...William C. Stokoe, Jr. is most commonly known as the “Father of American Sign Language Linguistics”. Dr. Stokoe did not invent American Sign Language (ASL), but he is thought be the person most responsible for having it recognized as an official language. The work he did while the teaching English at Gallaudet University was essential in proving ASL was not simply a visual code but an actual language. He proved that ASL has the components necessary to be considered a language. These include having phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics—all that he proved to be present in ASL. Dr. Stokoe was born in Lancaster, New Hampshire and was educated at Cornell University receiving both a bachelors and Ph.D. in English before moving to Wells...
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...incapability to hear. But being Deaf is about more than the ability to hear or not. The Deaf Culture is a contributed institution of communities that are impacted by deafness and use sign languages as the leading method of communication. It is a set of social beliefs, behaviors, morals, values, and art. American Sign Language, or ASL, is one of the most widely used languages in the United States. ASL is not universal and is used differently around the world. General languages use voice and lip movement to communicate, signers use their hands and facial expressions, along with body language in order to convey accurate meaning. Members of the Deaf community take pride in their identity and...
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...Nika Pickwoad Ms. Ruiz Deaf Culture November 18, 2013 Deaf culture #1) Sign language has been around for as long as its existence of deafness. Deafness, in the early centuries of American life caused many problems for those that were deaf. Doctors did not understand the root causes of deafness and books were rare at the time. Until the most recent years, doctors finally understand why deafness occurs and the deaf communities in the world today are being respected and admired, with the aid of American Sign Language. “ASL has many roots not only is it rooted in the French ideas, but also the ideas of the Great Plains Indians in America” (Butterworth & Flodin, 1995).The man responsible for bringing sign language to light in the United States is Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. Gallaudet studied the French ways and returned to America in 1817 where he founded the first school for the deaf in America, near present day Hartford, Connecticut. The college was appropriately named Gallaudet College, after Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. ASL is starting to be referred to as a foreign language. The reason for this growing idea stems from colleges and universities recognizing ASL as a success for foreign language credits in many college degree programs. “Gary Olsen former Executive Director of the National Association of the Deaf, referred to this notion of ASL as a foreign language as an American ground swell” (Butterworth & Flodin...
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...Employees in Communicating to Mute and Deaf Passengers A Study on the Challenges of Airport Employees in Communicating Mute and Deaf Passengers Submitted By: Dela Vega, Joaquin Jr. M AB- 3-1 Submitted to: Professor Ivan Mascardo August 28, 2015 Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction In 1951, ICAO announced that English will be the compulsory language used for the international aviation. (Varavudhi, 2009). Such requirements would improve communication, coordination, and performance of the required safety and related duties of airport employees. “Communication is the exchange and flow of information and thoughts from one person to another; it involves a sender transmitting a thought, information, or feeling to a receiver. Communication includes writing and talking, as well as nonverbal communication (such as facial expressions, body language, or gestures), visual communication (the use of images or pictures, such as painting, photography, video or film) and electronic communication (telephone calls, electronic mail, - cable television, or satellite broadcasts).(Mallett-Hamer, 2005, p.1). A successful communication demand same basic ability of sender and receiver. Here ideas are delivered, which received and an immediate feedback generated” (kabir, n.d. p.1) People who are deaf and mute may have challenges communicating with others via spoken words and may have challenges being aware of audio events in their environments. This is...
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...Personal Responsibility and Dream of Success James W. Lago GEN/200 April 28, 2014 Mr. D. Gross Abstract Personal responsibility and dream of success will be defined by the author in relation to the author’s experience. The relationship between personal responsibility and dream of success will be briefly explained. The authors will show how personal responsibility in his life with school, families and social. The authors will tell you about his dream of success. Personal Responsibility and Dream of Success Today the dream has all but disappeared. Is it? I know I have a dream when I graduated from high school. I had set my goal that I will go to college to get BA degree in business. I set a goal when I graduated from college, and looking for a job, and get my own place. I had planned to move out of my parent’s home. That was when I set my personal responsibility, and I had a dream of success. Being personal responsibility, I set out a plan when I was a teenage; I believed that I could do it as well as other people. I always have a dream about being successful, and about getting my master degree someday, and getting my own business. That was my dream, hasn’t disappeared yet. I will always follow my dream and proof my family that I’ve completed my master degree in the future. That was my dream of success. What’s personal responsibility mean to you? I am sole responsibility for the decision in my life. I am responsible for what I choose to feel...
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...10/21/13 Deaf Community Event Paper For class we were required to attend a Deaf Community event. I attended the Deaf event at Arden Mall, Ice Cream Social. Just thinking about going to a Deaf event made me nervous, even though I’ve given many speeches and lectures at school. When I got there I was really debating on going in and actually participating, I had a fear of the unknown lurking in the back of my head. I didn’t know if I would be able to properly communicate with the participants or if I could even understand them. I asked myself what’s the worst that can happen? Obviously better trying it than getting a 0 on my paper. I walked in and asked where the Deaf Community event was held and headed over. It was a nice size gathering, people were enjoying themselves and there wasn’t any stress in the air. I thought it would be like a continuous signing environment where everyone signed rapidly but it was relaxed and there were people there who were interpreters. I was looking around and noticed a middle age women standing there and observing, just like me. I went ahead and introduced myself and we began to sign. Her name was Jennifer, she could speak but had been signing for 3years. I told her how I was taking American Sign Language at ARC. She also asked me about what I do and what I why I decided to take ASL instead of the many other choices of languages that were presented. I told her that I am a nurse and now teach at a nursing program in the Arden area. I decided to...
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...Schneider ASL IV Tuesday/ Thursday 3:15 November 12, 2013 Deaf Event Paper 1 1. What was the purpose of this assignment? The deaf event I chose to go to was a Sunday morning church service at the Deaf Outreach Church. The purpose was to observe and communicate with others using sign language that weren’t from class. There is a difference from signing signs we are learning in class and holding a conversation with others. I needed to apply what I learned in the classroom to real life. 2. What is one question about the Deaf community that you hoped to answer during the course of this assignment? What causes the strong bond in the Deaf culture? From observing the people signing to each other it made me understand that it partly their use of ASL that keeps the bond strong. Also, the understanding they have for one another makes them so close. They have shared common experiences and struggles that being deaf came with. It’s like when I went to Italy and would feel more connected to other Americans and would start talking to them even if I didn’t know them. Speaking English was something I had in common with very few people while I was over there, so it made me want to reach out to others that spoke English. 3. Before going what did you expect it to be like? I expected it to be boring and that I would be completely lost in what was going on. I expected it to be completely silent and all in sign language. I thought people that knew I was hearing and would wonder why...
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...LANGUAGE ACQUISTIION AND DEAFNESS Assignment 1 INTRODUCTION The first 0 – 4 years are the most important years of the learning process of a child’s life. It is generally expressed that a child’s brain can perform like a sponge in early education, and that it can soak up a wealth of information which is retained for most of its life. Much of our knowledge could be described as being acquired in a mechanical or programmed sort of way during these early years, whereby a child learns to crawl, sit, stand, walk or talk without being shown or forced to do so. However, with regard to language acquisition, according to the ‘Behaviourist’ Perception (B.F. Skinner) children learn through training and start from scratch. This theory bases its beliefs on everything being determined through the environment, whereby “’conditioning’ that is through imitation” Singleton, D (1989:122) and habit development forms the basis of language acquisition. On the other hand the ‘Nativist’ approach (N. Chomsky) contradicts this line of thought. This theory argues that there is a ‘poverty of stimulus’ in earliest environmental existence and that the child is born with an innate biological language faculty which steers and forms language acquisition, and that humans are equipped with a language acquisition device (LAD). Singleton (1989). The “argument here is age related having to do with the early emergence of language in the young child”. Singleton (1989:188). While each writer has his particular...
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...Luke 11/24/14 ASL 101 “Love is Never Silent” Reaction Paper The movie, “Love is Never Silent”, a “Hallmark Hall of Fame” film, is based on a young girl whose parents are not part of the hearing world during the Depression of the 1930’s. Margaret, the daughter of Janice and Abel, is the only hope they have in order to stay connected to the hearing world. By using American Sign Language, Margaret has helped her parents stay in tune with what’s going on in the outside world. Margaret’s childhood consisted of keeping her parents connected with the hearing world. This meant that she hardly had any time to herself. She had to grow up a lot faster than the kids she went to school with because it was like Margaret was taking care of her parents and not being raised by them. Most, if not any of the kids she went to school with were not interpreting American Sign Language for their parents. In fact, nobody even knew that Margaret’s parents were deaf because she was worried that people would look at her funny or make fun of her parents for it. Margaret grew up hearing awful comments and stereotypes about deaf people that fortunately couldn’t be heard by her parents. As Margaret grew older and found love and independence outside of her home, her parents become bitter and distraught by it. Her wanting to be able to be free and do things like getting married to a man upset her parents. Janice and Abel looked at this as Margaret deserting and leaving them lost in the hearing world...
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...Established in 1864 and named after one of the founders of the school, Gallaudet University is the leading private university specifically designed for deaf and hard of hearing people and is located in Washington D.C. Gallaudet has much to offer such as programs in liberal education and career development, athletics, and an enjoyable campus life. Gallaudet University will build upon its rich history as the world's premier higher education institution serving deaf and hard of hearing people to become the university of first choice for the most qualified, diverse group of deaf and hard of hearing students in the world, as well as hearing students pursuing careers related to deaf and hard of hearing people. Gallaudet will empower its graduates with the knowledge and practical skills vital to achieving personal and professional success in the changing local and global communities in which they live and work. Gallaudet will also strive to become the leading international resource for research, innovation and outreach related to deaf and hard of hearing people. (Vision Statement of Gallaudet University; Gallaudet.edu) Gallaudet is achieving their vision statement by creating a barrier-free, bilingual learning environment in emphasis on American Sign Language. It also has the potential to grow, develop, and improve the lives and knowledge of all deaf and hard of hearing people worldwide with research. Gallaudet University has approximately 21,436 alumni around the world and offers over 40...
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...At the time, I didn’t recognize exactly was I was getting into however I found myself immersed in this brilliant world that runs alongside the hearing world that’s often ignored. I attended deaf coffee houses and watched movies that only used sign language, art exhibits, pot lucks; all kinds of events that were dedicated to people of the Deaf Community getting together with the common interest of getting to know each other. My most memorable experienced in the Deaf community happened about a week after I started taking ASL classes. I was sitting at the bus stop at 5 in the morning reading a book on the history the Deaf community and this older gentleman walks up to me with a grin stretched from ear to ear. He pointed to my book and before I knew what was happening began to sign. His hands moved like lightening as he began to draw out this image in the space in front of him. Unfortunately, I had only been studying for a week and he quickly caught on to that. He let out a laugh and nodded before signing “thank you” and he held up a sign before walking away. I’m now aware that that sign was “I Love you” and that he thanked me for taking to time to...
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...important stage in individual development. It is a time where an individual leave home and earn their independent. I was 18 years old when many important events happened during my three year period.I am the oldest child and my brother is the youngest child. My mother I was born in Houston, Texas in the quiet black neighborhood. I am a Deaf and Black woman. I was a senior at Cypress Ridge High School and graduated at 18. I also graduated at Gallaudet University at 25. and I am really passionate to empower Deaf people of color who are experiencing employment discrimination because of our disability. This paper helps me to anylanize about my three year period and how my class, disability, family, religion and sexuality orientation influenced on my development during my middle childhood. The reason why I am choosing my middle childhood year is because of many important events that happened to me during my three year period so it is really an important stage in individual development. This essay comes with my background information about my family and important events that happened to me and influenced my middle childhood years. Individual Development Stage When I was 18 years old, I applied for Houston Community College. Vocational Rehabilitation counselor (VRC) contacted me immediately when they found out that I was Deaf. VRC serves and supports the people with disability to go to work or school and they were qualified if their incomes or their families' incomes were not...
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...employees’ behavior, attitudes, and performance (Noe, et al. 2006). An analysis of work is considered a building block for most HR systems in organizations. Corporate restructuring processes, quality improvement programs, human resource planning, job design, recruitment strategies, training programs, succession planning, and compensation systems are among the other HR activities that are based on work analysis (Bernardin, 2008). Choosing a job that interested me to perform a work analysis was not easy; I really wanted to take this opportunity to put to work the information learned in Chapter 3 and 4 of our class with a job that it always interested me in learning on how they perform their job and what it takes to do the job. I chose a sign language interpreter from my previous job at the National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center. I worked for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center for 7 years and felt totally committed in complying with their mission to clinical research. The NIH Clinical Center (CC) is the clinical research hospital for the National Institutes of Health. It's the nation's largest hospital devoted entirely to clinical research. Through clinical research, clinician-investigators translate laboratory discoveries into better treatments, therapies and interventions to improve the nation's health. About 1,500 clinical research studies currently are active at the NIH Clinical Center. About half are the first tests of new drugs or medical treatment...
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...friends, relatives, and loved ones. The way we express verbal and nonverbal communication involves facial expressions, tone of voice, and body language. Demonstrative communication can be effective and ineffective, positive or negative for the sender, and receiver. Verbal communication is a spoken word and includes intended and indirect meanings, tone, and vocal variation. For example, the question “Where are you going?” has different meanings depending on tone of voice. Nonverbal communication is the way a person communicate using the movement of eyes, facial expression, head position, posture, arm, and hand gestures. Non-verbal communication can affect the message an individual send positive or negative response. There are several examples of nonverbal communication naming a few sign language and culture nonverbal communication. For example, when a deaf person communicates with a hearing a person he or she uses the components of nonverbal communication. People who do not know sign language will be able to recognize when a deaf person is mad or overjoyed they will understand by the demonstration of his or her body language and facial expression. About 70% of a deaf person communication is nonverbal. Cultural nonverbal communication can create misunderstandings for example, among North Americans nodding of the head means “yes,” whereas among Japanese, it means “I’m listening” according to Wan De-Hua and Li Hui of the Ningbo Institute of...
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...Deaf Event For my American Sign Language class I needed to attend some type of Deaf event. The event I chose was the showing of Love is Never Silent on October 22nd from 6-8pm in Wiley Hall at the University of Minnesota. Love is Never Silent is a very touching and powerful television movie from 1985. This movie can help the hearing world get a look at what it is like to have family members that are Deaf. This movie was also probably an inspiration for Deaf people by how relatable it could be to their life. The movie follows Margaret, a child of Deaf parents, through childhood until she is a grown adult. During the stages of Margaret’s life depicted through the movie I learned new information about Deaf culture and was able to make many comparisons between Deaf and hearing culture. The movie begins with Margaret’s mother sewing in their tiny apartment while Margaret and her younger brother are goofing around. The father arrives home and shortly after a man shows up at the apartment and knocks on the door. The parents cannot hear the door so Margaret is left to not only answer the door, but also deal with the man at the door who tries to speak to her parents first, only for Margaret to necessarily intervene later. The man is taking Mother’s sewing machine; she is no longer allowed to work at home and must work in the factory. This is where I first noticed differences in Deaf and hearing culture. The mother worked at home because it was easier and more comfortable for her...
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