...Mr. Speed Alzheimer’s Case Study Erica Boozer HCS/245 January 7, 2015 Lisa Spencer Mr. Speed Alzheimer’s Case Study My name is Dr. Boozer. This is the case study of Mr. Speed and the condition of his Alzheimer disease. This memo will cover Alzheimer disease as a whole and resources of where more information about the disease can be found. This memo will also discuss any cultural issues that Mr. Speed may face having the disease and the impact Alzheimer’s has on society and its resources. Alzheimer’s is a disease that effects the central nervous system. According the livestrong.com, the loss of functioning brain tissue that occurs with Alzheimer disease initially causes problems with memory and learning. Personality, intellectual function and mood are greatly affected as the disease progresses. As Mr. Speed get in the later stages of the disease, it should be expected that he will lose his sense of self and present things that are going on around him (livestrong.com, 2015). In the early stages of this disease, Mr. Speed may not need any assistance with day to day activities. However as it progresses to where he experiences memory loss or trouble doing simple task such as paying bills, he may require some type of supervision (alz.org, 2015). More information such as symptoms, other systems of the body that Alzheimer’s may effect or what to expect in the different stages of this disease can be found on livestrong.com and alz.org. Alzheimer effects all races and ethnicities...
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...Gum disease (periodontal disease) is associated with the elevated risk of the cardiovascular disease in addition to the cerebrovascular disease as well as death in various studies. Some of the pathogens provide an association between gum disease and Alzheimer Disease. Thus, the inflammation that is caused by the gum disease is highly associated with Alzheimer Disease thus proving the assumption that there is an association between gum disease and the individuals who may be susceptible to developing Alzheimer disease. Introduction Studies have confirmed a relationship between gum disease and increased rate of cognitive decline in individuals who are in the early stages of the Alzheimer Disease (AD). Gum disease also referred to as periodontitis is a disease that is prevalent in the older adults and is increasingly becoming common in AD as a result of the reduced ability to take care of the dental hygiene following the progression of the disease. Increased levels of antibodies in line with periodontal bacteria are highly affiliated with increased inflammatory molecules levels in the other parts of the body consequently linked to elevated rates in the...
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...becoming common amongst elderly people ranging from ages 65 and older. About 5.3 million of Americans of all ages have this disease (Association A., 2015). Alzheimer’s is a reversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest everyday tasks. This disease develops slowly and worsens over time. Alzheimer’s is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over the years. Those with this disease live an average of eight years after their symptoms become noticeable to others, but survival can range from four to 20 years, depending on age and other health conditions. This disease is not a normal part of aging, although the greatest...
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...THE OUTCOME IN THE LATE STAGE OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE Name: Institution: A business plan describing evidence-based intervention to improve outcome in the late stage of Alzheimer disease Executive summary According to the “British Medical Journal (BMJ)” on the subject “Care plans for individuals with Alzheimer disease: Intuitively a good idea but hard to prove they are effective in practice.” It is seen that teaching based intervention for Alzheimer care are suggested by large professional organizations although it is not evident on who should undertake these models to the patients. Care plans replicas along with the guidelines usually do have the stated objectives of delaying an illness development and functional beg off (Schneider, 2016). Alzheimer is illustrated by momentous impairments in several cognitive areas, functioning as well as the behavioral burden. Premature revealing, as well as management, can avert overuse of expensive healthcare resources and permit the affected people and caregivers the time to prepare for the prospect financial, medical along with the emotional confronts. This planning proposal offers the right measures concerning the evidence-based intervention to improve outcome in the late stage of Alzheimer disease. Among the cited evidence-based intervention that the business proposes to employ in combating the new stage of the disease do include the use of physical along...
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...behavior, or motivation. Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia and possibly contributes to 60%-70% of cases. Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function. AD is substantially increased among people aged 65 years or more, with a progressive decline in memory, thinking, language and learning capacity. AD should be differentiated from normal age-related decline in cognitive function, which is more gradual and associated with less disability. Disease often starts with mild symptoms and ends with severe brain damage. People with dementia lose their abilities at different rates. Whether these changes may be a cause or consequence of AD remains to be fully understood, but inflammation within the brain, including increased reactivity of the resident microglia towards amyloid deposits, has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. The more individuals advance in age the higher is the risk they will develop Alzheimer disease. Most patients develop AD after the age of 65 years old. The risk of developing AD reaches 50% for individuals beyond age 85. Because more and more people live longer lives this disease is becoming a serious concern. The age-specific incidence rates for Alzheimer disease demonstrate a doubling of incidence for about every six years of added life, which indicates an exponential increasing risk with increasing age. This exponential risk is fairly similar across studies, regardless of geographic...
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...Alzheimer’s Disease Michael A. Smith HCS/245 May 26, 2014 Dr. Michelle Clemons Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer is a stage of dementia which ability of the brain appears to stop functioning, such as creating memory loss, judgment instability, lack emotions with reasoning and changes in behavior. This is found more common in the elderly population of people. Studies shows apparently some people over sixty-five develops forms of dementia with the increase in later years after eighty-five. The Alzheimer's disease can be found in millions of Americans and more prevalent amongst African-Americans than other races. Describing the disease This type if disease very complex and changing rapidly without much discovery concerning treatments. When the processing of some proteins experiences interference or goes wrong terribly, the development of Alzheimer disease starts to blossom. This activity caused the brain cells with space between them cluttered with toxic protein; resulting loss nerve cells in regions of the brain upon investigation by microscopes for clear venture would reveal it. Such clusters are of two forms: the ones found between cells and those inside nerve cells. The dying nerve cells communicate with neurotransmitter acetylcholine a compound that would break down an enzyme known as acetyl cholinesterase and other studies now suggests having high cholesterol and also blood pressure being too high can be contributing toward Alzheimer disease significantly...
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...Coconut Oil vs. Alzheimers Spring, 2015 February 26, 2014 Coconut oil vs. Alzheimers With the elderly population increasing, there has also been a rise in Alzheimers. According to statistics from 2013 more than 500,000 seniors die each year because they have Alzheimer's (http://www.alz.org). In the America, it is the sixth leading cause of death and 5th for those 65 and older. It has increased sixty-eight percent from 2000 to 2010 and, even though, there is a handful of drugs to help relieve symptoms of Alzheimer's. The medications do nothing to stop the disease's progression and, eventually, lose their effectiveness for most people. Cognitive issues are natural when we age, occasionally forgetting something or becoming absent-minded, but there is nothing natural about Alzheimers disease. AD is considered a progressive disease that causes brain cells to atrophy and die. A brain with Alzheimers will have fewer nerve cells and synapses than a healthy brain. Within this brain, there will be Plaques and Tangles that will spread through the cortex in a somewhat predictable pattern. When this occurs, the synapse is lost between the neurotransmitters, and we start to have memory loss, learning and communication deficits. But what does all this have to do with non-hydrogenated coconut oil? What do these items have in common? Brain cells, specifically neurons, have very limited energy sources that can be used for them to function and stay alive. Glucose is the main source...
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...Alzheimer's Disease and its Link to the Normal Human Developmental Process of Aging Angel M. Perez Liberty University Abstract The cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is currently unknown. However, extensive studies using new technology has led to new ways of accurately identifying AD, an understanding of the mechanisms involved regarding the development of AD, and the damage it causes in the human brain. The general population is under the impression that AD is a result of the normal human developmental process of aging. The focus of this research is to dismiss this misconception by providing indisputable empirical evidence to the contrary. This paper looks at the various studies explored by researchers in an attempt to show the factors attributed to AD, a population over the age of 65 that do not suffer from AD, and a population of as young as 18 clinically diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The author also addresses life style, environmental, and genetic risk factors attributed to the development of AD. Alzheimer's Disease and its Link to the Normal Human Developmental Process of Aging Contrary to popular belief, studies show that Alzheimer’s disease is not part of the normal human developmental process of aging. It is imperative that researchers acknowledge that AD is not part of the normal aging process. Researchers must keep an open mind during the research and experimental process, exploring all plausible arguments, in order to discover the cause(s) and/or...
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...SOURCES: http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/alzheimers-history#3 http://www.dnalc.org/view/794-Background-to-Alzheimer-s-Disease.html http://www.nndb.com/people/217/000165719/ http://www.alz.co.uk/alois-alzheimer http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/159442.php http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_what_is_alzheimers.asp ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE * Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia, a general term for memory loss and other intellectual abilities serious enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of dementia cases. Bottom of Form * Alzheimer's is not a normal part of aging, although the greatest known risk factor is increasing age, and the majority of people with Alzheimer's are 65 and older. But Alzheimer's is not just a disease of old age. Up to 5 percent of people with the disease have early onset Alzheimer's (also known as younger-onset), which often appears when someone is in their 40s or 50s. * Alzheimer's worsens over time. Alzheimer's is a progressive disease, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. In its early stages, memory loss is mild, but with late-stage Alzheimer's, individuals lose the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to their environment. Alzheimer's is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Those with Alzheimer's live an average of eight years after their symptoms become noticeable to others, but survival can range from four to 20 years...
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...Coconut Oil vs. Alzheimers Spring, 2015 February 26, 2014 Coconut oil vs. Alzheimers With the elderly population increasing, there has also been a rise in Alzheimers. According to statistics from 2013 more than 500,000 seniors die each year because they have Alzheimer's (http://www.alz.org). In the America, it is the sixth leading cause of death and 5th for those 65 and older. It has increased sixty-eight percent from 2000 to 2010 and, even though, there is a handful of drugs to help relieve symptoms of Alzheimer's. The medications do nothing to stop the disease's progression and, eventually, lose their effectiveness for most people. Cognitive issues are natural when we age, occasionally forgetting something or becoming absent-minded, but there is nothing natural about Alzheimers disease. AD is considered a progressive disease that causes brain cells to atrophy and die. A brain with Alzheimers will have fewer nerve cells and synapses than a healthy brain. Within this brain, there will be Plaques and Tangles that will spread through the cortex in a somewhat predictable pattern. When this occurs, the synapse is lost between the neurotransmitters, and we start to have memory loss, learning and communication deficits. But what does all this have to do with non-hydrogenated coconut oil? What do these items have in common? Brain cells, specifically neurons, have very limited energy sources that can be used for them to function and stay alive. Glucose is the main source...
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...Neurology (2001) 1:3 Research article Traumatic brain injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease. Comparison of two retrospective autopsy cohorts with evaluation of ApoE genotype Address: 1L.Boltzmann Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Baumgartner Hoehe 1, B-Bldg., A-1140 Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Neuropathology, University of Munster School of Medicine, Munster, Germany and 3Cognitive Neuropharmacology Unit, H.M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Md, USA E-mail: Kurt A Jellinger* - kurt.jellinger@univie.ac.at; Werner Paulus - werner.paulus@uni-muenster.de; Christian Wrocklage - christian.wrocklage@uni-muenster.de; Irene Litvan - ilitvan@dvhip.org *Corresponding author Kurt A Jellinger*1, Werner Paulus2, Christian Wrocklage2 and Irene Litvan3 Published: 30 July 2001 BMC Neurology 2001, 1:3 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/1/3 Received: 29 June 2001 Accepted: 30 July 2001 © 2001 Jellinger et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in any medium for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL. For commercial use, contact info@biomedcentral.com Abstract Background and Purpose: The impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) is still controversial. The aim of our retrospective autopsy study was to assess the impact of TBE and ApoE allele frequency on the development of...
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...percentage of elderly in the Middle East will increase with the development of the health care delivery in the area. Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disease that damages memory and other important mental functions.The first case of Alzheimer was recorded in 1907 by Dr Alois Alzheimer, she was a middle-aged woman called Auguste Deter. Dr Alzheimer examined the brain of his patient, Mrs Deter, after her death. He notice that the outer layer of her brain the region of the brain involved in memory, language and judgment was shrinked. The...
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...April 13, 2015 HCS 245 - Sheela Alvarado Case Study: Mr. Speed is a 57-year-old gentleman who has been recently diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. He is in the early stage of the disease at this point. Mrs. Speed is quite concerned about the progression of the disease, whether Mr. Speed can still be employed, if he can be left alone for several hours at a time, and what medications he will be required to take. How would you respond to her concerns? Is there other information that would be helpful to the Speeds? Where can they find more information about Alzheimer’s disease? Alzheimer's disease is a disease affecting the brain, which is irreversible and progressive. What this means is that it slowly destroys a person's memory and thinking skills and symptoms begin to appear around 65. However, damage starts way before the symptoms begin to appear, which takes about 10 years. This disease starts with developing memory problems, decline in cognition. People affected tend to suffer from impaired reasoning and judgment, and vision/spatial issues. As Alzheimer's worsens, problems such as getting lost and being unable to handle money situations becomes prevalent. Things like repeating themselves, utilizing poor judgment, and mood swings are also commonplace. In the most memorable stage of Alzheimer's, affected patients begin to lose recognition of loved ones and are unable to perform complex daily tasks, and at the final stage of Alzheimer's, the brain tissue has shrunk immensely...
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...DEMENTIA’S Dementia is a vague term used to describe a person that has loss of memory and change in behavior and activities. It goes beyond the forgetfulness and absent minded. It is commonly used In reference to the elderly, when cognitive abilities start to slip from one’s own control. Dementia cannot be diagnosed due to memory loss alone. It must be accompanied by two or more interruptions of brain function. Individuals who suffer from a disease that causes dementia undergo a number of changes. Simple daily tasks such as dressing or bathing may also become a problem. Anything can be a cause for dementia, a stroke, a car accident or even another disease. Here, I will compare four most frequent causes of dementia with four least frequent causes. Dementia is not a specific disease. It's an overall term that describes a wide range of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to reduce a person's ability to perform everyday activities. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60 to 80 percent of cases. Vascular dementia, which occurs after a stroke, is the second most common dementia type. But there are many other conditions that can cause symptoms of dementia, including some that are reversible, such as thyroid problems and vitamin deficiencies. Dementia is often incorrectly referred to as "senility" or "senile dementia," which reflects the formerly widespread but incorrect belief that serious mental decline is a normal part of aging. Dementia...
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...Introduction: Affecting 64% of all dementia cases (Alzheimer’s Society of Canada, 2014), Alzheimer’s disease is a growing problem today. With close to 90 000 cases of dementia reported in the greater Toronto area (GTA) (Hopkins, 2010) and the number continuing to rise, it is a widespread problem in society. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by memory loss, difficulty completing daily tasks, confusion, communication problems, and emotional and social changes (Alzheimer’s Association, 2014). Alzheimer’s disease is most common from age 65 onward. There is no cure to alzheimer’s disease, and the exact mechanisms are unclear. Current research suggests that plaques and tangles are responsible for the destruction of neurones, leading to symptoms...
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