...APA Reference Style Guide Notes: Please "copy" the title of a book/an article/whatever (as far as the spelling of words such as "behavior"/"behavioral" are concerned (and this also goes for direct quotations) exactly as in the original. • • • When referring to any work that is NOT a journal, such as a book, article, or Web page, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word. Capitalize all major words in journal titles. If within the same paragraph, reference is made to the same author(s) for a second and further time(s), the year of publication is omitted in the second and further references - as long as it does not lead to confusion. Compiled by OpenJournals Publishing and assisted by Prof George Sieberhagen (North-West University) Basic in-text referencing In-text reference where the author of the source is known …the result of this is a ‘technical super identity’ (Erikson, 1967, p. 20). Azar and Martin (1999) found that… (As part of the sentence) …thus Cox (1966, p. 52) refers to the modern urbanite as… Simply use whatever you used as author in the reference, as well as the year of publication. Only insert the page number when using a direct quote. Do not include suffixes such as Jr. In-text reference to more than one author should be ordered alphabetically. In-text reference to...
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...Sex Differences in Jealousy: An Evolutionary Perspective Jealousy is an intense emotional reaction that affects all types of people in different cultures all over the world (Buss, 2001). Having a wide variety of implications, jealousy is most often associated with negative, anxiety induced behaviours, and in relationships it is most often in response to a relationship threat by a third party with desirable qualities. Current literature on the topic suggests that there is a general consensus that the main function of jealousy is to protect a valuable relationship from loss to a desirable rival (Buss & Haselton, 2005). However despite this primary function, there are clear sex differences with regards to thoughts about emotional and sexual infidelity (Daly, Wilson & Weghorst, 1982). There exists a lot of evidence to support the finding that men find sexual infidelity worse than emotional infidelity, whereas women find the opposite (Buss et al., 2001; Daly et al., 1982). It has been found that 60% of men choose sexual infidelity as worse, and 74% of women choose emotional infidelity (Sagarin et al., 2012). Moreover, these findings have been replicated in numerous countries, which encourage the perspective that these sex differences are evolutionary based (Buunk & Angleitner, 1996). The parental-investment model states that these differences occur because men want to be sure of the paternity of their children, not invest their resources to genetically unrelated offspring...
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...Unit 9 Final Project Case Study Nicole Sanchez PS370: Health Psychology Professor Elizabeth Smith Clark Kaplan University October 2, 2012 Health psychology consists of the mind and body working together to contribute to the wellbeing of a person. In choosing case study number one I: John, I will be discussing the effects of stress and alcoholism to a person’s wellbeing as well as different support and therapeutic techniques that can help with stress and treat alcoholism. Case Study: John John is suffering from alcoholic hepatitis due to excessive drinking. He is having severe stomach problems and has been exhibiting moodiness, sleep deprivation, weight loss and lack of energy. Along with alcoholism, John is suffering from stress due to the possibility of his wife leaving him and his job being on the line. Evaluation of models behavior According to the case study John has multiple health issues that the doctor cannot explain from a physical point of view. His medical problems can be explored by understanding what psychosomatic medicine (the mind body relationship) is. According to Friedman (2002) “a significant proportion of patient complaints (at least 25 percent) made to physicians are psychological in nature and have no significant physical counterpart.”(pg. 80) Patients, like John, exhibit symptoms from tension (caused by an unhappy marriage) such as headaches, pain, or weakness and no physical explanation can be found because the problems are somatization...
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...Students and Instructors are accountable for all information on the Course Syllabus, as well as the Institutional Syllabus Addendum, which is located on the students’ Blackboard Site for this course. For further information regarding Library resources, academic honesty, accommodations, and more, please refer to the addendum on Bb. Course Description This survey course is an introduction to psychology. Psychology is the scientific study of thinking, emotion, and behavior. This course introduces students to the diverse research areas of psychology such as psychobiology, motivation, learning, cognitive and social processes, personality, and abnormality, emphasizing empirical findings of the discipline. It is recommended that students have a COMPASS test reading score > 80 (College Reading). General Education Core Objectives: This course is an approved General Education core class, and meets the following core objectives: |Critical Thinking |the ability to think using analysis, synthesis, evaluation, problem solving, judgment, and the | | |creative process | |Communication |the ability to develop, support, and appropriately communicate ideas through speech, writing, | | |performance, or visual media | |Quantitative Reasoning |the ability...
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...BUSINESS FACULTY Course Handbook 2015–16 BUSI1314 - Business Ethics Level 5: 15 Credits Contents 1. WELCOME .......................................................................................................... 3 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE ............................................................................... 4 1.1. AIMS .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2. LEARNING OUTCOMES ............................................................................................. 4 2.3 LEARNING AND TEACHING ACTIVITIES .............................................................................. 4 2.4 EXPECTED STUDY TIME ............................................................................................ 4 2.5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS....................................................................................... 4 3. CONTACT DETAILS................................................................................................ 5 3.1 EXTERNAL EXAMINING OF YOUR COURSE AND PROGRAMMES OF STUDY ............................................ 5 4. COURSE CONTENT AND DESIGN ................................................................................ 7 4.1 PLANNED TERM DATES: ........................................................................................... 7 4.2 SESSION PLAN................................................................
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...INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY 1560–8530/2002/04–3–370–371 http://www.ijab.org Relationship of Study Habits with Educational Achievements AISHA RIAZ, ASMA KIRAN AND NIAZ H. MALIK Division of Education and Extension, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad–38040, Pakistan ABSTRACT Study implies investigation for the mastery of facts, ideas or procedures that are yet unknown or only partially known to the individuals. A number of factors are associated with this cause, out of which the effectiveness of study habits occupies a pivotal place. In order to check the influence of study habits on the learning out comes of the students, a survey was conducted in the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad by interviewing all the 150 B.Sc. and M.Sc. Home Economics students. The results indicate a strong impact of study habits on the educational performance of learners. Key Words: Educational achievements; Schedule of study; Study habits INTRODUCTION The low understanding level accompanied by discouraging achievements of the students has become cause of great concern of our country and has bothered badly the educationists, parents, government and even the foreign countries at the eve of evaluating our students’ knowledge. The educationists have made a number of systematic efforts to find out the causes of deterioration and suggested remedies thereof. Almost all the commissions and education policies including 1999-2000 have not only acknowledged the deterioration...
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...Psychology Not to be confused with Phycology, Physiology, or 1 Etymology Psychiatry. Further information: Outline of psychology and Index The word psychology literally means, “study of the soul" of psychology articles (ψυχή psukhē, “breath, spirit, soul” and -λογία -logia, “study of” or “research”).[10] The Latin word psycholoPsychology is an academic and applied discipline that gia was first used by the Croatian humanist and Latinist involves the scientific study of mental functions and Marko Marulić in his book, Psichiologia de ratione anbehaviors.[1][2] Psychology has the immediate goal of imae humanae in the late 15th century or early 16th understanding individuals and groups by both establish- century.[11] The earliest known reference to the word ing general principles and researching specific cases,[3][4] psychology in English was by Steven Blankaart in 1694 and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit in The Physical Dictionary which refers to “Anatomy, society.[5][6] In this field, a professional practitioner or which treats the Body, and Psychology, which treats of researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified the Soul.”[12] as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors. 2 History Psychologists explore concepts such as perception...
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...appear consistently, suggesting that there are some substantive differences between men and women with regard to leadership performance. For example, with regard to global leadership, research by Javidan et al. (2016) suggest that women demonstrate stronger leadership self-efficacy (the importance of which is iterated by Locke & Latham, 2002; Hannah et al., 2008; Lester et al., 2011; Luthans & Peterson, 2002; Paglis & Green, 2002) profiles in regard to passion for diversity, intercultural diversity and diplomacy, while men tend to show strong leadership self-efficacies regarding global business savvy, cosmopolitan outlook and interpersonal impact. Women tend to behave more ethically than do men, and also tend to be more personable (Anonymous, 2013; Stedham et al., 2007). An article by Gannon (2012) discusses research showing that women leaders are judged as more supportive and rewarding, whereas men are judged to be better at such behaviors as delegating and managing up. Other research is described in the Gannon (2012) article,* suggesting that women leaders demonstrate higher levels of compassion and team-building skills. In addition, women leaders are also rated to be more persuasive and assertive. Still other research has shown that more women than men asked their bosses for new challenges at work. Women may also be willing to work longer hours than their male counterparts. Men may be more willing to “wing it” and convey confidence even...
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...Throughout my education, I felt like I was sitting on a fence. I loved mathematics and physics, but I also loved political science and sociology. On days where I had physics lab, I would hop down onto one side with determination, but I would soon find myself sitting on the fence again after I came back home from a debate tournament. For many years, I worried about the day in which the fence would turn into a wall, and I would have to pick one side. However, I found a gate in the fence when I did the 36 hour mathematical modeling problem during my junior year. The problem prompted us to find a model to determine how dangerous a city was, given ten thousand data points about crime in an anonymous city. As I flipped through statistics textbooks...
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...Introduction Psych 317 As humans, we are unique from animals in many ways. We have an internal guidance system called a conscience that allows us to think and act in a way close to our deepest values. We have an independent will that does not allow genetic influences or the environment to dictate our actions. We have an infinite creative imagination that allows us to create beyond our reality but perhaps the most uniquely human endowment we all possess is self-awareness. Self-awareness is the recognition of how we feel and how we behave. It also allows us to examine why we exist and ultimately, that we are going to die. While self-preservation is a characteristic to both humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own mortality is uniquely human. How do we, as humans, deal with the terror that is associated with this knowledge? According to Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski (1989), the need for “terror management” is a fundamental function possessed by humans and cultural systems. Based on the writings of anthropologist Ernest Becker and inspired by Freud’s work on how death provokes belief in mystical transcendence, TMT can provide explanations for a variety of human behaviors and relate them to the basic reason of why humans protect themselves from mortality awareness (Magdalena Smieja et al., 2006). The actuality that we are all going to die, one of the only certainties in life, is an...
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...[pic] COURSE OUTLINE |Course ID |Course title |Credits | |ANH211DV01 |Educational Psychology |03 | To be applied to Semester -13.1A, School year: 2013-2014 under Decision No. 1612/2012/QĐ-BGH date 24/12/2012 A. Course Specifications: |Periods |Periods in classroom | |Total periods |Lecture/ Seminar |Laboratory/ Studio | |Prerequisites: N/A | |Co-requisites: N/A | |Other requirements: N/A | B. Course Description: This course provides theoretical knowledge as well as practical strategies on educational psychology that student teachers will need to become effective instructors. Various theories of development, teaching, and learning such as human development, cognitive and behavioral development, learner differences, information processing, and learning environments are...
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...Harvard Referencing Harvard is a commonly used method of referencing, which uses the Author-Date system. Which Harvard style? Harvard has been adapted to suit many different publication styles. The style used in this guide follows the standard prescribed by the following manual. This is the official style followed in most Australian Government publications. Snooks & Co. 2002, Style manual for authors, editors and printers, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Milton, Qld. Which style does my faculty or school use? Some Schools require a different style from the one outlined here. Use the citation style required by your Faculty or School. Why reference your sources? It is important to reference the sources you use for essays and reports, so that the reader can follow your arguments and check your sources. It is essential to correctly acknowledge the author when quoting or using other people’s ideas in your work. How do I use Harvard? 1. In-text citations are made like this Paraphrasing and in-text citations Example: The point made by an analytic philosopher (O'Connor 1969, p. 32) is that values cannot be justified in this way. However Kneller (1963b, p. 102) insists that the theorist will inevitably be involved in value claims. Note: Page, chapter or section numbers may be included in the in-text citation if the cited work is long and information helps the reader locate the relevant information. When the authors name is mentioned in-text (e.g. Kneller in the example above)...
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...The mind of the crowd is fundamentally aggressive. Discuss. Aggressive or panicked crowds have the potential to be truly dangerous, illustrated by high profile disasters such as the 1989 Hillsborough stampede and the 1985 Broadwater Farm riots, which resulted in the death of a policeman. More recently, striking images of the 2011 London riots evidenced destruction and violence perpetrated by an angry crowd, whose actions were widely condemned by the public and media. The dangers of crowds are now so widely acknowledged that crowd behaviour and its management is considered just as much the concern of public safety as it is the realm of academia. The prevalence of reports of negative crowd behaviour may suggest that the media presents a distorted view of crowd behaviour; non-aggressive pro-social crowds do not result in such attention grabbing headlines. The lack of aggression evident in many everyday crowds, for example spectators of tennis matches illustrate that crowds are not fundamentally aggressive but incredibly diverse. To understand the nature of crowd behaviour is therefore to question the underlying assumption that a “mind of the crowd” even exists. Such an assumption suggests a hegemonic, mystified view of collective behaviour in which the role of the individual disappears. This essay seeks to “demystify” the crowd by understanding the crowds as a specific form of collective action, distinguishing the crowd from other social groups by its larger size, specificity...
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...Juvenile-Justice-Involved Youth, 430–437 ) The topic of this article is about how resilience and other psychiatric disorders plays a part in the lives of juveniles that are involved in the justice system that have exposure to traumatic events. The researcher’s rationale for this research was to prove that resilience might play a role in the negative outcomes of traumatic exposure in the youth that were involved in this study. This study consisted of a total of 350 juvenile who were all in some way involved with the justice system. The methods used in this research were in web-based survey forms that were administered by a third party such as a juvenile probation or parole officer. The participants were identified only by numbers so they could remain anonymous and to ensure confidentiality. In conclusion, the researchers confirms that the more juvenile-justice-Involved youth experience more traumatic events the more chances they have of developing resilience or other psychiatric disorders based on their research. (Burrow-Sánchez, Corrales, Jensen, & Meyers, 2014, Resilience in a Sample of Mexican American Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders, Psychological Assessment, 1038-1043) The top of this article is about measuring resilience in Latino American adolescents who have substance abuse disorders. The researcher’s goal of this study was to measure resilience in Mexican American adolescents with substance abuse disorders because these stressful youth faces racism and is labeled as...
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...Research Design Coursework Hypothesis It is hypothesised that solitary males or females within a group comprising members of the opposite sex will develop stronger gender self-categorisations than will majority males or females, following a co-operative gender-neutral group task. When groups comprise unequal proportions of socially-salient categories (e.g., gender and race), group processes are affected, with the behaviour and self-identities of minority members shifting towards their expected stereotype via a process of role entrapment (Johnson & Schulman, 1989). These behavioural changes become more pronounced with decreasing numerical status and where the token/minority member is normally disadvantaged or subordinated (Saenz, 1994). One explanation suggests that individuals who participate in activities where their social-group membership is made explicit are likely to depersonalise and thereafter self-categorise at the group-stereotype level (Turner et al., 1987). However, existing research on group composition has typically used quasi-competitive activities. This may account for the shift in self-categorisation, especially when there are current, historical or perceived inequalities in the status of group-members, resulting, for example, from race or gender. The current study, then, uses a co-operative group task to investigate the impact of being a single or majority-member of a group on gender self-categorisation. Experimental Design A between-participants...
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