...the answer is nobody. Rock music is the innovation and evolution of many different types of music from a wide variety of groups of people. No one planned rock and roll, and it took over a great deal of American culture and revolutionized popular music. Rock and roll was influenced by African American music as well as white American styles. Since the introduction of minstrel shows in America in 1840, people have created and developed many other kinds of music. Mostly originated from African Americans, swing, blues, and jazz music was an early beginning to rock music. Many musical qualities were brought with African slaves into America. Some of the qualities include improvisation, “call and response” singing, and a dynamic rhythm. They created spiritual music and blues, which later evolved into what we know today as gospel music and “rhythm and blues.” White American music is based on of folk-style songs, mostly ballads in small bands of musical instruments. At the start of the 20th century, these folk style songs became referred to as hillbilly music. The transition to country-western music began with singers like Jimmie Rodgers and Gene Autry. After World War II, soldiers returning home wanted to feel at home again. This started the era of playing music on the radio, with programs such as Grand Ole Opry, which still runs today. This genre of music used guitars, Hawaiian guitar and drums on occasion to create a new image for country-western music. People realized they can make...
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...Introduction We made closed ecosystem because we have to study for which organism can alive in closed ecosystem. We can study how to living things are servieve and which material can we use than they are alive. What kind of food and how much water they needed? We have to put hole to reach the oxygen for them in closed ecosystem. Procedure and Materials In ecobottle, we put the Rocks, Water, Duckweed, Elodea and Fish in the bottom. We put holes in the bottle lead and put the straws across in the holes. And we put the Soil on it, some Grass seeds and earth warm in the second bottle. In third step we put some Water, Elodea for Snail. In forth one we put some Soil, some Grass and Grass seeds for the Cricket. And we passed thru Straws for the Oxygen. And we closed our Ecobottle. Observation of Ecobottle Date | General Observation | Focus Question for the Day | Day 1 09/13 | Fish, Cricket, Snail are alive.Earth warm is dead. Grass is grown up. | Yes there is one change. Grass is grown up from the grass seeds. | Day 2 09/14 | Fish, Cricket, Snail are alive. And grass is growing up from the duckweed. | Grass is growing up from the seed. Water level is increasing. | Day 3 09/15 | Fish, Cricket, Snail are alive. | No, I don’t think so… | Day 4 09/16 | Fish, Cricket, Snail are alive. Grass is growing up from the duckweed. | May be 1 week they grown up. | Day 5 09/17 | Fish, Cricket, Snail are alive. Still grass is growing up from the soil. | ...
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...Robin Hood was a man on a mission but had no plan. He had hoped that strength lay in numbers and the better it would be for him to effectively fight against the sheriff and his administration. The dilemma occurred when the increasing number of men had made the band a corporation. The more men were recruited into the organization, the less face to face interaction Robin had encountered with each of his men. The capacity to fund the increasing number of people became very scarce. Supplies needed to be obtained from outside villages. The cost of buying food was beginning to drain the band’s financial reserves at the very moment when revenues were in decline. Travelers, especially those with the most to lose, were now giving the forest a wide berth. Some issues that needs to be addressed are: How to avoid detection of the growing organization? Has Sherwood Forest become too small to sustain operations? What to do about the growing strength of the Sheriff’s forces? How to address organizational communications and leadership confusion? A formal structure needed to be enforced and a chain of executive management needed to be established so as to monitor the number of people; Merrymen. Robin Hood, if strategizes a new structure and organization of the band, appoints someone in charge of the number of new recruits, seek other ways of finding provisions for his men, he will be on track to achieve success. Robin Hood’s first priority should be to appropriate structure and organization...
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...The Jazz Age: Prevailing Opportunities for African Americans Thesis and Outline Thesis: The increased popularity of jazz music led to a growing acceptance of African American culture and presented African Americans the opportunity to gain social status. Introduction During the Jazz Age, jazz music, primarily dominated by African Americans before 1920, began to gain popularity among whites and transformed into an important aspect of American culture. The increased popularity of jazz music led to a growing acceptance of African American culture and presented African Americans the opportunity to gain social status. The Beginnings of Jazz music and Prevailing Opportunities for African Americans Music has always played an essential part in African...
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...Journal of American Studies, 45 (2011), 1, 113–129 f Cambridge University Press 2010 doi:10.1017/S0021875810001271 First published online 19 July 2010 Jazz as a Black American Art Form : Definitions of the Jazz Preservation Act JEFF FARLEY Jazz music and culture have experienced a surge in popularity after the passage of the Jazz Preservation Act (JPA) in 1987. This resolution defined jazz as a black American art form, thus using race, national identity, and cultural value as key aspects in making jazz one of the nation’s most subsidized arts. Led by new cultural institutions and educational programs, millions of Americans have engaged with the history and canon of jazz that represent the values endorsed by the JPA. Record companies, book publishers, archivists, academia, and private foundations have also contributed to the effort to preserve jazz music and history. Such preservation has not always been a simple process, especially in identifying jazz with black culture and with America as a whole. This has required a careful balancing of social and musical aspects of jazz. For instance, many consider two of the most important aspects of jazz to be the blues aesthetic, which inevitably expresses racist oppression in America, and the democratic ethic, wherein each musician’s individual expression equally contributes to the whole. Balanced explanations of race and nationality are useful not only for musicologists, but also for musicians and teachers wishing to use jazz as an example...
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...History of Jazz Music | | | Inemesit Inyang Crump | 4/27/2012 | | In the world we live in today there many different types of music that comes from all types of people, countries and origins. Rock, blues, neo-soul, classical, hip-hop, techno and even heavy metal are just brief descriptions of the many genres of music. One genre of music that is most popularly known worldwide is Jazz. Jazz is one of the most historical forms of music in America, contributing to several cultural achievements and society. The history of jazz has an extensive timeline of history dating back to the early 1700’s and 1800’s which is also known as the slave era and the ragtime era. This unique form art has helped to unite people of all races, regions and national boundaries. Even though it is a form of entertainment, it has been used to widely voice sentiments on slavery, freedom, creativity, and American character both in the United States and also overseas. Jazz music consists of many forms such as European, ragtime, modal, afro-cuban jazz, fusion and many more. While many people argue that Jazz is not one of their favorite forms of music, it has been proven that it is one of the longest lasting forms of music dating back over 100 years. Jazz was born to African Americans, which were predominantly slaves. These African Americans attempted to express their culture and feelings using instruments to give other cultures an idea of their personalities. Even though Jazz is a descendant...
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...this day and age, many people listen to Jazz music for the mere purpose of enjoying the music. However, Jazz hasn’t always had this leisure role we know of in this modern time. Since its first appearance in New Orleans, Jazz has played several different roles in New York City’s society throughout the years. Since its debut in the late nineteenth century, the cultural aspect of Jazz music and its role in society has changed over time. Throughout history, several people have offered their definitions of “Jazz”, though not all of them have been exactly the same. For example, Joachim-Ernst Berendt characterizes Jazz as a "form of art music which originated in the United States through the confrontation of the Negro with European music" (Berendt)....
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...Michael Ta American Literature Period 2 May 13, 2014 The Jazz Age As the 19th century came to an end, the start of a meaningless war triggered an era known as The Great Jazz Age. The year was 1914, as the world came together and fought in a useless war. The naive Americans partied as news spread that the war had ended. By 1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald coined the term, The Jazz age when he published his successful book, This side of Paradise. This era was sparked with ideas of jovial times and world peace. F. Scott Fitzgerald quoted, “Though the Jazz Age continued it became less and less an affair of youth. The sequel was like a children's party taken over by the elders.” The music was louder and the alcohol consumption was stronger. The correlation of people and alcohol consumption was increasing as the expansion of rebellious youths and usage of Jazz music increased. The effects of the war, triggered an unconditional response that changed American ideals. As hands shook, and papers were signed, Armistice Day marked the end of World War One and ignited a new beginning for America. Everyone celebrated the American victory of the biggest war of the time. In a way, the end of the war was a wake up call. The war helped open people’s eyes and made them realize that life was short and you should cherish every moment you have. Everything seemed to conveniently fall into place. Soldiers were reunited with their families, and the economy blossomed as more Americans carelessly...
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...BACHELOR IN MUSIC EDUCATION COURSE TITLE: JAZZ MUSIC TITLE OF ASSIGNMENT: ATLANTIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY HONOLULU, HAWAII TABLE OF CONTENT CCONTENT PAGE INTRODUCTION……………………………………3-5 JUSTIFICATION…………………………………………5 BODY……………………………………………….…….6-14 REFERENCES………………………………………. …..15-16 INTRODUCTION Musical language started changing throughout Europe by famous composers such as Stravinsky and Schoenberg, alone side a new style of music was developed in America called the jazz music, this new style of music that was developed by instrumentalist and singers, predominantly the black Americans who were performing this new style of music along streets, bawdy houses, dance halls and other southern cities. Jazz music can be defined according to according to oxford student dictionary defined jazz music as a style of music with a strong rhythm, originally of African American. Again, jazz music can be describe as a style of music rooted out of improvisation and features by syncopated rhythm, a constant beat pattern with a distinctive tone color and performance techniques. The term jazz became popular around 1915, though it started as early as 1900 but throughout the early period of jazz existence nothing was written down on paper or notated on jazz music due to the fact that jazz music was mostly dominated by improvisation. Moreover, only little of jazz music...
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...Jazz had a big impact on the 1920’s. When people needed and escape from what was really happening in the world, jazz was an outlet for that. When people didn't have anything to look forward too, or be happy about, jazz was there. Jazz gave people hope when there was little hope to be found. Jazz impacted American lives in many ways, from clothes all the way to changing how people thought after African Americans. Jazz changed American life in many different ways. In fact, jazz had a large effect on the literary world. Fashion was changed dramatically thanks to jazz music. Since, jazz made people happy, it also made them feel rebellious. Which caused women and men to dress differently from how they did before. The Women’s Liberation Movement was helped by jazz music, because it provided means of rebellion against set standards of society. African Americans felt like they fit in better with society because jazz music was distinctly African American music. For the first time in history, the culture of a minority became the desire of the majority (A New Jazz Culture)....
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...Jazz is an art form that originated and developed in America. Even though Jazz was created using the musical instincts of the African and European traditions, it reflects the American life. Over the years Jazz music has played a key role by reflecting an American’s right to personal freedom of expression. For instance, “Jazz has been called the purest expression of American democracy; a music built on individualism and compromise, independence and cooperation [1].” It has had a major influence on many musical styles and genres within the American society and continues to do so. Therefore, Jazz can be called the true American Classical Music. Just like Classical Music, Jazz has its own standard of literacy, form, and complexity. It has established a value over time and it allows many cultures to communicate thought as well as ideas with one another for Jazz is widely known. The only time Jazz was considered mainstream was the in the 1930s commonly known as the Swing Era. This is the time where many musicians were finally experimenting with the music and crafting jazz arrangements for bigger bands. The end of the Swing Era was marked by one main disaster. This had to do largely with the direct effects of World War II itself for members in the big bands were forced to serve their country [1]. There were also gas shortages, a tax raise, and curfew. These dissuaded people from going out which had a dramatic impact on the Swing. Since then Jazz music then proceeded to decline in popularity...
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...most influential forms of music began to develop, jazz and blues. The blues were created by African-Americans in the southern region of the United States, who drew their influence from work songs, folk songs, and another popular music genre at the time called Ragtime. Blues songs gave artists a method of expressing their emotions and feelings. As one person stated, “The emotion expressed is generally one of sadness or melancholy, often due to problems in love.” The musical elements that made blues very popular also sparked the development of a very distinct and unique style of music called jazz. “Jazz was born in New Orleans through the fusion of African-American elements such as ragtime and blues with other traditional styles – spirituals, work songs, and shouts.” What made jazz music unique was that musicians often improvised the melodies on the spot which many people thought would not work, but it in fact did. The vital role jazz and blues music played, sparked the evolution of other musical styles and the acceptance of African-Americans among the white community throughout the twentieth century. One of the earliest composers to contribute to jazz and who also considered himself “the inventor of jazz” was Jelly Roll Martin. Martin began his career playing ragtime piano in New Orleans, but as his musical style progressed, he embraced a new musical style from his blues and ragtime influence. Another important figure in the development of jazz and widely considered as...
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...TWENTIES AN AGE OF JAZZ By: Vinson Gill Instructor: Dr. C.A. deGregory “The Golden Twenties or the Roaring Twenties as the 1920’s has been known to be called; when everybody seemed to have had money to party. The nightmare of the Wall Street Crash of October 1929 was inconceivable right up until it happened. While looking backward in time, when we hear “The Roaring Twenties” we tend to think almost automatically: mobsters, flappers, the Charleston (dance), a nightlife that seemingly was the highlight of the day, and that is what Hollywood would have you believe. Actually Hollywood has its beginnings in the twenties and celebrated the culture. The new fad was a new music form called Jazz; a culture for a new generation, a passion for the young adult, a crossover appeal that rocked the urbanites of America and a passionate people who were not just fascinated by jazz but supported it. Langston Hughes described jazz as, “The music from the trumpet at the Negroes lips is honey mixed with liquid fire.” At first the art form was not accepted by black intellectuals. Most blacks distanced themselves from a music that seems to draw white attention to black culture; criticized and called it folk art. Jazz was born in brothels, performed in speakeasies which were illegal, actually brought together music lovers of all races in some clubs. Jazz went from being played only in New Orleans to becoming a staple of the American airwaves, dance halls, and homes. African Americans seeking to improve...
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...R. Matzen Is Jazz Dead, Or Has It Just Moved Across The Pond? Jazz may appear to be dead, but only at first glance. The era in which jazz first launched and gained massive pop culture status in the United States has come and gone by more than 80 years. Even so, the improvisational genre continues to thrive outside its birthplace with great enthusiasm in the countries of Europe. All it takes is a jump across the ocean to realize that jazz is very much alive and growing thanks to the talent of a few innovative artists residing there. American jazz music accompanied the liberation of Europe after World War II where it came to be strongly associated with freedom. Shortly after the liberation there was a large influx of American jazz musicians, including greats like Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Bud Powell and Ben Webster who traveled overseas to find a wider, more accepting audience and to escape the racism to which they were regularly subjected to in the United States. Having all these jazz legends living in Europe enabled a large cultural exchange between the musicians of America and the musicians of Europe. Jazz music was quickly internalized by the European musicians who were eager to add tinges of their own folk music and culture to the ever expanding melting pot of American jazz. Due to the fact that the Europeans were so open to cultural exchange and so willing to except and support jazz - through the likes of the avant-garde Polish Trumpeter Tomasz Stańko, Norwegian...
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...Throughout the 1920’s jazz music was a defining aspect of American culture; it also had a huge effect on society.. People of the time saw either playing or listening to jazz as a way to feel free or even escape from their daily lives. With the social changes going on in the 20’s, like the parties and the way people behaved, jazz fit right in with the changing times. Many jazz enthusiasts will argue that you are born with a love of jazz (Jazz History: The Standards). Like Louis Armstrong once said, "if you have to ask what jazz is, you'll never know" (Music with Ease > Jazz Quotes). In conjunction with the roaring twenties, jazz made it to the top and became widely known across the United States, and even some parts of Britain, making it a worldwide movement. It came very popular with people who wanted to get away from their normal lives and escape into the swing of jazz. Novelist F Scott...
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