Premium Essay

Analyse the Cost of Risk

In:

Submitted By C0URAGE
Words 1736
Pages 7
NAME : COURAGE MUNZARA FACALTY : COMMERCE PROGRAMME : RISK MANAGEMENT AND INSURANCE

Analyze the cost of risk The existence of risk and the nature of it being the state of the word, “risk” is associated with everything we do in life. This in the today’s world, business risk and the ability to quantify that risk in monetary form is proving to be of equal importance. Therefore, any risk manager’s core objective is to manage enterprise wide risk, leading to a fall in total costs associated with risk exposures. Due to these factors cost of risk has taken form, showing the dollar value of managing these risks and ways of reducing, preventing and controlling them effectively
The concept in cost of risk was introduced by, a risk professional named Douglas Barlow in the late 1959 to 1972. This concept in his view was like a formula for all the factors related to management of risk. Ultimately the cost of risk was then defined by disintegrating it into four basic components which makes up the structure of the concept namely the cost of actual losses sustained, cost of measures for loss prevention, insurance premiums, and administrative expenses. In short the above elements make up the formula for cost of risk.
COST OF FUNDING LOSSES
As one of the major element in cost of risk, which is widely used and tracked is the insurance premiums. Which is associated with spending on insurance coverage and paying up brokers’ commissions. Insurance companies are one of the largely solutions undertaken by firms in order to limit risk by way of risk transfer in the event of an insured loss. This method has proved to be cost effective as it eliminates the chances of a firm being left vulnerable in the event of a loss occurring. Net insurance premiums is also

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Winton Carter Mining - the Risks of Engaging a Mining

...MINING THE RISKS OF ENGAGING A MINING IN AFRICA Business Report April 9, 2015 Chi Minh Bui Word count: 1,121 Table of contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 3 Main findings 4 1. The exploitation risk is medium 4 2. The security risk is high 5 3. The health risk is low 5 4. The economic risk is low 5 5. The financial risk is medium 6 Conclusion 6 Recommendations 7 References 8 Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to explore and explain the opportunities and challenges Winton Carter Mining (WCM) may face when entering into a joint venture with ATZ in a mining operation in Kango, Gabon, Central Africa. WCM has an opportunity to apply its experience in the mining industry in terms of management and production for short-term and long-term gain. By engaging in the project, WCM will improve its reputation, increase its goodwill because of a likely increase in its share price, and potentially establish a new considerable source of income. The risks, however, are substantial. Firstly, security risk that is considered high due to social instability of African countries may reduce the site’s revenue considerably and cost about $1 million annually to mitigate. Secondly, there is a medium exploitation risk because of quality of geologists’ reports. Moreover, economic risk and financial...

Words: 1264 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Jennifer Child

...Executive Summary A request for a proposal was set by Jennifer Childs, Manager of a mid-size pharmaceutical company, to her three General Managers to propose on the reinvestment of an additional profit of $2,000,000 into the company. She has strained that the proposal should lead to a reduction of cost to the company and or increase in sales. The money would be allocated to one or more of the affected areas. Proposed areas to improve on are: * The Product development department needs upgrading in more laboratory equipment and scientists but the costs involved could absorbed the whole profit amount * Production department needs to be restructured by using employee teams. This could be a good idea, the reasons are as follows: * Suggestions made by employees could be implemented * Cost not too much if work spread over a period of time The only problem we foresee is that Tyler should convinced Jennifer as the things that her father built, weigh up very high for her. * Operational department needs upgrading. Computer equipment can`t handle the volume of transactions – this would require buying new software but this could led to a loss of disruption to the legacy system. It would be suggested that this project being breakdown into phases. * A proposal was made by the Marketing manager to increase his budget to employ more sales representatives, rather than allocating funds to projects as he believe that this will increase sales. What needs to be taken...

Words: 1614 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Merck

...Executive Summary The following analysis of Merck and Company was to thoroughly examine a drug licensing opportunity with LAB Pharmaceuticals, a small pharmaceutical firm. This firm has offered to allow Merck and Company rights to further development of the drug called Davanrik. The analysis includes calculations of probability and decision trees using the Microsoft program Excel. It is assumed that given probabilities are correct, however sensitivity analyses were conducted to show the overall effect of cost and probability changes. Risk was also considered as a major factor in this analysis. It has been determined that Merck & Company should accept the offer from LAB Pharmaceuticals because of the predicted revenue. The relative risk involved with this project is high; however, it has been determined to be part of the nature of the pharmaceutical industry and previous drug development endeavors. Background The nature of the pharmaceutical industry includes a variety of factors. Three of these factors will be described. First, development of a drug can take several decades and therefore pharmaceutical companies incur large research and development expenses with no revenue in return. Because of this, larger pharmaceutical companies that have sufficient capital have typically dominated the drug market. Merck & Co., Inc, a global research-driven pharmaceutical company, has been able to achieve substantial returns to capital by discovering, developing, manufacturing and marketing...

Words: 1914 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Nature View Farms Case Study

...11/16/2009 MRK526MT CASE ANALYSIS-NATUREVIEW FARM SUBMITTED TO DONNA GEARY | BY MAHMOUD ISSA TABLE OF CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMERY THE PROBLEM CHANNEL ANALYSES SITUATION ANALYSES FINANCIAL ANALYSES ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES ALTERNATIVES/ OPTIONS RECOMMENDATION IMPLEMENTATION PLAN BIBLIOGRAPGHY PAGE 3 4,5 6,7 7,8 9 9 10-16 17 18 19 2 Executive Summery The Problem Natureviews main problem is that they have to make strategic marketing decisions to grow revenues to $20,000,000 from their current $13,000,000 before the end of the 2001 fiscal year. Channel Analyses Supermarket channel offers more potential for sales and revenue but also is very costly due to technology and slotting fee requirements and is also risk filled due to many unknown variables. However despite the risk, this channel provides the most exposure and market base. The Nature foods channel offers less risk, but only serves niche market of organic food purchasing consumers. It is cheaper to invest and is expected to grow by 20% annually Strength  Long product shelf life  Reputation of high quality, taste and natural ingredients  Strong relationship with nature store retailers Opportunities  Organic food market expected to grow to $13.3 billion in 2003  Nature store channel sales up 20%  12.5% growth in 4oz multipack  Increase in consumer interest in organic foods Threats  Competition(both in regular yogurt and organic yogurt)  Increasing nature store channel demands on logistics or technology...

Words: 4153 - Pages: 17

Premium Essay

Kjjkjk

...divisions, it is essential for the board of directors to calculate the company’s cost of capital accurately in order to apply it into several vital analyses of the corporation. This paper aims to estimate the corporate and divisional cost of capital for the next fiscal year and along with the estimations, several assumptions and arguments will be discussed to provide better overview and understanding of the whole process to the managers. II. INTRODUCTION TO WEIGHT AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL (WACC): WACC is the weight average of the expected after-tax rates of return for all firm’s various sources of capital (Sheridan, 2011). In Midland, WACC is considered as the market-based weight average of the after-tax cost of debt and cost of equity: Estimation of WACC was used in many researches and analyses within Midland, including asset appraisals for capital budgeting and financial accounting, stock repurchase decisions, performance assessments, and project valuations. The above estimation of WACC requires the calculations of its three components: the cost of equity, the after-tax cost of debt and the firm’s target capital structure. Since changes in these above anticipated uses may affect the corporate target capital structure, various uses of WACC in corporate operations may relatively generate different results of WACC. III. ESTIMATION OF MIDLAND CORPORATE WACC: 1. Cost of Equity: It reflects the risk of cash flows to common equity holders who are the residual claimants of the...

Words: 1267 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Smile

...Preliminary and incomplete Do not quote without authors’ permission How Do Venture Capitalists Choose Investments? by Steven N. Kaplan and Per Strömberg* First Draft: August 2000 This Draft: August 2000 Abstract In this paper, we consider how venture capitalists (VCs) choose or screen their investments by studying the contemporaneous investment analyses produced by 10 venture capital firms for investments in 42 portfolio companies. Consistent with most academic and anecdotal accounts, we find that it is common for VCs to consider explicitly the attractiveness of the opportunity – the market size, the strategy, the technology, customer adoption, and competition – the management team, and the deal terms. We also provide evidence on how the venture capitalists expect to monitor those investments. In at least half of the investments, the VC expects to play an important role in recruiting management. Finally, we complement the investment analyses with information from the financial contracts for the investments and consider the relation of the analyses with the contractual terms and with subsequent performance. In both analyses, the evidence suggests that the VC’s initial appraisal of the management team is important. Stronger management teams obtain more attractive contracts and are more likely to take their companies public. G24: Investment banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage G32: Financing policy; Capital and ownership structure * Graduate School of Business, University...

Words: 12264 - Pages: 50

Premium Essay

Supply Chain Performance Measurements

...customer orders are not fulfilled. • Turnover generated by each product in order to make comparisons between the different adhesive and grout types. • Sales target in order to have a goal to work towards. • Sales growth measurement, which is important to determine if the product sales are increasing to be able to supply the growing demand. KPIs which can be introduced across the marketing department are: • Return on investment in order to determine the revenue that a marketing campaign is making in comparison with the costs to run that campaign. • Incremental sales which demonstrate the effect that the marketing campaign has on increasing sales. KPIs which can be introduced across the procurement department are: • Deliveries which compares the actual delivery date to the promised delivery date of raw materials. Delivery accuracy can then be measured. • Lead times, which should be monitored to determine delivery dates of raw materials. • Total cost savings, which measures the amount of money saved on an order by purchasing the material. A KPI which can be introduced across the scheduling department is: • Schedule adherence, to ensure production runs as smooth as possible. A KPI which can be introduced across the forecasting department is: • Forecasting accuracy, to ensure that the most accurate demand forecasting technique is used. A KPI which can be introduced across the manufacturing department is:...

Words: 1614 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Acca P3 – Professional Level Business Analysis

...ACCA P3 – PROFESSIONAL LEVEL Business Analysis SMART Notes Prepared by Darren Sparkes Email: darrensparkesnotes@sky.com ACCA P3 - Business analysis These notes are not intended to cover the whole of the ACCA P3 syllabus ©Darren Sparkes, 2010 1 Contents Page no. Paper 3 Examiners Approach…………….….... 3 Extracts from the Examiners report ……….…...4 Examination Technique……………….…..……..7 Background and examination format..…............9 Syllabus Overview………………………...........10 Strategic Planning………………………...….....11 Mission and Objectives…………………………12 Business & Professional Ethics..………….…...13 Internal Analysis……………….……………..…14 External Analysis……………..………………....15 Strategic Options……………………….……….17 Method of Growth………………………............18 Portfolio Analysis…………………………….….19 Strategic Choice & Change Management…....20 Marketing………………………………………...21 Organisational Structure…………………….….22 International Market Place.…………….……....23 Business Process Change…….…..…………..24 Information Technology……..…….……..........25 Quality………………………………….……......26 Project Management………………………...…27 Role of Finance………………………………...28 Review and Control………………………..…..29 Strategy and People……………………………30 ACCA P3 – Business Analysis These notes are not intended to cover the whole of the ACCA P3 syllabus © Darren Sparkes, 2010 2 Approach Required ‘Differentiation is important to individuals seeking to pass a management and strategy examination. It is the ability to link strategic and financial...

Words: 5838 - Pages: 24

Free Essay

The Case Exam

...August 2013 Case Examination General Comments on Performance Cape Lane Port Authority (CLPA) Case Background and Required Element The August 2013 Case Examination focuses on a Canadian Crown Corporation, Cape Lane Port Authority (CLPA), charged with operating the industrial and commercial port at Cape Lane, British Columbia (BC). In May 2013, senior management met with the Board of Directors at a planning retreat to address declining sales and profit. Management assured the federal government that actions would be taken to avoid a loss for the 2014 fiscal year, and set a 5% net profit margin target to be met, within three years, as a corporate goal. This target was approved by both the Board members and the federal ministers, to whom they report. The following alternatives were identified for consideration: 1. Invest in renovations in order to proceed with the Bitumen Shipping Project. 2. Divest the Cruise Ship Terminal. 3. Operate a Passenger Ferry. Additionally, the following minor alternatives were identified: 1. Allow a local entrepreneur to build a reception centre in the cruise ship terminal and pay a royalty of 8% of revenue to CLPA. 2. Build a fitness facility in order to reduce sick time. As Kyle Wast, CMA, prepare a report for CLPA’s executive team advising them on the opportunities discussed and addressing any other organizational issues and concerns requiring their attention. Include details of your analysis, support for your recommendations, an action plan to...

Words: 4437 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Case Study – Quantum Telecom

...Assessment 1 (50%) – Individual work     Task:   Develop  a  project  plan  for  an  approved  project  of  choice,  implementing  the  material  that  you  have  covered  and  focusing on Scope, Time, Cost and Risk. The selected project preferably should be a real project example that you  have been involved with previously or currently working on. The following is a list of areas that should be covered  within the assignment, the Project Plan:   ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Brief description of what the project is;  Identification of owner, sponsor and project manager;  Project objectives, deliverables and outcomes in terms of scope, time and cost;  Who are the stakeholders are and showing the impact of the project on stakeholders;  Requirements to be satisfied;  Purpose of the project/business case;  Roles and responsibilities;  Illustrating the value proposition and project benefits;  Risks and treatment;  Work Breakdown Structure (WBS);  Milestones and an activity schedule;  Budget;  Constraints and assumptions;  Usage of any Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) or Organisational Process Assets;  Showing statements/detailed plans of project control and monitoring action  Scope:  This  assignment  will  assess  your  understanding  of  the  Project  Integration,  Project  Time  Management,  Managing  Project Cost and Project Risk course topics. The report should emphasise how you are managing this as a project.  This assignment is intended to be the application of theory and not the reproduction of theory – hence...

Words: 1011 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Unit 2: Finance in the Hospitality Industry

...sponsorship, grants, tracking mechanisms LO2 Understand business in terms of the elements of cost Elements of cost sales; materials; consumables; labour; overheads; capital; gross and net profits; discount costing Selling prices: product and service costing; formula to achieve a specific gross profit percentage; differential gross/net profit margins; marginal costing; effect of competition; freelance; commission; peak/off-peak trading Control of stock and cash: methods eg storage, purchasing, cash, security, reconciliation, stock-taking Taxation: income tax; Value Added Tax (VAT); corporation tax; schedules; rates; personal/capital allowances; post-tax profits, implications LO3 Be able to evaluate business accounts Trial balance: source; structure eg summary of accounts from sales, purchase and nominal ledgers Final accounts: types eg sole trader, partnerships, limited company, trading account, profit and loss account, balance sheet, adjustments for depreciation, accruals, prepayments, bad debt provision; format eg vertical, double-entry, appropriation account; assets/liabilities eg capital, fixed, current, notes to accounts Profit and cash budgets: purpose; types eg profit, cash flow, operating, master; variance analysis to include sales (volume and average spend), cost variances (raw material, labour, overhead), profit variances (gross and net) LO4 Be able to analyse business performance by the application of ratios Sales...

Words: 835 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Feasibility Study Guideline

...overall planning of a whole multi-year infrastructure programme. The term “feasibility study” is used as a convenient description for the output for the work done, users of this toolkit should not apply preconceived notions of what a feasibility study consists of. Stated as simply as possible, the work done here must show that the project: ➢ is in accordance with predetermined needs; ➢ is the most suitable technical solution to the needs; ➢ can be implemented within any capacity constraints of the Institution which operates; ➢ has been subject to a due diligence that shows it is legally, physically and socially compliant; ➢ is fully costed over the whole life of the project; ➢ has taken due cognisance of the risks associated with its whole life cycle; and ➢ is affordable to the institution responsible for the project in the context of the available budget; The feasibility study guideline set out below is for a comprehensive document that, in many instances simply uses information already collected and set out as part of the steps carried out by the Institution. That said it is necessary to create a study that creates a holistic justification for the project and serves as a living document against which project deliverables are measured during procurement and even after implementation of the project. A feasibility study needs to be authentic and thorough. It is the basis for government making an important investment decision, not just a...

Words: 4935 - Pages: 20

Premium Essay

Business Anlysis Iii - Mgt521

...Anadarko recorded a net loss of $2.649 billion for fiscal year ending 2011 (CNNMoney, 2012). There are a large number of companies in the petroleum industry that realized large profits on varying degrees of revenues in 2011, yet Anadarko showed large losses. The question that arises is why did Anadarko lose money, while so many other companies in the same industry were profitable? A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis has been performed on Anadarko to determine if it is worth investing in this company, or consider it another casualty of the industry, economy, or mismanagement, or all of the above. The following SWOT analysis was obtained from the MarketLine reports (Business Source Complete - Publications - SWOT Analyses, 2012). Strengths Anadarko has sufficient reserves; however, 90% of the company’s total reserves were in the United States for fiscal year ending 2011. The remaining 10% of Anadarko’s reserves were...

Words: 3540 - Pages: 15

Premium Essay

Cima

...Qualification structure and syllabus CIMA Chartered Management Accounting Qualification 2010 December 2008 Contents CIMA now designs its qualifications in what we believe to be a unique way. Based on rigorous international primary research with all of our key stakeholders and involving the participation of over 6,000 individuals and organisations – members, students, employers (both existing and potential), CIMA tuition partners, universities and our examiner and marker team – we have designed a professional finance training and development solution that is second to none. I commend this revised CIMA Professional Qualification to you. It will be examined for the first time in 2010, so there is plenty of time to absorb the exciting changes contained in the pages that follow. A qualification focused on the future – fit for purpose, relevant and unique I am honoured to introduce the new 2010 Chartered Management Accounting Qualification to all of our stakeholders. With seismic shifts occurring in the world’s economy, coupled with accelerating concerns about the sustainability of our planet, never before has there been a greater need for organisations to train and develop their people to manage the impact of these changes. With this revised qualification CIMA remains true to its long and proud history of providing finance professionals with a difference – Chartered Management Accountants – who combine management and finance skills in a unique way and who fully understand...

Words: 22006 - Pages: 89

Premium Essay

Risk Management in an Organisation

...Risk Management & Decision Analysis of Energy Projects Assignment 1: A discussion on the application of Risk Management (RM) in an organization Student: D. Seepersad Date: 18th February 2014 Introduction Risk management is a method that organisations use to address the risks that are involved with their particular activities with the main purpose of achieving their objectives. These objectives form part of the sustainability of the organisation’s activities (Institute of Risk Management 2002). Historically risks were associated with being a negative aspect of an organisation’s activities. However, within recent times, it has been proven that risks also have elements of positive opportunities. There are many reasons in which organisations invest in the Risk Management Process. At many firms, the ability to complete projects on time and within budget with minimum incidents is at the core of their success. For this reason, project management is a vital tool for the company’s survival. A project that experience cost over-runs and extended beyond the scheduled time affects not only the specific project team but also the entire organisation. As reported by Vallee B.H in the Gallup Business Journal (2012), Pricewaterhouse Coopers studied 10,460 projects from 200 companies in 30 countries and found that only 2.5% of these projects were 100% completed. Project overrun was the main contributory factor of this failure. Most projects fail due to inadequate or lack of risk...

Words: 4297 - Pages: 18