...Online Ticketing Systems of Airlines Operators in Nigeria: History, Challenges and Prospects. March 2016. Name: Byron, Queen Omasirichi. Matric No: PG. 2015/00819 Option: Human Resources Management (M.Sc) Department: Management Faculty: Management Sciences Course Code: MGT 851 Course Title: Management Information Systems Lecturer: Dr. Justin .O. Gabriel ABSTRACT Unit: Port Harcourt Date September 2016 Author Pooja Gautam Degree Program Information Technology Name of thesis ONLINE AIRLINE TICKETING SYSTEM Instructor Kauko Kolehmainen Pages 44 Supervisor Kauko Kolehmainen The aim of this thesis was to explain the system of online ticketing used by airlines by explaining the mechanism and presenting a sample application. The thesis describes the evolution and working of airline reservation system. Various aspects related to online flight booking are explained in the thesis. The main focus of the thesis was developing a working application. A basic application similar to the models used by airlines companies today was developed with the use of various software and programs. Research in sources such as e-books, web articles, documentations and tutorial was completed for the development. The thesis describes how the online ticket booking works with the help of different diagrams...
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...Airline Distribution Air Transport Management Seminar Universidade Lusofona Lisbon 7th - 11th January 2008 Dr Keith Mason Director Business Travel Research Centre www.businesstravelresearch.com Dept of Air Transport K.Mason@cranfield.ac.uk Distribution - Factors affecting distribution strategy • Airlines drive to reduce costs • Distribution has been around 20% of operating costs • Airlines wishing to have more direct contact with their clients • Technology has provided the possibility of a direct channel between the airline and its customers • Disintermediation - as airlines doubt the ability of agents to influence customers’ choice • GDSs fees • Large corporates are more professional in the way they purchase travel products Star Alliance Carriers collective spend over USD $11bn on distribution Description Total Mainline reservations, sales, advertising and promotional cost, by category 2004 est. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Sources: Form 41 4Q03, Star Alliance Cost Q3 03 8% 2% 2% 7% 18% Advertising & Promotions 20% Media Personnel Loyalty Programs Other CRS / GDS Fees Other Reservations & Sales 60% Credit Card Fees 18% Salesforce /Reservations Benefits Management & staff 5% 6% 3% 8% 19% 1% Cargo Comm. 1% Other Pax Comm. 19% Passenger commissions Cargo commissions The distribution value chain • Airlines spend $5bn per annum on GDS fees • Cost as % of ticket prices • GDS 8 - 11% • Travel...
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...Total Travel Service Specialist Mayflower Group Corporate Profile Cor orporate ofile e CAR RENTAL & AUTO LEASING AIRLINE TICKETING CORPORATE INCENTIVE TRAVEL MICE COACH HIRE CHAUFFEUR SERVICES HOLIDAY PACKAGES MM2H HOTEL RESERVATIONS About Mayflower Group Established since 1960, Mayflower today is a total travel service specialist and transportation solutions provider in Malaysia, offering a diverse range of products and services for individuals and corporations on leisure and business travel. As the pioneer in the Malaysia car rental industry and the first to introduce luxurious air-conditioned coaches in the country, Mayflower has since grown to become one of the largest fleet owner for ground transportation with a nationwide fleet size of over 2800 vehicles comprising of sedan cars, MPVs, tour vans and air-conditioned coaches. With a wide network of branches and support from foreign and local partners, coupled with a work force of over 550 dedicated employees throughout the country, Mayflower is committed to fulfil its vision of being the market leader and strives to surpass the needs of clients and business partners. We are? h0 Mayflower is a subsidiary of Warisan TC Holdings Berhad, a public listed company on the main board of Bursa Malaysia. The Group consists of the following companies: • Mayflower Acme Tours Sdn Bhd • Mayflower Holidays Sdn Bhd • Discovery Tours (Sabah) Sdn Bhd (Managed and operated by Mayflower Acme Tours Sdn Bhd) •...
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...business. Priceline was established in 1998 and inaugurated its first television commercial a year later in 1999. Priceline is an online entity that helps customers find favorable travel deals. Priceline collects commissions on user reservations. They use social media like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Google+ to advertise specials that may not be listed on Priceline.com (2014). Although Priceline uses social media, they make it known that they do not need certain sites. Priceline.com provides vacation packages, rental cars, airline tickets, cruises, and hotel rooms all over the world. They have recently added restaurant reservations to their list of specialties. There are thousands of destinations and hundreds of countries to choose to travel or visit when booking with Priceline. Priceline uses three ways for customers to book travel: lowest retail rate, express deals, and name your own price. These options give travelers a little flexibility so they are able to get what they actually want. Priceline can broaden their business by giving customers more option on mobile applications and the name your price option. Current Use of the Web According to Anderson (2008), "Priceline.com is an Internet-based corporation offering services (airline tickets, hotel rooms, rental cars, and home mortgages) with the option for consumers to dictate prices" (p. 37). Priceline has used the internet to develop ways for customers to book and negotiate travel by using the worldwide web...
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...success factors to compete effectively in this industry. In addition, the paper will provide a market analysis to understand the target market and segmentation, and provide strategies for market positioning and market entry. Background The online travel distribution industry has evolved from the initial development of computerized reservation systems (CRS) by the airlines to manage airline seat reservations, with the first major system Sabre developed by American Airlines with the help of IBM in the early 1960’s, and followed shortly by United Airlines development of the Apollo system (PhoCusWright, 2009) Services offered by the company Online travel agencies are companies who provide travel reservations primarily on the internet. These companies acquire blocks of airline and hotel inventory at discounted prices and make them available to consumers on the internet. Tripkichen.com is a new start up online travel company looking to capitalize by offering an online travel reservation services by providing competitive priced travel products in real time booking capability, entire facility of travel services through internet. Addition to airline booking Tripkitchen offers hotel booking holiday packages car rentals, train, and cruises. The company intends to offer an efficient, informative, and...
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...use of Information Communication Technology (ICT) and E-Commerce has produced competitive advantage to Hospitality Industry Done by: Jane Lim Chiew Ping Submitted on: 19th November 2009 Table of Contents Page 1.0 Introduction……………………………………….. ………03 2.0 E-Commerce Applications for Hospitality Organizations…05 3. Lodging……………………………………………….........06 4.0 Food Industry………………………………………………12 5.0 Meetings and Events………………….……………………14 6. Entertainment/Recreation………………………………….15 7. Airlines………………………………. ……………………16 8. Travel Agents……………………………………………....19 9. Cruise Lines ………………………………………………..21 10. Conclusion……………………………………………….. ..24 11. References………………………………………………….25 [pic] Introduction When most people think about hospitality industry, they have visions of hotels, airlines, cruise ships, restaurants, health spas, and the like, based on their personal experiences. All aspects of the industry are involved in business processes at the operations level. Business processes consist of transactions and interactions with guests or customers, employees and even other businesses. A transaction is an activity such as checking in to a hotel or placing an order in a restaurant. Interactions include the relationships that take place during each transaction. A desk agent at the hotel takes the opportunity to create a positive first impression with a guest...
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...Rewards: Is there an incentive for doing all that needs doing? 5. Leadership: Is someone keeping the boxes in balance? 6. Helpful mechanisms: Have we adequate coordinating technologies? This model is useful to maintain awareness of all areas for consideration even though one variable may be identified as the main area for attention. I chose this model because I believe that both organizations used these components while trying to implement technical changes within their organizations. Both JetBlue and WestJet knew that the airline business was very competitive and in order to stay relevant, and better serve their customer base, they would need to upgrade the current reservation system they used. Due to JetBlue and WestJet’s growth, it was hard for the outdated system to perform. Sabre Holdings is one of the most widely used airline IT providers, so both JetBlue and WestJet decided they would be the best option for implementing the new system. WestJet was the first out of the two to implement this change and found out first hand that building a working relationship with the engineers from Sabre would have been essential in question asking in order to ensure that both parties are on the same page and WestJet gets exactly what is...
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...and provides advertisers the opportunity to reach a highly valuable audience of in-market travel consumers, in addition to powering bookings for some of the world’s leading airlines and hotels, top consumer brands, high traffic websites, and thousands of active affiliates. The company is headquartered in Bellevue, Washington, with additional operations in nearly 70 offices across the globe. For additional corporate industry news and views, follow us on Twitter @expediainc. Expedia, Inc. is a publicly-traded company listed under the ticker symbol EXPE on the NASDAQ Global Market. Expedia is an Internet-based travel website company headquartered in Bellevue, WA, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Indonesia, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, SouthKorea, Malaysia, Mexico,Netherlands, NewZealand, Norway, Philippines, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, UK, US). Created by Rich Barton and Lloyd Frink. It books airline tickets, hotel reservations, car rentals, cruises, vacation packages and various attractions and services via theWorld Wide Web and telephone travel agents. The site uses multiple global distribution systems like Amadeus or the Sabre reservation systems for flights and for hotels, Worldspan and Pegasus, along with its own hotel reservation system for contracted, bulk-rate reservations. This last is shared with other Expedia, Inc. sites. In December 2010, listings for AMR Corporation,...
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...Airlines such as WestJet and JetBlue promote low-cost and high-efficiency carriers by giving extremely competitive fares and outstanding customer service. Reservation system for these airlines are so important that when these companies need to make sweeping IT upgrades, their relationships with customers and their brands can be tarnished if things go awry. This can be seen when in 2009, both airlines upgraded their airline reservation systems, SabreSonic CSS was launch, customers struggled to place reservations, and the WestJet Web Site crashed repeatedly. WestJet’s call centers were also overwhelmed, and customers experienced slowdowns at airports. This delay provoked a deluge of customer dissatisfaction. In addition to the increase in customer complaint calls, customers also took to the Internet to express their displeasure. Angry flyers expressed outrage on Facebook and flooded WestJet’s site, causing the repeated crashes. These problems impact both of the airlines operational activities and decision making to change their initial carrier which had started out as a system designed for smaller start-up airlines to a better carrier. Other than that, both airlines needed more processing power to deal with a far greater volume of customers. They also needed features like the ability to link prices and seat inventories to other airlines with whom they cooperated. Both JetBlue and WestJet contracted with Sabre Holdings to upgrade their airline reservation systems. The differences...
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...past years, customers have been heavily relying on airline reservation systems to book their tickets, reserve seats, pay for the tickets and also check-in online. For customers, this has been a very convenient method and they are able to easily plan their trips. For the Airline companies, these systems have the whole flight inventory managed. They have all the flight information stored and records are maintained. It also provides a platform for communication between other airline companies for their “code-sharing plans” and agents or other ticketing offices can see real time information about the bookings and availability of seats. Since both parties rely on these systems they are of big importance to airline companies. For example, we see in the case of WestJet, the amount of chaos created after a delay of switch to another version of the system. Airline reservation systems have impacted operational activities and decision making. They have made it easier to maintain accounts with other airlines and internal processes between departments are more efficient since the “minus, plus” is done online. There has also been growth in faster service times which leads to increased customer satisfaction since customers can plan, book and pay online. Airline companies are able to make good strategic decisions on which route to monopolize on and how to improve their service by accessing past records about their customers stored by the system. However, on the flip side of the coin, customers’...
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...What is a Reservations Sales Agent? A Reservations Sales Agent processes customer enquiries and bookings for travel arrangements including airline tickets, coach bookings, accommodation, day tours, car-hire, transfers and travel insurance. They usually work over the telephone or on-line and occasionally face to face depending on the company. What does a Reservations Sales Agent do? The agent processes customer bookings and answers customer enquiries over the phone and on-line. All bookings (or reservations) then go into a computer reservations system. A Reservations Sales Agent needs to ask and answer questions to ensure their customers get what they are looking for. It is important that a Reservations Sales Agent has comprehensive product information about what they are selling in order to answer customer enquiries accurately. What does it take to be successful? A love of dealing with people, good listening skills, attention to detail and accuracy. The Reservations Sales Agent needs to be able to work at a fast pace as they will often find reservations roles are located in call centres with large numbers of phone calls on hold with clients awaiting your help. What is the Travel Agencies Industry? This industry includes businesses that sell, book and arrange travel, tour and accommodation services for the general public and commercial clients. The industry also encompasses companies primarily engaged in providing travel arrangement and reservation services, including...
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... 1.1. Background of the study 3 1.2. Hypothesis 4 1.3. Aim 4 1.4. Objectives 5 1.5. Structure of the dissertation 5 1.6. Summary 7 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 8 2.1. Introduction 8 2.2. Comparison of traditional and online sales 8 2.2.1. The individual businessman segment 9 2.2.2. The business group segment's sales channels 10 2.2.3. Individual travellers' sales channels 10 2.2.4. Sales channels of leisure group travellers 11 2.3. Sales and sales tools in the hotel industry and their development 12 2.4. Distribution channels 16 2.4.1. Types of distribution channels 17 2.4.2. Participants of the distribution channels 18 2.5. Development of distribution and the appearance of e-reservations 19 2.5.1. Early stages 19 2.5.2. Internet Distribution System 20 2.5.3. Online Travel Agents 21 2.5.4. Latest tendencies 23 2.5.5. Social Media 24 2.5.6. Consumer Generated Media 25 2.5.7. Meta Search Engines 25 2.6. Travel, booking and research behaviour among Hungarian travellers 26 2.6.1. Travel behaviour 26 2.6.2. Booking behaviour 27 2.6.3. Research behaviour 29 2.7. Summary 30 3. METHODOLOGY 31 3.1. Introduction 31 3.2. Secondary Research 31 3.3. Primary Research 32 3.4. Data Analysis Methods 33 3.5. Summary 33 4. EVALUATION OF RESULTS 34 4.1. Introduction 34 4.2. Interviews with intermediaries 35 4.2.1. Mr. Mate Hegedus, Revenue Specialist of Expedia Lodging Partner Services 35 4.2.2. Mr. Zoltan Katona, Marketing coordinator...
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...With reductions in the cost of processing power, new algorithms for database searches and the advent of the World Wide Web, competitors to the established global distribution system (GDS) companies emerged. By 2002, traditional GDS operators competed with each other as well as with airline websites, some Web-based travel agencies and a new entrant called Orbitz, an online travel agency owned by a group of airlines. In 1996, less than one percent of airline tickets were sold online. By 2001, 20 percent of airline flights in the United States were booked online, and the percentage was expected to grow to 25 percent by 2004. Seemingly overnight, forty years of comparative stasis in the business models governing airline reservation and ticket distribution turned into a dogfight as airlines, brick and mortar travel agents, online travel agents and GDS operators clashed over the approximately $180 billion market for airline travel. With ticket distribution costs comprising the third largest expense at some airlines, the battle promised to be fierce. The rapidly growing tourism sector in China has provided a good market environment for tourism enterprises, including travel agencies. In the five years through 2012, revenue for the Travel Agencies industry in China has increased at an annualized rate of 11.3% to $47.5 billion. With increasing demand for diversified tourism products such as luxury and high quality products, travel agencies have been developing new tourism products in...
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...Emergence of Global Distribution Systems (GDS): By 1950s, American Airline’s growth outpaced its ability to manage its inventory of seats using manual methods. IBM and American Airline developed SABER for this purpose. This system eventually became control center for American Airlines. Witnessing the success of Sabre system, IBM developed a scaled down version called PARS, targeting medium sized airlines and by 1972, 9 out of 10 major airlines operating in US were operating on IBM PARS system. Winner: IBM is the winner of this stage as it profited the most by starting a technology race for Distribution system and capturing major market Stage: GDS companies Dominance The airlines that owned GDS enjoyed oligopoly with only 4 GDS operators providing flight schedule searching and booking capability for almost all travel agents in United States.They deployed various methods to bias the results of searches performed on their systems e.g Display bias, Architectural bias as well as booking fees charging higher booking fees from more threatening competitors. Winner: Airlines Owning the GDS systems. Due to lack of government regulations, GDS owning airlines enjoyed dominance by deploying various bias methods, these were particularly effective against new, small competitors. Stage: Government Intervention and Deregulation Competing airlines rushed to expand their reach by installing GDS systems at travel agencies. Following deregulation in 1978, airlines competed for attention of agents...
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...Information Security Instructor: Mr. Dwight Robinson December 10, 2015 Abstract An outage or downtime at the online reservation system Sabre caused difficulties for many airlines, hotels and other hospitality industries all around the world. It affects business credibility, causes loss in revenue and legal procedures. Because of the recent delays Southwest, AirTran, American Airlines, US Airways, and United Airlines, who use Sabre global distribution system, topped the list of worst airlines in the US (Tooley, 2015). Background Sabre is one the leading provider of global distribution system to the travel and tourism industry. The Sabre GDS enables companies such as American Airlines, BCD Travel, Expedia, JetBlue, and Travelocity to search, price, book, and ticket travel services provided by airlines, hotels, car rental companies, rail providers and tour operators worldwide. It headquarters in Texas and employs over 10,000 employees in 60 countries with revenues of approximately $3 billion. Sabre service is using worldwide by 400 airlines in more than 700 airports, by more than 125,000 hotel properties, 27 car rental brands, 50 rail providers, 16 cruise lines and other global travel suppliers around the world generating more than $5.85 billion in revenue each year for its customers. More than 600 million people make purchases through that system annually (Sabre Authors, 2014). Sabre offers the industry’s broadest range of technology solutions including, data-driven...
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