasonable to set a side just one month to illustrate the participation of blacks in our countries history? Introduction I. In Media That Matters Film Festival, August 2005, tittles A Girl Like Me by Kiri Davis a 17-year-old film student of Manhattan’s Urban Academy a doll test was duplicated. Kiri Davis who participated in the Reel Works Teen Filmmaking program, a free after-school program was supported by cable network HBO. A. In this documentary a female voice asks the child a question: “Can you show me the doll that looks bad?” The child, a preschool-aged Black girl, quickly picks up and shows the Black doll over a White one that is identical in every respect except complexion. B. Why does that look bad?” “Because she’s Black,” the little girl answers emphatically. “And why is this the nice doll?” the voice continues. “Because she’s White.” “And can you give me the doll that looks like you?” The little girl hesitates for a split...
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...Cultural diversity is the assortment of cultures and societies we have, either within a city, region, or the world itself. In this adaptation of “A Raisin in the Sun” there were many cultures. The black women and the black men, the African American race as a whole, the rich white society, the have culture and have not so much culture. The diversity between the African American family and the Nigerian gentlemen Joseph who is interested in Beneatha and George shows that there are different black cultures and societies. Those being rich, foreign and those that have been here for generations and not been able to or have the opportunity to rise out of the situations they were brought into the world in. Benefits that Lena sees are the memories she has and the money coming and how it can change things even if just a little. But as the day goes on she sees that there is a strain on the household because of the money, and it is mainly her son. Walter sees everything as a drawback, how black people are treated, how they do not get the opportunities like white people and how they end up with service jobs, and he isn’t wrong for this time period. He sees his whole life as a draw back and the only benefit is the money his mama is getting in the mail. Because he is so blinded by his want to be wealthy and live better he trusts the wrong person with money his mother gave him; and money that was not just for him. Lena trusts her son, which ends up being a drawback because he loses it all to...
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...DuBois to the idea of Black nationalism in the United States. What were the major obstacles they faced in their articulation of the black Nationalist ideology? Booker T. Washington “was an American political leader, educator and author” who proved to be one of the most dominate figures in African American history in the United States (Booker, par. 1). William Edward Burghardt Du Bois “was a noted scholar, editor, and African American activist…[who] sought to eliminate discrimination and racism” (.. During the late 19th and early 20th century Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois were two great men who significantly influenced the idea of Black Nationalism in the United States. Though they both wanted to see an America where the Negro was treated with proper respect and equality, their views on how to obtain these noble goals contrasted one another. The ideology of DuBois and Washington were so completely different that people became subjected to following the doctrine of one or the other. With the knowledge that only one could be the “spokesman” for the race the two began a bitter battle to control the Black Nationalism ideology. Amid the competition against one another, both men still had to face other obstacles such as racism in order to further the goals of blacks of the period. Even though the two men had differing opinions on the ideology of Black Nationalism, both would greatly contribute to the idea of Black Nationalism. However, their differing positions on...
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...daughter, who watched the progress of the trial and being a lawyer's daughter did not fail to feel the atmosphere in the court-room and see the futility of her father's efforts to win the case. It is Atticus's speech to the jury that takes up the best part of the text. Moved by his sympathy for the black man and his desire to stand for his rights Atticus spoke most convincingly and with a great emotional force. He pointed it out to the jury that the case was simple enough. Having thoroughly considered every piece of the evidence submitted Atticus exposed the false testimony of the witnesses and proved that the defendant was innocent while the guilt lay with the white girl, the chief witness for the state. It was she who had tempted the Negro thus breaking the code of the society she lived in. Next she would throw the blame on Tom Robinson thus putting his life at stake. Atticus condemned Tom Robinson's accusers for their hypocrisy in that they counted on the prejudiced attitude towards the black men. He characterized the assumption that the Negroes are basically immoral as a groundless and deliberate lie and claimed there was no such thing as moral superiority of one race over another. Then he referred to the notorious statement of Thomas Jefferson about all men being created equal. He cautioned against using the...
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...Assignment 2: Harlem Renaissance Poets Demetria Davenport HUM 112 Dr. Jeff Kersh Countee Cullen (1903-1996) “Heritage” (1925) What is Africa to me: Copper sun or scarlet sea, Jungle star or jungle track, Strong bronzed men, or regal black Women from whose loins I sprang When the birds of Eden sang? One three centuries removed From the scenes his fathers loved, Spicy grove, cinnamon tree, What is Africa to me? So I lie, who all day long Want no sound except the song Sung by wild barbaric birds Goading massive jungle herds, Juggernauts of flesh that pass Trampling tall defiant grass Where young forest lovers lie, Plighting troth beneath the sky, So I lie, who always hear, Though I cram against my ear Both my thumbs, and keep them there, Great drums throbbing through the air, So I lie, whose fount of pride, Dear distress and joy allied, Is my somber flesh and skin, With the dark blood dammed within Like great pulsing tides of wine That, I fear, must burst the fine Channels of the chafing net Where they surge and form and fret. Africa? A book one thumbs Listlessly, till slumber comes, Unremembered are the bats Circling through the night, her cats Crouching in the river reeds, Stalking gentle flesh that feeds, By the river brink; no more Does the bugle throated roar Cry that monarch claws have leapt From the scabbards where they slept, Silver snakes that once a year Doff the lovely coats you wear, Seek no covert in your fear Lest...
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...The new girl The new girl is a short story written by the author … The story starts out in prospect street a lower middle class white neighborhood where we hear of the two kids, the narrator at the age of eight and Allison at the age of ten. One day while riding their bikes on a warm sunny day they spot the new girl, the new girl just moved in with her family, the new family is of African American heritage. The narrator is the first one to see the new girl and greets her with kindness by smiling, the new girl positively responds by smiling back at him to. Allison refuses greet the new girl and says “get out of here nigger” Allison has this attitude towards the new girl because her mother has convinced her that black people are stupid and should not be allowed in the house because “niggers” will destroy it At first the narrator seems to like the girl and wants to get to know her because him Allison are the only two kids in the neighborhood, but when Allison starts to show this hatred towards the new girl he joins her and starts saying that niggers are stupid. Firstly, the boy seems to like the girl, but after Allison shows of her hatred against her, he says that niggers are stupid. The black girl wants to play with them, but after Allison says she don’t play with niggers the little girl immediately rushes inside. However, she still watches them behind her curtains from inside the house. Even though it never was confirmed, the boy expected the girl’s mother to be mad at them...
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...One of the greatest intellectual battles U.S. history was the legendary disagreement between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. This intellectual debate sparked the interest of the Northerners as well as the racist whites that occupied the south. This debate was simply about how the blacks, who just gained freedom from slavery, should exist in America with the white majority. Even though Washington and DuBois stood on opposite sides of the fence they both agreed on one thing, that it was a time for a change in the treatment of African Americans. Booker T. Washington warned blacks that in order to earn the respect and equality from the white population, we must be prepared to start at the bottom. He meant starting at the bottom in jobs such as elementary teachers instead of college professors and manual laborers instead of CEO’s so we could earn the respect of whites. Washington knew that making strong demands wouldn’t get the black race anywhere, so becoming friends and earning the respect of whites seemed like a better option to him because it seemed to have better results. On the other hand, Washington recognized existing equally with whites wouldn’t be a simple task. Washington was often looked at as an “Uncle Tom” because of the things he did, such as advising blacks to remain in the South and to avoid politics and protest in favor of economic self-help and industrial education. W.E.B. DuBois was more popular among blacks compared to those views of Booker...
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...SHAJI THOMAS ASSISTANT PROFESSOR P G DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PAVANATMA COLLEGE IDUKKI,KERALA EFFECTS OF BLACK MONEY ON INDIAN ECONOMY ABSTRACT: Black money is one of the hot topics of discussion now a days in our country. The black economy represents not less than one fifth of the aggregate economic transactions. Black money results in the functioning of a parallel economy. In India, black money refers to funds transacted in the black market, on which income and other taxes have not been paid. It practices those activities which are contrary to the principles of economic policy pursued in an economy. Therefore it is called illegal economic operation. It is well-known that there is a large quantity of money, income and wealth which has been unaccounted in our tax system and therefore, has not suffered tax. Black money can also be termed as production of goods and services whether done legally or illegally but which is not taken into account for the official estimation of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) because it is neither detected by the authorities nor is declared by its creators. Key words: Black money, Parallel Economy, Income and Wealth, Tax system, GDP INTRODUCTION Black money in economic terms means 'unrecorded gains'. Black money refers to funds earned on the black market, on which income and other taxes have not been paid. This underground, unrecorded and irregular hoarding of wealth in any form is what is said to be running a shadow economy or Black...
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