...Kevin Mackrides Psy/250 Psychoanalytic Paper February 21, 2012 Larry Wenger Introduction In reading this paper you will see a comparison and contrast to Freud, Jung, and alder, and many studies that each one learned and thought. Simund Freud was born in Austria in 1856. Freud was dedicating to the learning and teaching of research and personality disorders. Freud added sex as a source of stress and conflicts. Simund Freud also had two key concepts, psychic determinism and unconscious motivation. Freud studied in Vienna. Simund Freud also believed that personality had three structures that consist of levels, conscious, pre conscious, unconscious. Later on in Feud career he developed five stages, oral, phallic, anal, latency, and genital. Freud was teaching that personality consist of three parts id, ego, and superego. Freud also studied nine types of defense mechanism. Just to name a few and what their meaning are. (Repression) Life long history of problems, Unconscious avoidance. (Denial) One cannot face the reality of evidence. (Projection) In the beginning of Freud career he started off doing hypnosis, but later notice that it was inadequate for some of his patients. He then moved on to studying dreams. Freud believes that dreams have a person’s inner conflicts of physical and mental problems. Freud thought that dreams will in lock ones inner secrets. Freud referred to dreams as the “royal road” to understanding the unconscious. Carl...
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...Theory of Helping Carol Holt University of Phoenix BSHS 312 Chelie Byerly-Saffeels July 23, 2012 The Theory of Helping In this paper our team chose to do the model or theory of helping on the Adlerian therapy. The team will be discussing the history of the development of this theory, the beliefs on which this therapy is based, The important contributors of the theory, the theory of helping, the relationship the helper and the client, the kinds of problems that can be addressed with this theory, the population on which this technique is used. The multicultural issues in using this approach as well as what we have found during our research for the Adlerian therapy. The History: The history of Adlerian Theory was inspired by Freudian psychoanalysis. The foundering philosopher and psychiatrist was Alfred Adler (1870-1937) born in Vienna and later came to the USA in 1934; it was reinforced and strengthens by Rudolf Dreikurs in America. It was circulated throughout American elementary schools during the guidance movement by Don Dinkmeyer. (Adlerian Psychotherapy, 2009, para. 3) The Adlerian Theory started with Adler addressing the crucial and contemporary issues as equality, parent education, the influence of birth order, lifestyle, and the holism of individuals” (a.ukn., 2012, Para. 1). Theory Beliefs: Adler started his theory on the belief that we all have one basic desire and goal: to belong and to feel significant. Adlerian Psychology focuses...
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...Position What is a basic theoretical position? A basic theoretical position is basically theory discipline on a certain matter which a position is chosen. In this paper team “B” will be taking a look into the basic theoretical positions of four important individuals related to psychology; who are Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and William James. As well as the basic theoretical positions of the individuals we also will be comparing and contrasting the four individual’s positions. Concerning the causes and nature of human psychological functioning Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and William James share their differences, which team “B” will discuss. Sigmund Freud considered being the father of psychoanalysis. The main theory that Freud focused the majority of his research was the psychoanalytic theory of learning. Freud is most known for his research and contribution in this field of therapy. Freud is of the first Westerners to recognize and work with the unconscious processes. Psychoanalysis is educational process in which unconscious conflicts are consciously confronted. Freud’s theory is based on the conscious mind and the unconscious mind. Freud was not the one who invented it, but he was responsible for making it highly popular in the psychoanalytic field of research. Freud applied the deterministic principles systematically to the sphere of the mental, and to hold the broad spectrum of human behavior is explicable on in the terms of...
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...assumptions, deterministic versus free-will positions, and conscious versus unconscious motives for behavior. Personality Theories Analyzed In the field of psychology, there is currently no agreed-upon definition of personality among psychologists (Feist & Feist, 2009). Each person is unique and so is his or her personality. Since many personalities are vastly different from one another, exploring various theories allows for different views on personality to be considered. Each person is unique and so is his or her personality. Therefore, taking a thorough look at two major personality theories and comparing them together is one way to increase our understanding about personality. Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory and Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychological Theory are the two particular theories...
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...must first evaluate the psychological issue at hand. Every individual has a personality that is uniquely made up eight key aspects that are the unconscious, ego forces, biological, conditioning, cognitive, traits, spiritual dimension, and interaction. Although there might be similarities between personalities, it is impossible to have the same eight key aspects on more than one individual. Personality psychology truly is fascinating and is defined as the scientific study of psychological forces that make individuals unique. This paper will compare and contrast the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler. These three theorists devoted much of their time and energy developing unique approaches, methods, and techniques of psychoanalytic theory used to treat patients today. Sigmund Freud was the true founder of the psychoanalytic theory. Later, his student’s Alfred Adler and Carl Jung questioned Freud’s interpretation of dreams resulting in the Adler and Jungian theories. The psychoanalytic theory developed by Freud encouraged patients to discuss memories of early childhood, interactions, and fantasies. Freud believed that the use of free association and dream analysis revealed the unconscious forces driving one’s inner conflicts. Freud believed that human behavior is subjective to irrational drives that are not displayed on one’s surface. On the other hand, these irrational drives can be found repressed deep inside the...
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...Alfred Adler in the LGBT Community Michael A. Taylor University of the Cumberlands Alfred Adler in the LGBT Community Alfred Adler spent much of his life writing and speaking about how humans view the world – and frequently misconceive it – and how humankind is a social being that depends upon interdependence and collectivism in order to correct its misconceptions. However, Adler viewed each person as a unique individual and believed that a person could only be known through the examination of one’s perceptions of the world (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014). His individual psychology theory has provided an excellent theoretical framework and intervention techniques for individuals, couples, and families since its inception. Sherman and Dinkmeyer proposed empirical evidence that suggested that components of Adlerian therapy were an integrative approach spanning 66 psychotherapeutic models (Dinkmeyer & Sperry, 2000). While Adler was ahead of his time in many regards with his theories and practices, his view of homosexuality as pathology is quite outdated. Nevertheless, Adlerian theory and techniques have a valid role in counseling the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community. This literature review will examine the core tendencies of Adler’s individual psychology as well as early Adlerian attitudes and misconceptions about homosexuality. It will then assess the modern applicability of Adlerian theory in the LGBT community as a whole. Adler’s Individual...
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...running head: KIM’S PSYCHOANALYTIC PAPER 1 Kim’s Psychoanalytic Paper Kimberly Allen PSY/250 October 6, 2012 Wes Hanlon KIM’S PSYCHOANALYTIC PAPER 2 Introduction There are several theorists that have their own theory about psychoanalytic approach. Each theorist goes into detail about his or her theory and how it relates to an individual’s personality. An individual’s personality is what makes him or her special from everyone else. In this paper, it will talk about the theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler. This paper will also talk about the stages of Freud’s theory and at least three Freudian defense mechanisms with real-life examples. Theories of psychoanalytic approach Sigmund Freud was one of the theorists that came up with a theory that relates to psychoanalytic approach. Sigmund Freud created psychoanalytic, which is his way to understand personality (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). Freud started using hypnosis, which was created by Charcot and Pierre Janet to cure hysteria, but realized that it did not work to treat his patients (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). Since hypnosis did not work, Freud created free association, which is where the individual is aware of everything happening (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). He realized that this did not work as well, but realized that it was in the person’s dreams, which is in the unconscious mind (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). The other theorist is Carl Jung, who created his own theory about...
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...personality theories that have been developed that have strengths and limitations in explaining personality. The research and supporting evidence in these theories are more reliable than others. Each theory is unique and differs from each other that can explain the casualties of personality and the distinct characteristics that are elusive to them. Many psychodynamic theorists have theorized the origins and contributions that cultivate personality (Feist & Feist, 2009). In the contents of this paper will analyze and compare the assumptions and theories of Adler, Individual Psychology and Karen Horney, Psychoanalytic Social Theory and the debate on deterministic versus free will. Alfred Adler – Individual Psychology Assumptions At one time Alfred Adler was in Sigmund Freud’s inner circle but eventually broke away and developed his own school of thought which he labeled “Individual Psychology”. Adler was in disagreement with Freud over the importance of sexuality in personality development (Ciccarelli & Meyer, 2006). Adler’s development of the theory that as young, helpless children, people all develop feelings of inferiority when comparing themselves to the more powerful, superior adults in the world (Ciccarelli & Meyer, 2006). However, Adler also states that a person’s personality and behavior represents how he or she perceives the physical world. Adler had the belief that a person’s personality is a whole unit and behavior was consistent although it did not appear...
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...others show differences of how human personalities are developed. Psychoanalysis is a way to understand the interactions between conscious and unconscious factors of the brain. Psychoanalysis is a form of psychotherapy for patients who have mental problems. This paper will provide thoughts on Freud, Jung and Adler’s theories on characteristics of personality. Psychoanalysis has three means the first is exploring the human mind, the second is treatment of psychological problems and the third is to understand human behavior better. In exploring the different theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler this paper with compare and agree and disagree with characteristics of research done by the three psychologists. In Freud’s theory an explanation of stages and characteristics of personality of the components used will be described. An understanding of at least three of Freud’s defense mechanisms will be offered in explanation with examples of real-life events. Psychoanalytic personality Assessment The theories found between physiologist Freud, Adler and Jung were interesting when all of the research is compared. Each psychologist spent years doing scientific research on physics, medicine and laboratory research in understanding human behavior and personalities. After comparing information each man’s theory was similar yet different. Freud’s personality theory is based on ego, superego, and the unconsciousness of human behavior, for example impulse, wishing, desires...
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...Fundamentals of Psychoanalytic Psychology T-ata DeHart-Williams PSY/250 August 23, 2012 Dr. Wendy Conaway Fundamentals of Psychoanalytic Psychology Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler influenced psychology and psychiatry with their psychoanalytic theories that continue to impact modern psychology. This paper will compare and contrast their theories and reveal those with which I agree and disagree. I will also discuss Freud’s psychosexual theory and explain the effects on the characteristics of personality, in addition to the concept of id, ego, and superego. Freudism Freud’s theory maintained that the unconscious mind is driven by psychosexual urges and can best be accessed through one’s dreams. Manifest content is the part of the dreams or psychological experiences that is easily remembered. Latent content is the parts that contain hidden messages or a deeper meaning than what the manifest content yields. Freud’s theory categorized the structure of the mind into 3 parts. Id represents the primitive core of personality, present at birth that contains the source of all psychic energy and operates on the pleasure principle. Id seeks instant gratification of needs and desires and if there is not instant gratification, tension and anxiety surface. Individuals absent of a properly functioning id often act on impulse and are self-centered. “Throughout life the pleasure seeking id constantly struggles with the reality checking ego.” (Friedman & Schustack, 2012...
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...Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION The increasing number of women and children being trafficked and commercially exploited is one of the many problems the Philippines have when it comes to children’s welfare is. Economic globalization, internationalization, and free trade have brought with them many benefits and as well unanticipated set of social problems. Among them is the dramatic rise worldwide in the incidence of child exploitation. Among the most virulent forms of this exploitation is child sexual exploitation (CSE) - including their commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC). Child pornography, juvenile prostitution and trafficking in children for sexual purposes have emerged as significant problems in the national, regional, and international stages. So, too, has child sex tourism. CSE and the CSEC appear to be related in complex ways with other forms of child exploitation, such as the use of children in labour, drug and warfare settings. According to End Child Prostitution (ECPAT), child pornography and trafficking of children for sexual purposes, the commercial sexual exploitation of children consists of criminal practices; that demean, degrade and threaten the physical and psychosocial integrity of children. There are three primary and interrelated forms of commercial sexual exploitations of children: prostitution, pornography and trafficking for sexual purposes. Other forms of commercial sexual exploitation of children include...
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...Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Danielle Bridgewater Psychology of Personality 250 June 04, 2014 Jaime Schuler Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler are known as the pioneers of modern theories (Friedman & Schustack 2012). Their theories have changed psychological standpoints on the human mind and have become the greatest influences on modern psychology. (Friedman & Schustack 2012) Although much has changed over the years, Freud, Jung, and Adler came up with the ideas that has led to the theories of modern human behavior, personality, and thought processes. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Nonetheless, their views, interests, and opinions were different in psychology. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) All three were psychiatrists. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Sigmund Freud met Carl Jung after a meeting that lasted 13 hours. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) They became conspiring friends while circulating information on psychoanalysis. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler encountered one another at a psychology convention in Vienna. (Bridle & Edelstein, 2000, Spring/Summer) Jung and Adler were fascinated by Freud’s interpretation of ego, superego, and id; however, they had antipathy for Freud’s idealization of sexual theories. (Bridle & Edelstein, 2000, Spring/Summer)...
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...Techniques Used by Professionals to Treat Insomnia I. Summary and Analysis of the Research. Majority of clinicians are not certain on whether to use medication or behavioral therapies to treat insomnia. Majority of them are not aware of the effectiveness, usefulness, and the importance of non medication methods. The topic here will discuss the various methods that health professionals have used to treat insomnia. A. In the short term or the immediate days after admission, medication will provide adequate improvements. This will be much more than the non medication techniques in terms of first week efficiency. The use of medication to treat insomnia is only effective in the short term since it is less intense. B. In the preceding weeks of treatment such as two to three weeks, meta-analysis shows that behavioral treatment is just as much as effective as the medical treatment. They both can be effective in handling insomnia. The use of non medication method to treat insomnia are more intense therefore are effective in the long term. The therapeutic applications are based on the individual specific condition and not general prescription. II. Key Issues and Controversies. In the long term patients who receive non-pharmacologic therapies have a long lasting feel good or relief while those who take medication get back to their baseline insomnia levels after a short while. This paper will base on the different types of treatments that are used to treat insomnia by the...
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...Personality Overview Kimberly Hayes August 4, 2013 Dr. Bernard Wakley There are many different personality theories that differ from one another and offer different perspectives. Being able to understand personality’s helps with a better understanding of what motivates people. Though there is no set definition of personality many theorists have different theories to explain it and understand it better. The purpose of this paper is to choose two theories of personality, analyze the strengths and limitations, and also compare and contrast them. According to (Feist & Feist, (2009), Freud believed that unconscious contained all of the instincts, urges, and drives that were beyond awareness, but could motivate actions, words, and feelings. But one question that came up was how one could really know if the unconscious exists when it is not available to the conscious mind. His answer was that repression, the meanings behind dreams, and even when there is a slip of the tongue explained it. The first of the modern theories of personality was developed by Sigmund Freud. His theory was called the psychoanalytic theory. According to (Feist & Feist, (2009), this theory is the most famous of all of the personality theories. Freud used his experiences with patients, and his own dreams to get his understanding of personality. Freud’s greatest contribution to the theory of personality was his belief that individuals were motivated by drives which he believed were divided...
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...Psychodynamic Theories Jayme Terrigno PSY/405 October 6, 2014 Patti Tolar Psychodynamic Theories According to "Good Therapy" (2014), “The psychological interpretation of mental and emotional processes—is rooted in traditional psychoanalysis and draws from object relations, ego psychology, and self psychology” (para. 1). Psychodynamic theories draw most of their information from the idea of the unconscious, especially in the development of early childhood. This paper will describe personality, discuss the mail tenets of the theories presented, discuss how each theory applies to personality and behavior, and discusses the strengths and limitations of each theory. The degree to which individual humans vary from one another, both physically and psychologically, is quite astonishing and somewhat unique among species (Feist, Feist, & Roberts 2013). Personality id the physical characteristics of a person and how it reflects toward others. Personality is the thoughts and feelings that each person holds and shows to others. It is collection of a person, but these pieces of each person tend to remain the unchanged through the years. Psychodynamic theory was developed by a Sigmund Freud, a well-known theorist, and in his own words, scientist. Sigmund Freud began to combine philosophical speculations with a primitive scientific method. As a neurologist trained in science, Freud began to listen to his patients to find out what...
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