Premium Essay

Analytical Book Review of Hebrews

In:

Submitted By smitmichaels
Words 1640
Pages 7
Hebrews Book Review Michael L. Smith Oklahoma Wesleyan University November 27, 2014 Professor Devon Smith Abstract This is an analytical book review of Hebrews. This book review is includes a synopsis of the content of the book as well the purpose and the historical context of the book with indications of why this book was included in the canon of scriptures. This review will explore significant passages and the key verses of the book, as well as concluding the book review with writer’s personal commentary on Hebrews. Synopsis The writer of Hebrews neither identifies himself nor does he clearly identify his audience. In addition to not identifying himself or the writer of letters, the writer does not give us the destination of the letter. Martin Luther suggest that Apollos is the writer of Hebrews based on Luke’s account of Apollos in Acts 18:24-28, identifying Apollos as being a well-read, well-educated Hellenistic Jew from Alexandria (The Hebrew-Greek Key Word Study Bible, 2008). It was Clement of Alexandria that argued that Paul authored the book in Hebrew but someone like Luke or Apollos came along and translated it into Greek. Traditionally, the title of the letter is “to the Hebrews” with the possibility of those Hebrews being in Rome. The origin of the book of Hebrews is a mystery but the one thing we do know is that Hebrews is the oldest Greek manuscript (Zondervan, 2009). What is more puzzling is that this manuscript does not use the conventional greeting of the other manuscripts that we find in the canon of scripture. Based on the author’s use of the Septuagint when quoting scriptures from the Old Testament, it is highly likely that he is writing to Greek-speaking Jews outside of the region of Palestine. We can draw the conclusion that the writer is writing to Jewish Believers in Rome

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Microsoft Word

...Myth and Scripture resources for Biblical Study Susan ackerman, Old testament/hebrew Bible editor number 78 Myth and Scripture conteMporary perSpectiveS on religion, language, and iMagination Edited by dexter e. callender Jr. SBl press atlanta copyright © 2014 by SBl press all rights reserved. no part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permitted by the 1976 copyright act or in writing from the publisher. requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the rights and permissions office, Society of Biblical literature, 825 houston Mill road, atlanta, ga 30329 uSa. library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Myth and scripture : contemporary perspectives on religion, language, and imagination / Dexter E. Callender, Jr., editor. p. cm. — (Society of Biblical literature resources for biblical study ; number 78) includes bibliographical references and index. iSBn 978-1-58983-961-8 (paper binding : alk. paper) — iSBn 978-1-58983-962-5 (electronic format) — iSBn 978-1-58983-963-2 (hardcover binding : alk. paper) 1. Myth in the Bible. 2. Bible. old testament—criticism, interpretation, etc. i. callender, dexter e., 1962– editor of compilation. ii. callender, dexter e., 1962– author. Myth and Scripture : dissonance and convergence.. BS520.5.M98 2014 220.6'8—dc23 2014002897...

Words: 5482 - Pages: 22

Free Essay

Seventy Weeks

...The Book of Daniel Prior to my enrollment in a religion course, I had conducted little study on the Book of Daniel. Just as many children are raised in a Christian home, I had heard the stories of the courageous Israelites, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego’s trail in the fiery furnace, King Nebuchadnezzar’s dream of a colossus figure, and how the faithful Daniel spent a night in the ferocious den of lions. However, the prophecies and predictions contained in the book had never been a topic of concern for me. The prophet Daniel completed his memoirs around 530 B.C. and is one of three books compiled during Israel’s Babylonian captivity . Many scholars have debated over the true date and authorship of the book due to its pinpoint accuracy when predicting future events. One of the most intriguing and heavily disputed passages pertains to the prophecy known as the “Seventy Sevens”. In this paper, Daniel’s Prophecy of Seventy Weeks will be exegetically interpreted with a focus on identifying the purpose of the prophecy, the starting time and event for the prophecy, the division of the weeks within the prophecy, and the details pertaining to the fulfillment of this prophecy. The Interpretive Method The prophecy of Seventy Weeks is recorded in the ninth chapter of Daniel, verses 24-27. These four verses are often considered to be the most difficult to understand text recorded in the book . To help understand the depth and meaning of this passage one can benefit from applying...

Words: 2107 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Yigael Yadins Archaeological Contributions

...discovery was Yigael Yadin of Israel. Yadin, not only contributed to the discovery and research of the Dead Sea Scrolls more than any other archeologist, but he also unearthed mysteries surrounding the history of Israel at Masada, Hazor and Tel Megiddo. He was not just an archeologist but he had a public life and military life to make him more of a person of interest. Even though Yadin died, his contributions will be remembered for years to come and will encourage others to continue where he left off. He will be missed greatly in the archaeological field. Hopefully, others will continue his work and continue to excavate different sites in order to find more useful and interesting discoveries of biblical nature. In this paper, we will review who he was, his life as well as his achievements and contributions in the archeological field. We will see that Yigael Yadin was truly an archeologist in every sense of the word – he lived archeology, he studied it and breathed it. It was in his blood so to say. His contributions are far too many to mention in this paper but we will focus on the most important of his contributions. Thesis Statement Through biblical archeology there has been the discovery of artifacts and evidence that would support the history of Israel. The most supporting...

Words: 2440 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

The Arab Language History

...The Arab Language History Arabic belongs to the Semitic family of languages, which also includes Hebrew, Syriac, Aramaic, and several languages of Ethiopia, such as the Amharic and the Tigrinya. Arabic and Hebrew are the only Semitic languages that are still used today both in their writing and speaking forms. Arabic is widely spoken on two continents, from North Africa to the Arabian Peninsula. It is the official language of twenty countries with more than 220 million inhabitants, placing it among the top ten languages of the world in number of speakers. The numerical, political, cultural, and religious status of the language was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1973 when Arabic was made the sixth official language of that body (the others are Chinese, English, Russian, French, and Spanish). Most people know that Arabic is the written and spoken language of the 220 million people of the Arab world, but few realize that the Arabic script is used by approximately one-seventh of the world's population. Its alphabet, with some modification, is used to write non-Semitic languages as well, such as Persian, Urdu and Kurdish (i.e. The Arabic Zaa' with the addition of two dots, becomes the sound 'Zhe' as in Zhivago; the Arabic Faa' with the addition of two dots, makes the 'V' sound and so on—sounds that do not exist in Arabic, but do in Kurdish, Persian and Urdu). The Turkish language employed Arabic script until the 1920's. Several African and Asian languages, such...

Words: 5355 - Pages: 22

Free Essay

Final Review

...FINAL REVIEW Week 6: “Neighbor” By Ben Daniel Offsite: Pastor Traback at the River Community Garden Offsite #2: Almaz at Step Up Silicon Valley * Is Rawls veil of ignorance the equivalent of Ellacuria’s preferential option for the poor? * Recford and Daniel: * Both Protestant ministers (biblical texts as source or vehicle for framing and thinking through issues) * Both deliberate and conscious of challenges of relating Biblical faith to Social issues * Housing and immigration are public policy issues * Daniel devotes a chapter to this question, using “Caesar vs. God” image from New Testament * Micah Shows up in both books (see below) * Differences? * Is immigration more of a “hot button” issue than housing? * If so, do we find different kinds of rhetoric? * Phil comment in class: Does Reckford focus more on system or structures or root causes (next slide) and Daniel more on individuals? * If so, do we have different kinds of solidarity in these two approaches? * Root Causes (“cycle”) of Poverty (structural analysis) (52-53) * Rhetorical device? * Cites 5 of them * “social capital” (56-58) is a rich illustration * Solidarity involves “learning” and “sensitivity” and “collaboration” (60) * Corresponding interventions/Solutions * E.g. “not charity but capital” (Clarence Jordan, cited 54) * 62-63: justice = level playing field (Sen. M. Fenwick, grandmother) ...

Words: 2923 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

The Public Needs to Know

...com****** COSMIC CODES Copyright © 1999 by Koinonia House Revised 2004 P.O. Box D Coeur d’Alene, ID 83816-0347 Web Site: http://www.khouse.org Second Printing 2004 Third Printing 2011 ISBN 978-1-57821-072-5 Design and production by Koechel Peterson & Associates, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Scripture quotations in this book are taken from the King James Version of the Bible. All rights reserved. No portion of this book may reproduced in any form without the written permission of the Publisher. Printed in the United States of America. ******ebook converter DEMO - www.ebook-converter.com******* ******Created by ebook converter - www.ebook-converter.com****** “Cosmic Codes was the authoritative resource that we relied on in the research of our PAX-TV/Discovery Channel television special Secrets of the Bible Code Revealed. It’s absolutely packed with fascinating factual information on all of the Bible-related codes.” DAVID W. BALSIGER PRODUCER, SECRETS OF THE BIBLE CODE REVEALED “Chuck Missler writes from a technological and Biblical background in this cutting-edge analysis of the hidden codes of the Bible. This thoroughly researched book assists those investigating the inerrancy of the Word of God.” JOHN ANKERBERG ANKERBERG THEOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE THE JOHN ANKERBERG SHOW “Chuck Missler has searched the entire range of the Bible and documented the presence of messages held beyond a simple reading of the text. For many, the information in Cosmic...

Words: 141008 - Pages: 565

Premium Essay

Echose

...D.Min. Project Prospectus Sharon L. Smith I. Title: Bridging the Gap: A Pilot Project Aimed at Mutually Equipping Church and Business Leaders for Kingdom Impact II. The Context: Followers of Jesus Christ who possess a divine calling, talents, and gifts to work and serve God through specific voluntary or paid vocations in the workplace face daily opportunities to impact the Kingdom of God. When believers walk by faith and obedience in the revelation that God’s divine presence and purpose is with them daily in their work lives, God empowers them to lead change that can transform lives, businesses, and even nations. Believers clearly see this truth in the lives of Abraham, Joseph, Daniel, and Nehemiah. The Great Commission (Matt. 28) commands believers to go into all the world and preach the gospel to every person. This directive includes Holy Spirit-empowered witness in the marketplace with signs, wonders, and the gifts of the Holy Spirit in operation. As His priests (1 Pet. 2:5; Rom. 12:1-2), God calls believers ordained for the twenty-first century workplace to worship and serve Him through their actions, words, and works. God’s Word calls for excellence in whatever a person does (Col. 3:17). Fruitfulness follows when believers root biblical ethics in excellence, and practice it in relationships and business decisions. Anthropologists and missiologists are observing major global shifts causing leaders to revise their understanding of the notion of culture...

Words: 4498 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Sigmund Freud

...boy's future.[12] In 1859 the Freud family left Freiberg. Freud’s half brothers immigrated to Manchester, England, parting him from the “inseparable” playmate of his early childhood, Emanuel’s son, John.[13] Jacob Freud took his wife and two children (Freud's sister, Anna, was born in 1858; a brother, Julius, had died in infancy) firstly to Leipzig and then in 1860 to Vienna where four sisters (Rosa, Marie, Adolfine and Paula) and a brother (Alexander) were born. In 1865, the nine-year-old Freud entered the Leopoldstädter Kommunal-Realgymnasium, a prominent high school. He proved an outstanding pupil and graduated from the Matura in 1873 with honors. He loved literature and was proficient in German, French, Italian, Spanish, English, Hebrew, Latin and Greek.[14] Freud read William Shakespeare in English throughout his life, and it has been suggested that his understanding of human psychology was derived from Shakespeare's plays.[15] Freud entered the University of Vienna at age 17. He had planned to study law, but joined the medical...

Words: 3826 - Pages: 16

Free Essay

Sssssss

...DIVINATION SYSTEMS  Written by Nicole Yalsovac  Additional sections contributed by Sean Michael Smith and Christine Breese, D.D. Ph.D.  Introduction  Nichole Yalsovac  Prophetic revelation, or Divination, dates back to the earliest known times of human existence. The oldest  of  all  Chinese  texts,  the  I  Ching,  is  a  divination  system  older  than  recorded  history.  James  Legge  says  in  his  translation of I Ching: Book Of Changes (1996), “The desire to seek answers and to predict the future is as old as  civilization  itself.”  Mankind  has  always  had  a  desire  to  know  what  the  future  holds.  Evidence  shows  that  methods of divination, also known as fortune telling, were used by the ancient Egyptians, Chinese, Babylonians  and the Sumerians (who resided in what is now Iraq) as early as six‐thousand years ago.  Divination  was  originally  a  device  of  royalty  and  has  often  been  an  essential  part  of  religion  and  medicine. Significant leaders and royalty often employed priests, doctors, soothsayers and astrologers as advisers  and consultants on what the future held. Every civilization has held a belief in at least some type of divination.  The point of divination in the ancient world was to ascertain the will of the gods. In fact, divination is so  called because it is assumed to be a gift of the divine, a gift from the gods. This gift of obtaining knowledge of the  unknown  uses  a  wide  range  of  tools  and  an  enormous  variety  of ...

Words: 45715 - Pages: 183

Free Essay

Solution-Focused Pastoral Counseling Final Project

...SOLUTION-FOCUSED PASTORAL COUNSELING FINAL PROJECT By Marlinda M. House Rhodes Student ID #: 25149472 Presented to Dr. Max Grayson Mills In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Introduction to Pastoral Counseling PACO 500 Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA August 18, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………..3 PART 1: THE COUNSELING SETTING Solution-Focused Pastoral Counseling Preference…………………………………....4 PART 2: THE COUNSELING STYLE Rational of Style and Assessments……………………………………………………….5 Overview Check and Balance………………………………………………………....6 PART 3: The Counseling Structure Strategy Phase 1 The Event…………………………………………………………………....7 Phase 2 Preferred Solutions………………………………………………………….….8 Phase 3 The Path to Change……………………………………………………….…9 Phase 4 Covenants for Success …………………………………………………………9 PART 4: Counseling Summation Supportive Approach ……………………………………………………………..10 ...

Words: 13945 - Pages: 56

Free Essay

Zakat

...SHEIKH ZAYED ISLAMIC CENTRE University of Karachi “ISLAM & SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT” Submitted to: Dr. Umar Hayat Asim Submitted by: Ariba Inayet Roll# 05 Date: September 10, 2015 Islam: Islam is one of the largest religions in the world with over 1 billion followers. It is a monotheistic faith based on revelations received by the Prophet Muhammad in 7th-century Saudi Arabia. The Arabic word Islam means “submission” reflecting the faith's central tenet of submitting to the will of God. Followers of Islam are called Muslims. The sacred text of Islam, the Qur'an, was written in Arabic within 30 years of Muhammad's death. Muslims believe it contains the literal word of God. Also important is the tradition of the sayings and actions of Muhammad and his companions, collected in the Hadith. Islamic practices center on the Five Pillars of Islam—faith; prayer; fasting; pilgrimage to Mecca; and alms Science: Science is the system of acquiring knowledge through use of the scientific method — that is, generating hypotheses and theories through observation and testing. Science is intimately linked with technology; technology is developed using scientific discoveries and science is reliant on technology to further its ideas. The goals of science are to learn more about the world and use this knowledge for the betterment of humankind, or for the destruction of mankind, whichever comes first. The term "science" originally referred to knowledge in general. However, it has been...

Words: 6250 - Pages: 25

Premium Essay

Krashen

...and Second Language Learning Stephen D Krashen University of Southern California Copyright © 1981 Stephen Krashen All Rights Reserved. This publication may be downloaded and copied without charge for all reasonable, non-commercial educational purposes, provided no alterations in the text are made. First printed edition 1981 by Pergamon Press Inc. Print Edition ISBN 0-08-025338-5 First internet edition December 2002 i Acknowledgments I would like to thank the following journals and organizations for granting permission to reprint material: Newbury House, the Center for Applied Linguistics, Language Learning, TESOL, the SPEAQ Journal, Academic Press. I have had a great deal of help and feedback from many people in writing this book. Among the many scholars and friends I am indebted to are Marina Burt, Earl Stevick, Heidi Dulay, Robin Scarcella, Rosario Gingras, Nathalie Bailey, Carolyn Madden, Georgette Ioup, Linda Galloway, Herbert Seliger, Noel Houck, Judith Robertson, Steven Sternfeld, Batyia Elbaum, Adrian Palmer, John Oller, John Lamendella, Evelyn Hatch, John Schumann, Eugene Brière, Diane Larsen-Freeman, Larry Hyman, Tina Bennet, Ann Fathman, Janet Kayfetz, Ann Peters, Kenji Hakuta, Elinor Ochs, Elaine Andersen, Peter Shaw, and Larry Selinker. I also would like to express my thanks to those scholars whose work has stimulated my own thinking in the early stages of the research reported on here: John Upshur, Leonard Newmark, and S. Pit Corder all recognized the...

Words: 54067 - Pages: 217

Premium Essay

Auditing Cases

...Auditing Cases instructor resource Manual f our th e d itio n Mark S. Beasley Frank A. Buckless Steven M. Glover Douglas F. Prawitt do not coPy or redistribute Prentice hall Upper Saddle River, New Jersey ta b l e s e ct ion o f co n t e n t s 1 2 client acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S o l u tionS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 1.1 Ocean Manufacturing, Inc. 3 The New Client Acceptance Decision s e ct ion Understanding the Client’s Business and assessing risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 S o l u tionS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 2.1 Your1040Return.com Evaluating eBusiness Revenue Recognition, Information Privacy, and Electronic Evidence Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2 2.3 2.4 Dell Computer Corporation Evaluation of Client Business Risk Flash Technologies, Inc. Asher Farms Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Risk Analysis and Resolution of Client Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Understanding of Client’s Business Environment s e ct ion 3 Professional and ethical issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 S o l u tio nS inc lu de d in t h iS Section 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 A Day in the Life of Brent Dorsey Staff Auditor Professional Pressures Nathan Johnson’s Rental Car Reimbursement Solving Ethical Dilemmas–Should...

Words: 162000 - Pages: 648

Free Essay

Xxxxxx

...All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-142626-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-139044-8 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute...

Words: 31831 - Pages: 128

Premium Essay

India - Global Business Cultural Analysis

...Abstract India is a complex nation with a rich history and years of diversity. With the rise of the global economy over the last century, it is safe to say that the country has become a major multi-national player. Although outsourcing to India has been a trend since the early 90’s, the country also has a growing local economy that is primed for investment should the right opportunity arise. However, not just any company can invest in or partner with India. Because India is rich in tradition and very slow to change its views, it will take a savvy, experienced investor with a team of managers willing to take on the task of creating a successful partnership with a country whose past has been riveted with corruption and a caste system that tends to hold its citizens back from improvement. A Multi National Corporation (MNC), with the right resources, will be able to benefit from the positive attributes of the developing country while at the same time contributing to the reduction of poverty and improved lifestyle of local citizens. Q#1. What are the major elements and dimensions of culture in this region? Communication The dimensions of culture can be summed up in a few points: communication, religion, ethics, values and attitudes, manners, customs, social structures and organizations, and education. Beginning with communication is perhaps the most important aspect of culture for a business manager to address. In Cross Border Commerce, author Brian Satterlee quotes John...

Words: 8171 - Pages: 33