...Judgement The statement I decided to disagree with was under "Judgement" and this statement said "If society believes a behavior or a belief is morally wrong, it is a good idea to adopt and not challenge that belief." I strongly disagree with that. I truthfully believe that if a person has a strong belief on something, they should stay with it. No matter what it is. I don't think anyone should have to change their belief(s) just to fit in with society. It's your belief, therefore anyone else's opinion should be irrelevant. A lot of times with beliefs, you won't be alone with them. There will usually be someone right there with you who believes the same thing or something close enough to your belief. The biggest example that I can think of has to do with sexuality. A lot of people believe it is wrong. A lot more people argued for a long time about gay/bi/lesbian couples getting married. Eventually, thankfully, enough people stood up for themselves. Even more importantly; their beliefs. It's truly amazing to see how people standing up- and enough of them at that- get what they believe. Standing up for yourself is hard. These people went through a lot of work, shame and social problems getting to where they are today. So on June 26, American finally took the first step and made gay marriage legal. Many people probably hate that day, for a number of reasons. But that's okay, cause they aren't involved in it and it isn't tampering with their own personal beliefs. Overall, I do not...
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...Islam, A World Religion: The Start of Islam Most people don't know much about Islam, with misconceptions about Islam: Muslim’s beliefs and including the rituals. Islam has gained a lot of followers and is the second largest religion in the world. The questions that we will be answering that is about Islam is the character, Sunni Islam throughout my research and a visit to the Islamic Center of Inland Empire. This research paper will cover the history and art of Islam and the history of Al-Masjid al-Ha ram or “The Holy Mosque”. Also the Religious meetings and personal views of an Islamic leader in the essay. Beliefs of Islam Islam, like Judaism and Christianity, is a monotheistic religion based in ones beliefs in God. There are two main in the religion in Islam, which is known as Sunni and Shi’a. The two major separation of Islam were caused by the question of leadership after Muhammad’s sentence. Vast majority of Muslim, like about 90 percent are Sunni and the others would be Shi’s. “Sunni” comes from the Arabic word which is Sunnah meaning “customary practice.” But in Sunni Islam, the imam is the man who leads the Friday prayers in a mosque with scriptures from the Qur’an, the text of which is considered to be the direct word from God (Allah). Caliphate and Its Modern Era The Caliphate was the first government system established in Islam, it is represented as the political unity of the Muslim Ummah nation. As a religious historian, S. A. Nigosian believes that “the...
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...England with his son Ali. Parvez worries because Ali’s behavior has changed significantly. Early in the story, Parvez is afraid of discussing his worries with his friends because his son has always been a kind of showpiece son. Eventually, Parvez breaks his silence and tells them how his son has changed, hoping to receive some advice. After having a short conversation, they come to the conclusion that his son might be addicted to drugs and that he sells his things to earn money to buy drugs. After this meeting, Parvez goes to his taxi to drive home. But in his car he finds Bettina, a prostitute, who drives with Parvez very often and has become a confidante. Since Parvez has defended Bettina from a client who had attacked her, they take care of each other. Parvez tells Bettina what he has observed and that he and his friends assume that his son does all these strange things because he is drug addicted. Bettina instructs Parvez on how he has to observe his son to find out if there is anything physically wrong with him. However, after a few days of observations Parvez decides that his son appears totally healthy. The only physical change Parvez observes is that Ali is growing a beard. And it turns out that his son does not sell his things. He just gives them away. * Parvez notices that Ali prays five times a day, although he had not been brought up to be religious. Parvez decides to invite his son to dinner to talk to him about his recent behavior. Initially, Ali refuses this invitation...
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...England with his son Ali. Parvez worries because Ali’s behavior has changed significantly. Early in the story, Parvez is afraid of discussing his worries with his friends because his son has always been a kind of showpiece son. Eventually, Parvez breaks his silence and tells them how his son has changed, hoping to receive some advice. After having a short conversation, they come to the conclusion that his son might be addicted to drugs and that he sells his things to earn money to buy drugs. After this meeting, Parvez goes to his taxi to drive home. But in his car he finds Bettina, a prostitute, who drives with Parvez very often and has become a confidante. Since Parvez has defended Bettina from a client who had attacked her, they take care of each other. Parvez tells Bettina what he has observed and that he and his friends assume that his son does all these strange things because he is drug addicted. Bettina instructs Parvez on how he has to observe his son to find out if there is anything physically wrong with him. However, after a few days of observations Parvez decides that his son appears totally healthy. The only physical change Parvez observes is that Ali is growing a beard. And it turns out that his son does not sell his things. He just gives them away. Parvez notices that Ali prays five times a day, although he had not been brought up to be religious. Parvez decides to invite his son to dinner to talk to him about his recent behavior. Initially, Ali refuses this invitation...
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...give some big problems. It creates conflicts, hate and division between people and families. This is exactly what happens in the short story ‘My Son the Fanatic’ by Hanif Kureishi. The relationship between the father (Parvez) and son (Ali) is put to a very difficult test. Parvez is born in Pakistan and has immigrated to England. He grew up in Lahore, where he was taught the Koran, however, his relationship to the Koran is very bad, which is clear all text through. “To stop him falling asleep when he studied, the Moulvi had attached a piece of string to the ceiling and tied it to Parvez’s hair, so that if he fell forward, he would instantly awake.” (p. 196, ll. 11-14) this quote shows, how indifferent Parvez always has been to the Koran, he has avoided all religions since this treatment. Parvez has driven taxi for twenty years. Most of the taxi drivers were, like him, Pakistani. He is a big admirer of the Western culture, where he is free to do almost everything he wants to. He does not understand why Ali starts to act strange. Parvez is having a hard time figuring out what he is doing wrong. He works hard, so that Ali can have a good education, and become an accountant and raise a family. At first, without any evidence, Parvez is terrified that Ali is doing drugs. He does not discuss this problem with his wife, but with his friend, Bettina. “He could talk to her about things he’d never be able to discuss with his own wife.” (p. 195, ll. 1-2) this shows that he oddly trusts Bettina...
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...THEORIES A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF THE MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY ALİ MURAT İRAT IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION APRIL 2006 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Sencer Ayata Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Feride Acar Head of Department This is to certify that we read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pınar Akçalı Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Ayşe Ayata Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pınar Akçalı Assist. Prof. Dr. Aykan Erdemir (METU-ADM) (METU-ADM) (METU-SOC) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Ali Murat İrat Signature : iii ABSTRACT THE ALEVI COMMUNITY IN TURKEY AFTER 1980: AN EVALUATION OF POLITICAL GROUP BOUNDARIES IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNICITY THEORIES İrat, Ali Murat Department of Political Science and Public Administration Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pınar Akçalı April...
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...2 ﺑﺮﮐﺎت اﻻﻣداد ﻻھل اﻻﺳﺘﻣداد BEACONS OF HOPE BY Ala’Hazrat Azeemul-Barkat Mujaddid Imam Ahmad Raza Khan (Alaihe Rahma Wal Ridhwan) Translated By: Abu Muhammad Abdul Haadi Al Qadri Beacons of Hope 3 ISLAMIC INQUIRY This inquiry came to the great Mujaddid Imam Ahmed Raza Al-Qadri (Radi Allah unho) from Ahmad Nabi Khan of Mohalla Shabazpura Saheswan of the 14th Shaban AlMoazzam 1311 Hijri. QUESTION What is the ruling of the Ulama of Deen regarding the Ayah اياك نستعينA person interprets this Ayah saying that it is Shirk (Polytheism) to seek assistance from any one other than Allah Almighty. He quotes the Following : دﯾﮐﮫ ﺣﺻﺮ ﻧﺳﺘﻌﯾں اے ﭘﺎک دﯾں اﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧت ﻏﯾﺮ ﺳﮯ ﻻﺋق ﻧﮩﯾں ذات ﺣق ﺑﯾﺷک ﻣﮯ ﻧﻌم اﻟﻣﺳﺘﻌﺎن ﺣﯾف ﻣﮯ ﮔﺮ ﻏﯾﺮ ﺣق ﮐﺎ ﮨو دھﯾﺎن Look at the Hasr (restrictions) of the pure Deen, that it is not permissible to seek assistance from other than Allah Almighty. He also quotes the beliefs of the illustrious Sufiya as follows: Sheikh Maslihuddin Sadi Shirazi (Radi Allah unho) held the same belif. Hence, he states: نداريم غير از تو فرياد رس توئی عاصياں را خطا بخش و بس There is none beside you that can assist me and it is You Who forgives the sins of the servants. Beacons of Hope 4 Hazrat Moulana Nizami Ganjawi (Radi Allah unho) also says the same in his Du’a: بزرگا بزرگی و ہابيکم توئی ياوری بخش وياوری رسم O Master! Oh Bestower of Excellence! It is only You Who can help me and save me. He also quotes an interesting and thought-provoking incident...
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...Hadith Arqam ibn Shurahbeel reported: I traveled with Ibn Abbas from Medina to Syria and I asked him, “Did the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, leave any instructions?” He said, “The Messenger of Allah did not finish the prayer before becoming very ill and he went out while being supported by two men and dragging his feet on the ground. The Messenger of Allah died and he did not leave any instructions.” [Musnad Ahmad, Number 3345, Sahih] عَنِ الْأَرْقَمِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ قَالَ سَافَرْتُ مَعَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ أَوْصَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ وَقَالَ مَا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى ثَقُلَ جِدًّا فَخَرَجَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ وَإِنَّ رِجْلَيْهِ لَتَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يُوصِ Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The one is who is consulted is in a position of trust.” [Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book of Manners, Number 2822, Hasan] عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُسْتَشَارُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to Abu Al-Haytham, “Do you have a servant?” He said no. The Prophet said, “If we are given prisoners of war, then come to us.” Later, the Prophet had with him two prisoners and Abu Al-Haytham came and he said, “Choose between...
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...Public Statements of Opinion The first amendment protects the right of people to have and share opinions. People speak their minds (unfortunately not always WITH their minds) knowing that the freedom of expressing their beliefs is there. The information gets published and it becomes available to the public through television, radio, internet, etc. and it ranges from sports outcomes to new gossip about the presidential election campaigns. The unfortunate part of all this is figuring out which opinions are worth taking in as reliable and valuable as this bulk of information comes from people from all over the world with different environments and issues that filter their views. Not everyone shares the same views and not all of the important information floating around will ever seem valuable, but people need to get their priorities straight and acknowledge what is really going on. The media is filled with random opinions of random people from random places and random backgrounds. So which ones do you trust? The people with the highest education can be reliable with technical facts, but what about personal views? Do you trust the opinion of a renowned physicist when he makes a comment about a “true” religion? Is a mathematician the best person to comment about how abortion is wrong and that it should be illegal? You have the right to creating your own views and choosing to not believe any other opinions. Everyone is allowed an opinion and the fact that the...
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...Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. There is no doubt that the Internet is one of the greatest humankind's inventions of the last century. It is fast and easy way to get a lot of valuable information. However, some people believe that the Internet creates many problems. From my point of view I think that the Internet brings us advantages as well as disadvantages. First of all, I think that the Internet brings us many benefits. People can have access to the latest news, weather, traffic, bid-and-asked quotations, etc. Another important benefit is that the Internet is a great means of communication. A few years ago it was rather difficult to imagine that it would be possible to communicate with people from all around the world. Students have the opportunity to speak to the professors from prestigious universities, ask their opinions and extend their range of interests. People have the opportunity to communicate with the people from other countries, find out their customs, traditions and even visit each other. I think that the Internet makes our world smaller and friendlier. We' ve got the chance to learn more about the world's history, our forefathers and gain more knowledge. From the other hand, many questions and difficulties arose with the appearance of the Internet. For example...
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...means that any individual has his or her own opinions about certain things regardless of being right or wrong. He advances in saying that it is a phenomenon known as “a natural defense mechanism to avoid that cognitive dissonance.” Keohanes explains that in order for a something to “backfire,” an individual whose opinion about a fact is proven wrong he or she gets defensive and believes they’re even more right than they were before. An example he gives of this in his essay is when Keohane describes a situation in which a group of people were asked if they believed there were WMDs in Iraq. Of all those who answered that they believed there was WMDs in Iraq, would not accept that this was in fact a lie and instead believed that there WMDs were in Iraq even more; regardless of the correction. This situation proves the concept of “backfire,” because it demonstrates the idea that the more an individual has to defend their beliefs or opinions, the more they in turn believe it to be true. He implies that people naturally defend themselves and put up that wall is because of their ignorance. Further stating that, “most of us like to believe that our opinions have been formed over time by careful, rational consideration of facts and ideas, and that the decisions based on those opinions, therefore, have the ring of soundness and intelligence.” This is a valid point and is of great importance because as he later states “we often base our opinions on our beliefs, which can have an uneasy relationships...
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...MGMT 591 11/9/2014 Case Study: Building a Coalition Dr. Anne Hallcom Case Study: Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation The Woodson Foundation, a large nonprofit social service agency, is teaming up with the public school system in Washington, D.C, to improve student outcomes. It appears the schools have problems with truancy, low student performance and crime. The teachers are discouraged to help students due to the disrespect and behavioral issues in the classroom. The turnover rate for the best teachers is high, they tend to leave and go to schools that aren’t as troubled (629). Part 1: Group Development The organization has five stages of group development. In the forming stage they have identified that there is a problem, now the plan is how to drive results. The first stage is bringing the plan forward and forming an executive development team. The team will consist of an HR representative from Woodson, the schools, and the NCPIE. This team’s responsibility is developing an operating plan for improving school performance. It is expected that representatives from both teams participate. Once this stage is finalized they can move on to the storming stage. The storming stage will consist of conflicts. This is an aggressive way to get to know each other a little better. Once the team has gotten over differences they start the norming stage. In this stage they realized although they have differences they still share things in common. The cohesiveness is...
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...In a world where teenagers are often cast aside as rebellious, disrespectful people who can’t do anything beneficial, media seems like the one place that we’re heard. Our generation lives in the age of technology and the avenues through which our opinions can be expressed are becoming greater each and every day. The media is one of the most influential ways to make a difference, and there truly is a way for everyone to express their feelings. There’s art, literature, videos, photography, giving each person a way to be artistically heard. Media gives an individual who may feel like a speck in the world, a bullhorn so they can be heard by millions. Media doesn’t just reach to the people who it was originally directed to, it can reach to many different groups of people and eventually the world, making it an empowering way for your opinion to be heard. It seems like whenever there is a political debate or the news is on, issues regarding schools are constantly brought up. School reform is something that our government is always trying to regulate, but are these politicians always the best qualified to make the decisions about schools? Students are never asked their opinions on the reforms and laws that are directly impacting their education and consequently their lives. Documentaries are frequently made regarding issues in schools, but they are from the point of view of people not directly involved in the issue, giving it an outside clear view on what the issue truly...
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...Name: Instructor: Course: Date: What happened on Laylat al-Qadr? From the story, it is evident that outdoing Hizmir was not an easy task. The narrator comes across as someone of reckless bravery, who was the courageous and fierce adversary. No matter the mount of effort his competitors put, they still found standing against him a hard question. Even after everyone had moved away, he still stood there like a lion lurking in the reeds. The narrator claims that it is on him alone that victory stood a chance. The reward that he gets for this is being stripped of everything, being dragged to degradation, and being taken captive. The narrator also seems particular worried by the fact that all the promises made to him have not been granted. The narrator authoritative language in claiming that his wish is not to return until vengeance is taken, or he is killed in the process of trying to achieve that. Al Husayn, according to the author, positioned himself strategically against the reeds so that it becomes easier for him to face his enemies from a single direction. He knew that setting up his tents was critically to the entire operations. He had more than a hundred foot soldiers, while the rest were on the forty-five horses. Umar B had been appointed as governor, and the authority of appointment had also been given to him. Certain things were however, also demanded of him. One of those was satisfaction against Al-Husayn. It was not the wish of Umar to take that position and he strongly...
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...use this system to see where they all stand on the verdict. The old man decides to state his individuality because these factors: his beliefs, values and morals. This man has a belief that you cannot just send a young man off to possibly die without having talked about it first. He also made this decision based on the context on the situation. He knew some of the people in the room would be too scared to voice their own opinion. Others people’s belief though in the room are not in the right place. Some are more worried about a baseball game or money. Others are basing some things off their background such as the one of the other older gentlemen and his issues with his children. Their background experiences all reflect their actions and attitudes during the whole movie. This was also due to the perception of the situation they were in. Their attitudes and values were also a big influence on them during the movie. The old man that first voted not guilty was definitely a leader. He also had very high self-esteem because he was not afraid to voice his opinion. Many people went through intrapersonal communication during the movie, because of the examples and flaws the old man was sending to them to receive. Throughout the whole movie there is a lot of interaction between most of the characters that are strong from the beginning. One man, after another vote, changed his decision...
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