...Outline I. Introduction. A. Thesis statement: Symptoms (such as loss of memory, hallucination and self-mutilation) and treatments (such as hypnosis, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, somatic treatment and integration treatment) of dissociative identity disorder (DID) will be further discussed. II. Symptoms that may experienced by patients with DID. A. Loss of memory. 1. Memory deviation. 2. Various personality states have various memory fragments. B. Hallucinations. 1. Auditory hallucinations. 2. Visual hallucinations. C. Suicidal tendencies. 1. Terminate uncomfortable feeling. 2. High tolerance to endure pain. III. Treatments that may used for patients with DID. A. Hypnosis 1. Increase information about each identity state. 2. Control...
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...WEEK 2 – The psychological core (I: Motivation, Ability, Opportunity) (II: Exposure, Attention, Perception) CHAPTER 2 - Motivation, Ability, Opportunity Motivation: an inner state of arousal that provides energy needed to achieve a goal Situational involvement: temporary interest Cognitive involvement: interest in thinking about and learning information Affective involvement: interest in expending emotional energy and evoking deep feelings about Objects of involvement - product categories - experiences - brands - ads - mediums - particular show in which ad is placed What affects motivation? Personal relevance: direct bearing on and significant implications for your life Consistency with self concept: our mental view of who we are. The way you think others view you Values: beliefs about what is right, important or good Needs: internal state of tension caused by disequilibrium from an ideal/desired physical or psychological state Goals: outcomes that we would like to achieve Perceived risk: the extent to which the consumer is uncertain about the consequences of an action Inconsistency with attitudes: extent to which new info is consistent with previously acquired knowledge or attitudes MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS GOALS A goal is a particular end state (outcome) that we would like to achieve (concrete or abstract) CONCRETE: specific to a given behaviour or action & determined by situation ABSTRACT: e.g. to be a good student ...
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...interactive. Thinking can shape the way we sense. Sending for adults is concurrent with thinking. As we sit in class, drive, cook, or even clean; we are sensing with our eyes, ears, and hands. The two most important senses for thinking are seeing and hearing. Our senses play an important role for our brain. Our senses feed our brain as food. A person’s power to remember things is memory. According to Dictionary.com (2012), “Memory is the mental capacity of faculty of retaining and reviving facts, events, impressions, etc. or of recalling or recognizing previous experiences.“ Hidden within our brain is our memory. There are two type of memory. We have short-term memory which we seem to forget entirely and last only about twenty to thirty seconds without rehearsal. Then, we have long-term memory which are the most important for our thinking and last the longest. Without memory there could be no thinking based upon experience. What we think depends both on our ability to remember and on the content of that remembering. Memory that is poor makes it difficult for us to think positively. To make memory easier to recall, we must back up our memory with hard data and write down events that we know we will be expected to remember later. Some ways to encode information is practice and the use of mnemonics. A drug is any chemical you take that affects the way your body works....
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...Measures of Affective States Induced by Music and Autobiographical Memories Jonna K. Vuoskoski and Tuomas Eerola University of Jyvaskyla ¨ ¨ The present study addressed music’s disputed ability to induce genuine sadness in listeners by investigating whether listening to sad music can induce sadness-related effects on memory and judgment. Related aims were to explore how the different mechanisms of music-induced emotions are involved in sadness induced by familiar, self-selected music and unfamiliar, experimenter-selected music, and whether the susceptibility to music-induced sadness is associated with trait empathy. One hundred twenty participants were randomly assigned into four conditions with different tasks: listening to unfamiliar sad or neutral music, or to self-selected sad music, or recalling a sad autobiographical event and writing about it. The induced affective states were measured indirectly using a word recall task and a judgment task where participants rated the emotions expressed by pictures depicting facial expressions. The results indicate that listening to sad music can indeed induce changes in emotion-related memory and judgment. However, this effect depends, to some extent, on the music’s relevance to the listener, as well as on the personality attributes of the listener. Trait empathy contributed to the susceptibility to sadness induced by unfamiliar music, while autobiographical memories contributed to sadness induced by self-selected music. Keywords: music-induced...
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..................................................................................4 4. Hypnosis: The Science…………………………………...............................................5 5. Focus Group Hypnosis...................................................................................................6 6. New Innovations………………………………………………..................................10 7. Limitations of Hypnosis……………………………………………………………..11 8. References....................................................................................................................12 1 Abstract This term paper aims to analyse the uses and impact of hypnosis and suggestion in advertising. In this new age where there is an increased onus on inbound marking and social media, we see advertisers taking up more path breaking avenues to tap into the minds of customers such as hypnosis focus groups. While hypnotised, a person’s brain functions at a deeper level called the alpha level where the subconscious is highly susceptible to suggestions and messages. Also, hypnosis can reduce the biases and normative behaviour associated with respondents and can also be effectively used in banner ads and other visually propagated advertisements. The paper studies the various ways in which hypnosis and suggestions have been used and are being currently used by advertisers. It goes on to enumerate the best ways among these and the road ahead, along with some...
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...Unit 4222-371 Understand and enable positive interaction and communication with individuals who have dementia (DEM 312) Assessment Criteria Outcome 1 Understand the factors that can affect interactions and communication of individuals with dementia The learner can: 1. explain how different forms of dementia may affect the way an individual communicates People with dementia often experience a gradual decrease in their ability to communicate as their dementia progress. They may find it more and more difficult to express themselves clearly to others and to understand what others are saying to them. This can become frustrating for people with dementia and for those trying to communicate with them. The different types of dementia affect the brain in different ways and each individual communicates their thoughts and feelings in a unique fashion. However, there are often similarities in their losses. How communication is affected: In the early stages of some forms of dementia people have difficulty finding the right word; and in the late stage words may be lost completely in all forms of dementia. It becomes harder to put sentences together as the disease progresses. Automatic responses such as "hello" are maintained for the longest period of time. In the late stages of the disease a person with dementia may have very limited ability to speak. Remember: There is more to communication than what you say. Communication is made up of: Body language (including facial expressions, posture...
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... You should also hand in a full set of references with the work showing exactly where you have found your information. There must be at least two written sources i.e. from books and articles. If you use any information from the internet, you should list the full web address NOT the search engine that you may have used. ------------------------------------------------- DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOUR,THEIR CHARACTERISTICS AND USES There are a variety of ways of behaving when we are communicating with others. The appropriate choice of behaviour is vitally important if we are to communicate effectively. Here we will explore different types of communication behaviour, their descriptions and characteristics, causes and effects, and lastly, will consider possible uses of these behaviours. Consider 4 different types of behaviour: • aggressive • submissive • avoidance • assertive Let’s consider each one in turn. Aggressive behaviour offends or isolates someone else’s rights. It is a showing, perhaps both physically and verbally, of anger or dominance. It can be an automatic reaction or a one-off reaction to a particularly sensitive or threatening situation, or perhaps ‘the straw that broke the camel’s back’. Aggression can sometimes be an expression of fear, lack of self-esteem, or inability to control a situation in any other way. Aggression...
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...Unit Dem301 Understand the process and experience of dementia Outcome 1 1.1 Describe a range of causes of dementia syndrome Dementia is a term for the progressive disease of brain and describes a serious deterioration in mental function, as memory, language, orientation and judgement , The causes of dementia are still not fully understood. Research in dementia is an ongoing and to date number of types of dementia and their causes have been identified. The brain contains billions of cells, in dementia some of these cells stop working properly. Depending what part of brain this occurs in it will affect the way an individual thinks, remembers, walks and communicates. There is a range of causes of dementia here are son of them:- Mixed dementia Mixed dementia is a condition in which abnormalities characteristic of more than one type of dementia occur simultaneously in the brain. Physicians may also call this condition “Dementia multifactorial.” In the most common form of mixed dementia, the abnormal protein deposits associated with Alzheimer's disease coexist with blood vessel problems linked to vascular dementia. Alzheimer’s brain changes also often coexist with Lewy bodies, the abnormal protein deposits characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia. In some cases, a person may have brain changes linked to Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. It is...
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...Psychology, Unit 3 - Chapter 2: Consciousness Consciousness: being aware of external and internal stimuli at any given moment, which also gives a: * Sense of personal identity and individual way of perceiving the world. It can include your senses and * Perceptions of the world around you as well as memories, beliefs and attitudes Consciousness is also described to be: * Personal - it is subjective and your own perception of your internal world and the external world * Selective - you are able to limit and restrict your attention and channel your focus onto whatever * Continuous - there is never a break in your consciousness or a time where it is empty * Changing - your thoughts are constantly changing as they are easily influenced by external stimuli RENE DESCARTES - MIND & BODY ARE SEPARATE BUT INTERCONNECTED The mind-body problem debates whether the mind and body can interact, and how, or if there is even a ‘mind’ or ‘body’. Rene Descartes dualism theory states the two substances are distinct, as one is physical and one is non-physical. He believes they are able to interact through the pineal gland, which is the center of the brain (it was later discovered that’s actually where hormones are) and that the two substances can affect each other. He defined consciousness as ‘encompassing everything we are aware of, including our own existence’. It exists in the mind or ‘soul’, but also in our body because the soul does not occupy space. His quote...
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...Project 2.1.3: Map-A-Brain | Name: Lauren Caplinger Date: Block: Introduction---highlight important info The brain is a truly amazing organ. But while there is a good deal we know about the way it functions, there is still much that is unknown. Neuroscientists have the daunting task of trying to decipher how this one structure can control every aspect of our lives. Over the years, scientists have worked tirelessly to uncover the mystery of the human brain. They have studied the external features of the head, the internal structures of the brain and the effect of injuries on this organ to understand how this one organ is able to control the functioning of every human system. In this activity, you will explore the case of Phineas Gage, a young man who, in the 1800’s, suffered a horrific brain injury and simply walked away. He recovered and went on to live many more years, but his friends and co-workers said he was never the same. Physical wounds healed, but internal damage changed the personality of the man they all knew. His case will introduce you to the way our brain works and to the way in which specific areas of the brain control different parts of our personality and our ability to function. You will also explore the history of mapping the function of the human brain, from early methods based purely on observation to current methods using high-tech scans and measurements. In Activity 2.1.2, you built a brain on your Maniken® and explored the primary...
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...HRPYC81/103/0/2013 Tutorial Letter 103/0/2013 Research Report HRPYC81 Year module Department of Psychology This tutorial letter contains Projects 4808 to 4813 Bar code CONTENTS READ ME FIRST .......................................................................................................................................... 3 PROJECT 4808 ............................................................................................................................................ 4 PROJECT 4809 ............................................................................................................................................ 5 PROJECT 4810 .......................................................................................................................................... 14 PROJECT 4811 .......................................................................................................................................... 36 PROJECT 4812 .......................................................................................................................................... 42 PROJECT 4813 .......................................................................................................................................... 55 2 HRPYC81/103 READ ME FIRST Tutorial Letter 102 Tutorial Letter contains Assignment 01as well as the following projects: Project 4802 Project 4803 Project 4804 Project 4805 Project 4807 Tutorial Letter 103 Tutorial Letter 103...
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...CUSTOMIZING ONLINE INFORMATION: HOW LEARNING STYLE, CONTENT DELIVERY AND PRE-INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY AFFECT RECALL AND SATISFACTION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Lenny J. Cooper, M.A. ****** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Professor Matt Eastin, Adviser Professor Prabu David Professor Thomas McCain Approved by _____________________ Adviser Communication Graduate Program UMI Number: 3177152 UMI Microform 3177152 Copyright 2005 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ABSTRACT How people understand and learn information is changing due to an increased reliance on technology. The Internet is creating a complex environment where the lines between media and information are blurring. This switch can be seen in mass media, classroom learning applications and the work environment. Along with this reliance on technology comes access to an almost unlimited amount of information presented in a multitude of ways. This presentation can be overwhelming to information seekers and online learners alike. By taking advantage of the inherent properties of new media, namely the ability to present...
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...NMHD 5003 Practice & Pharmacological Issues in Mental Health Nursing By Neil Drummond Essay 3048 words Care Plan 1676 words Overall wordage 7186 The aim of this essay is to show how I have formed, maintained and disengaged from a therapeutic relationship within a practice setting. This will include a profile of the client from their perspective. For the purpose of this essay, the therapeutic relationship was formed within the community mental health team. Their role is the primary intervention service promoting awareness, growth and helping people to work through difficulties (Mind.org, 2013). The interventions provided aim to facilitate comfort, support and a provision of care. The client I have chosen to write this essay on is called Angelo. Angelo is a fictitious name created to protect the individual’s right to confidentiality (NHS, 2012, N.M.C, 2008). The interaction was conducted because of a 6 month cognitive enhancer medication (galantamine) review. I will show an understanding of the importance of a therapeutic relationship building and the values that influence the formulation of mental health nursing assessment and care planning (Schultz and Videbeck, 2009). Appendix 1 will show the plan of management including risk and relapse. Appendix 2 will show the individualised Risk Assessment (profile). In my conclusion I will reflect upon my therapeutic encounter and will address the importance of knowledge and qualities needed to form, maintain and disengage...
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...This essay attempts to analyse, using appropriate illustrations, the extent to which gender stereotyping conforms to Jean Piaget’s four stages of development, which he elaborated in his Theory of Cognitive Development. It will first begin by clearly defining the terms; ‘gender,’ ‘stereotype,’ and hence the term ‘gender stereotyping.’ It will thereafter define cognitive development and will furthermore discuss in depth the stages of cognitive development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational respectively. A critical assessment will then be made on the extent to which gender stereotyping acts in accordance to Piaget’s stages of development, to aid one have a final opinion of his Theory of Cognitive Development. Gender was a word used by Ann Oakley and others in the 1970s to describe the characteristics of men and women that are socially determined, in contrast to the ones that are biologically determined. Gender is therefore a term referring to the social and cultural construction of men and women. The word stereotype is defined as an organised set of beliefs concerning the characteristics of all members of a defined group (Golombok, 1995). Therefore, gender stereotyping is the overgeneralisation about the characteristics of an entire group of people based on their gender. It is the perception of people on how others should behave. According to Piaget (1952), cognitive development was a progressive reorganisation of mental processes...
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...P1: Explain key influence on the personal learning process of individuals For an individual there are positive and negative influences that can effect there learning. On a professional approach, many psychologists believe that learning takes place via different processes in which recall has to take place in order to remember. Recall can be affected by different influences; these can weaken memory or strength the memory trace of information. There are different theories that can show the different types of learners; David kolb and Honey and Mumford. David kolb’s theory (1984) is an explanation in how adults learn. The many ways in which people learn are called the cognitive ability. During adolescence and adulthood we develop a performance for instinctive preferences. This is the way in which we make sense of our experiences. He proposed that learning takes place in four stages: concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. The first stage is concrete experience, this is the doing stage. The individual has to physically carry out actions in order to remember. The second stage is reflective stage this is where they concentrate and review the information. This involves mental thought about what they have completed and the actions that took place in the concrete stage. The third stage is the concluding stage, in which you begin to make sense of the actions in your head. The last stage is the active experimentation, is the planning...
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