...1“Describe how climate affects your selected ecosystem?” The tropical rainforest is extremely important to the earth's climate. It affects temperatures worldwide, since as the name suggests, there is a lot of rainfall as a result of the forest's existence. The tropical rainforest aids in maintaining a somewhat stable weather habit and reduced global warming effects. This is why the clearing out of the rainforest has been extremely detrimental to the earth's climate the forest's rainfall helps reduce global warming, and without it, temperatures will continue to increase. The climate of the tropical rainforest itself is typically humid, warm, and the temperature rarely changes from daytime to nighttime. The extreme humidity causes the average rainfall each year to be around 200 cm. This type of warm temperature that ranges anywhere from 70 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal for lush growth and is very supportive of life and growth. The fact that the tropical rainforest supports great growth and life is an extremely important reason for humans to not destroy it. Species continue to become endangered and even extinct, so it is our responsibility to protect their habitat and growth as much as possible, not only for their sake, but for our own too. 2 “Explain, based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, how energy flows through your selected ecosystem?” The Tropical Rain Forest, nowhere on earth, or ecosystem for that matter, has a richer and more blossoming...
Words: 1764 - Pages: 8
...Air and Water Pollutions Andrew Binder ENV/100 March 17th, 2014 Barbara Plourde Air and Water Pollutions Skin rashes, eye and throat irritation, emphysema, typhoid fever, and cancer are a few health issues that have been connected to water and air pollution. Pollution is defined as the releasing of harmful products or substances into the environment (Webster Dictionary, 2013). Pollution causes negative changes in the environment that effect plant and animal life, sources of water, and the ozone layer. Nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide are two types of air pollutants. Pesticides and waste run- off from factories, refineries, and waste treatment facilities are two types of water pollutants. Primary and Secondary Air Pollutants There are two types of air pollutants primary and secondary. Gas and other hydrocarbon fuels in combustible engines produce primary pollutants like nitrogen oxide (Pearson- Education, 2014). When there is sunlight, nitrogen oxide combines with hydrocarbons. When they combine they form secondary pollutants, (Pearson- Education, 2014). Nitrogen oxide also reacts to oxygen to form a secondary pollutant called nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide colors the air and blends with other chemicals and atmospheric water vapors to create smog. Primary air pollutants enter the atmosphere directly through natural processes or human activities (Berg & Hager, 2009). Nitrogen oxide enters directly into the atmosphere from combustible engines it is considered...
Words: 1090 - Pages: 5
...Air and Water Pollution Dimetrious Jones ENV/100 October 24, 2012 Katherine Fiegel Air and Water Pollution The two major elements that are essential to the survival of any living organism are clean water and air. Pollution is a major threat to these elements which in turn has made water and air pollution serious problems that are endangering the lives of people worldwide. Pollution is caused by contaminants being introduced into an environment which have very harmful effects on the environment as a whole. Most of the pollution that ends up in the environment is a result of human actions, but there are some instances were pollution is caused by natural disasters. Pollution can have a very devastating effect on virtually every living organism within any environment that has become contaminated with pollutants. Primary and Secondary Air Pollutants Most forms of air pollutants fall into two major categories which are primary and secondary. Primary air pollutants are those that are emitted directly form a source, this could be the smoke from the exhaust pipe of a car or the gases emitted from the burning of coal (www.greenfacts.org). Secondary air pollutants are those that are not emitted directly but are formed by the interaction of primary pollutants with the atmosphere (www.greenfacts.org). Sulphur dioxide (S02) is a primary air pollutant that occurs most often when coal is burned in thermal energy plants. Sulphur dioxide is one form of air pollution among...
Words: 1274 - Pages: 6
...| Air and Water Pollution | Environmental Science | | Air and water pollution has become a very important problem that has to start being resolved. Although this isn’t something that can be resolved over night it is a problem that can slowly but surely improve a little at a time. The two types of air pollutants I have chosen are carbon monoxide and lead. These are both pollutants that harm our air majorly and need to be reduced. The two types of water pollutants I chose are surface water and groundwater pollution. All of these pollutants need to be more well-known that way each individual can do their part to help protect our environment. One type of a common air pollutant is carbon monoxide (CO). This is the type of pollution that occurs when combustion process. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas that is more common in urban areas. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, “CO can cause harmful health effects by reducing oxygen delivery to the body's organs (like the heart and brain) and tissues. At extremely high levels, CO can cause death.” [ (Carbon Monoxide, 2012) ] This pollutant can be modified as either a primary or secondary pollutant. It is a primary because it can directly enter the air as a harmful substance. It can also be a secondary because it can also be created by the combustion process. Air pollution has a lot to do with greenhouse gases and our environment. When fuels are burned some of the pollutants...
Words: 765 - Pages: 4
...Air and Water Pollution Jennilee Stieber ENV/100 February 24th, 2014 Jennifer Lake Air and Water Pollution Air and water are a necessity for all living things. There are naturally occurring and man based pollutants that effect the air that we breathe and the water we drink. Pollution is changing the world we live in, and understanding our pollutants helps us come to a better solutions and a future for our environment. Carbon oxides are air pollutants that are the gasses carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Both are colorless, odorless, tasteless, and are considered primary pollutants (Berg & Hager, 2009). Primary pollutants are emitted into the air directly by the sources. Carbon monoxide’s main source is vehicle exhaust, and other sources include from incomplete combustion. Carbon dioxide is released naturally through volcano eruptions and respiration. Some human activities that contribute to the production of carbon dioxide are deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels, such as oil and coal ("Global Climate Change", 2014). Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming by trapping in the heat from the sun in the troposphere and stratosphere, which leads to the whole Earth warming up. Carbon monoxide spreads in the troposphere, prevents other polluting gases to be release from the atmosphere and contributes to smog (2014). Particle matter is an air pollutant that consists of dust particles, lead, and sulfuric acid. There are solid and liquid particles...
Words: 932 - Pages: 4
...Air and Water Pollution Paper Air and water pollution is a big deal in our environment. The two types of air pollution that I have decided to talk about are nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide. These are both very prominent in our environment. These pollutants can either be primary or secondary pollutants. A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source that retains some chemical form. A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such but forms when other pollutants react in the atmosphere. Nitrogen dioxide is both a primary and secondary pollutant. It is a primary pollutant because besides oxygen is a main gas that frequents our atmosphere. It is a secondary pollutant because it is formed by the oxidation of nitric oxide, which is produced by traffic and fossil fueled power stations. The second air pollutant that I am discussing is carbon dioxide. It is considered a primary pollutant because it is already present in our atmosphere but it does become toxic when additional releases cause it to rise about its natural concentrations. The rise in carbon dioxide levels is one of the contributing factors to the greenhouse effect. The sources of primary pollutants are called mobile sources also known as transportation these include cars, trucks etc. The other source of pollutants is known as industry or stationary which includes power plants, industrial sites etc. The most prominent gases in the atmosphere are nitrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen at 78% and...
Words: 795 - Pages: 4
...Air and Water Pollution Paper Since the industry revolution, environmental pollution has gradually become a global problem. It looks set to hog the limelight in this century. Almost all the countries suffer from such problem and are struggling to keep their heads over the water. This essay will cover two types of air pollutants and two water pollutants that affect our health. Air: (Indicate whether the selected air pollutants are considered primary or secondary pollutants. Be sure to explain why they are considered to be primary or secondary, and discuss the sources of these pollutants) (Examine the selected water pollutants. Discuss the sources of these pollutants, and indicate the impact of these pollutants on water resources and aquatic life) Air pollution is something in the air that causes harm to humans or the environment. There are many different forms of air pollutants and these are broken down further into primary and secondary pollutants. A primary pollutant is something that stems directly from a source such as volcanic ash or vehicle emissions. A secondary pollutant forms when two pollutants react in the atmosphere such as acid rain. Most air pollution comes from one human activity: burning fossil fuels, natural gas, coal, and oil to power industrial processes and motor vehicles. Among the harmful chemical compounds this burning puts into the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and tiny solid particles including...
Words: 1252 - Pages: 6
...Air and Water Pollution Paper Deleta Johnson ENV/100 September 3, 2013 Dr. Willie Frazier Pollution is the contamination of substances so that they are unfit for an intended use. Waste materials from people, animals, and industries pollute water. Air can become polluted from smoke and dust and from automobile exhaust gases. This paper will be discussing two types of water and air pollutants and analyze their effect on the environment and human life. Air pollution occurs when wastes dirty the air. Nitrogen Oxide and Carbon Oxide is two of the air pollutants that have problems with pollution in society today. These two air pollutants fall in the category of primary pollutants. I believe that these two pollutants are primary pollutants because when nitrogen oxide is inhaled by individuals it can cause serious health problems such as asthma. Nitrogen oxide is let out and exposed into the air it can harm the growth of the plants and crops. As a result the farmers lose quantities of food that are being grown. Carbon oxide is an odorless, colorless, and tasteless gas. Human beings and animals inhale oxygen and exhale the carbon dioxide that is produced by oxidizing food in their bodies. “Green plants take carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen when light shines on them. In the light, plants combine carbon dioxide with water to make food.” (Sorensen,2013) Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and extremely poisonous gas. Because it has no odor or color...
Words: 1022 - Pages: 5
...Water and Air Pollution There are many pollutants within the world today. These pollutants cause many problems within the environment from causing deformations, death, miscarriages, and many other problems. These pollutants can harm the air or water in the ecosystem and cause many problems. There are many types of pollutants and those are anything in the environment that does not belong. These pollutants can be anything from burning fossil fuels, spraying pesticides, toxic chemicals being released into the water, and trash loose in the ocean. These types of pollutants have different effects on the environment and can do different things. There are two types of air pollution; these are primary and secondary pollutants. The primary air pollutants are emitted right into the air from a source. These can come from anything that burns fossil fuels. These are car burn fossil fuels and create carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere which contributes the harm of the ozone layer creating the green house gasses. This is caused mainly because there is a incomplete combustion of the gasses leaving the gas in a state in which it is difficult to change. The carbon dioxide does not only come from car emissions but also the transportation activities, electricity, and industry emissions. These all release emissions into the atmosphere through burning fossil fuels which is where they get the energy they need to function. There are other types of air pollutions as well. Secondary...
Words: 1214 - Pages: 5
...WATER DROPLETS= Water droplets in cloud are tiny, to light to fall, 1000’s must collide to form a heavy enough drop to fall DRIZZLE= Fine water droplets, 0.040-0.5mm Diameter RAIN= Consists of falling water droplets, 0.5-5mm Diameter, larger drops, break into pieces as they fall through the air FREEZING RAIN=When raindrops are close to freezing, strike a cold object near ground, the drops freeze instantly SNOW= Water vapor crystalizes on tiny particles of dust/smoke, forms when air/water vapor is below 0 degrees ICE PELLETS (SLEET)= When snow falls through warm layers of air, partially melts, then falls through layers of air below 0 degrees, results in beads of ice, hard enough to bounce on cold ground WET SNOW= When dry snow falls through warm air, melting all snow crystals, but are still water droplets on the snow, sticky PACKED SNOW= Best for igloos HAIL= frozen raindrops move up and down in active thunderclouds, grow larger each time an updraft raises them through cold water droplets, hailstone has 20 layers of ice FROST= when air temperature is below freezing, water molecules turn directly into a solid forming frost WEATHER SYSTEMS= Important to understand weather pattern in N. America AIR MASS= Large body of air, temperature/moisture is uniform, if air above ground/ocean does not move for a day, the air is influenced by that location CONTINENTAL POLOR AIR MASS= N. Canada, air mass above ocean is cold/dry MARITIME TROPICAL AIR MASS=...
Words: 1164 - Pages: 5
...INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 1.1 INTROCTION TO AIR COMPRESSOR Compressors are power consuming thermodynamic device which convert mechanical energy into head or pressure energy. An air compressor, as the name indicates, is a machine to compress the air and to raise its pressure. The air compressor sucks air from the atmosphere, compresses it and then deliverers the same under a high press ore to a storage vessel. From the storage vessel, it may be conveyed by the pipeline to a place where the supply of compressed air is required. Since the compression of air requires some work to be done on it, there a compressor must be driven by some prime mover. Fig-1.1 Air Compressor 1.2 Classification of Air Compressor The air compressor may be classified in many ways, but the following are importance from the subject point of view. 1. According to working a. Reciprocating compressor b. Rotary compressor 2. According to action a. Single acting compressor b. Double acting compressor 3. According to number of stage c. Single stage compressor d. Multistage compressor 4. According pressure e. Low pressure whose final pressure does not exceed 10 bar f. Medium pressure with range of 10 bar to 80 bar g. High pressure with range 80 bar to 1000 bar. 5. According capacity...
Words: 4663 - Pages: 19
...purpose of this lab was to design, mix, and test a specimen of concrete based on a specified strength, and the ingredients used in the testing were cement, air, water, sand, and stone. There was a batch of concrete design to reach the maximum of 5000 psi. The concrete mix designed was done from ASTM ACI 211 Chapter 6. To determine the slump and air content ASTM C143 and C231 were used. To calculate the unit weight and making curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory ASTM C138 and C192 were used for these different test. Once the test specimens were completely equipped they were covered for a period of time and additional testing was done. Results Concrete Mix Design |Material |SG |Design Wt.(pcy) |Vol. (ft^3) |MC % |Abs. % | |Cement |3.15 |763 |763 |3.88 |782 | |Water |1 |305 |292.04 |4.68 |299 | |Stone |2.6 |1738 |1738 |10.71 |1780 | |Sand |2.3 |884 |884 |6.17 |905 | |Air | |5% |3.4% |0.92 | | | | | ...
Words: 1127 - Pages: 5
...If more than one zone is served by a CAV system, the supply air is cooled at a central location to meet the need of the zone with highest demand. The other zones get overcooled or, if comfort is to be maintained, the air is reheated at the terminal units. CAV systems with reheat are inefficient because they expend energy to cool air that will be heated again. CAV systems with reheat, however, provide superior comfort in any zone. Constant airflow reduces pockets of "dead" air, and reheat provides close control of the space temperature. Variable air volume (VAV) systems vary the amount of air supplied to a zone while holding the supply air temperature constant. This strategy saves fan energy and uses less reheat than in a CAV system. VAV systems, however, can have problems assuring uniform space temperature at low airflow rates. At times, the minimum airflow required for ventilation or for proper temperature control may be higher than is required to meet the space load. When this occurs reheat may be required. Chiller (CWS) involves a compressor, condenser, thermal expansion valve and evaporator...
Words: 942 - Pages: 4
...the service selected by the manufacturing vendor, but these guidelines will greatly reduce the amount of up front engineering hours that are required to develop the final design. The guidelines are a training tool for young engineers or a resource for engineers with experience. This document is entrusted to the recipient personally, but the copyright remains with us. It must not be copied, reproduced or in any way communicated or made accessible to third parties without our written consent. KLM Technology Group Practical Engineering Guidelines for Processing Plant Solutions Page 2 of 52 COOLING TOWER SELECTION AND SIZING ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINES Rev: 01 July 2011 THEORY Cooling Tower Performance Vapor Pressure of Water Humidity Relative Humidity and Percent Humidity Dew Point Humidity Chart Wet Bulb Temperature Cooling Tower Sizing APPLICATION Example Case 1: Cooling Tower Sizing Example Case 2:...
Words: 12674 - Pages: 51
...forever broken. One example of this destruction is deforestation. Deforestation occurs when the forest trees are cut-down for use in production (The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on Our Environment. n.d.). When the trees are cut, the wildlife in the forest also becomes displaced. Carbon emissions is another issue because of the lack of trees. Forests could actually help produce oxygen and refresh the levels of healthy gases in the air. Factories on the other hand, are releasing toxic emissions and destroying the source of oxygen (The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on Our Environment. n.d.). The pollution from factories effects the air, land, and pollutes the water as well. Global warming is a primary issue from pollution and carbon emissions. As the temperature increases, the glaciers are dissolving away, even the oceans are escalating. Global warming even effects animal species by endangering them and some may become extinct. (The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on Our Environment. n.d.). Air Pollution The leading cause of air pollution in the U.S. is...
Words: 1422 - Pages: 6
