...Ancient Egypt is a wonderful land of mystery. People today still have no idea how to duplicate some of the achievements of Ancient Egyptians. Egypt became a great civilization due to many things, but there were three that seem to stand out above the rest. They were the geography, culture, and Architecture. Egypt can be divided into four major regions: the Nile Valley and Delta, the Arabian Desert, the Libyan Desert, and the Sinai. The Nile River valley is about 950 mi. long. In the south the valley is rarely more than 2 mi. wide. "North of EDFU (Idfu) the valley averages 5 to 10 mi. in width, with steep cliffs on either side" . From Cairo to the north, the valley merges with the fertile delta. "Southwest of Cairo near...
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...Egypt is divided into twenty-six governorates (sometimes called provinces), which include four city governorates: Alexandria (Al Iskandariyah), Cairo (Al Qahirah), Port Said (Bur Said) and Suez; the nine governorates of Lower Egypt in the Nile Delta region; the eight governorates of Upper Egypt along the Nile River south from Cairo to Aswan; and the five frontier governorates covering Sinai and the deserts that lie west and east of the Nile. All governorates, except the frontier ones, are in the Nile Delta or along the Nile Valley and Suez Canal. Ancient Egyptian architecture is the architecture of Ancient Egypt, which developed a vast array of diverse structures in great architectural monuments along the Nile. Egypt was on of the most influential civilizations throughout history. The Karnak is an ancient Egyptian temple located on the east bank of the Nile River in Thebes (modern-day Luxor). It covers more than 100 hectares, an area larger than some ancient cities. To the south of the central area is a smaller precinct dedicated to his wife, the goddess Mut. In the north, there is another precinct dedicated to Montu, the falcon-headed god of war. Also, to...
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...religion and praise of God and man. Egypt sets it’s self apart from these other places because of the history Egypt agriculture has, the influence the agricultural on many religious followers on many religious fronts today, and the vitality the monuments still have after years of punishment through the elements. The construction of the temples and pyramids in Egypt is a testament to the importance of spirituality to the people of Egypt. Making them an interesting people and the monuments made a remarkable feat to be astonished for many years to come. During the ancient times of Egypt, life began and ended with...
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...This paper unravels the mystery surrounding the death of Tutankhamen, an Egyptian Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (1333 BC- 1323 BC in conventional chronology), a period in the history of Egypt regarded as the “New Kingdom” Hankey and Julie (2007). In addition, the paper discusses a brief history of Tutankhamen (the boy king of Egypt) who reigned for 10 years, the cause of his rather untimely death, which up to this day people continues to discuss with a certain degree of uncertainty. The paper accomplishes these tasks by providing a brief summary of some theories that might explain the mystery that surrounds Tutankhamen’s death. Finally, the paper identifies a particular theory out of many regarding Tutankhamen’s death that best explains the mystery of his death. Brief History Before discussing the mystery surrounding the death of Tutankhamen, it is important to know who he was and how and why he became the youngest pharaoh (king) in the history of Egypt and probably the entire world. According to Clayton (2006), Tutankhamen was the son Akhenaten, a former Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt who ruled for 17 years and died probably around 1336 BC or 1334 BC. Tutankhamen who reigned for 10 years, became Pharaoh at the age of nine, but died at the age of 18. Historically, as a prince he was known as Tutankhamen, a name which means living image of Aten. Clayton (2006) describes Aten the disk of the sun in ancient Egypt mythology, and originally an aspect of RA, ancient Egypt...
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...clocks in Ancient Egypt—a water clock and a sundial. A water clock sounds very complicated, but really it’s not. It is a little stand with a pot on the top of the stand and a pot at the bottom of the stand. The pot at the top of the stand had a hole drilled in the side. This pot was then filled with water and the water would flow out of the top pot down to the bottom pot. When the water was at a certain level, it was a certain time. The only disadvantage to the water clock was that you had to keep refilling it. The sundial was basically a circle with numbers written around it with a little stick in the middle. When the stick’s shadow fell at a certain number, it was that time. One big advantage the water clock had over the sundial was you couldn’t use the sundial at night and the water clock you could. The characteristics of ancient Egyptians are indicated by a set of artifacts and customs that lasted for thousands of years. The Egyptians invented and used many basic machines, such as the ramp and the lever, to aid construction processes. They used rope trusses to stiffen the beam of ships. Egyptian paper, made from papyrus, and pottery was mass produced and exported throughout the Mediterranean basin. The wheel, however, did not arrive until foreign invaders introduced the chariot in the 16th century BC. The Egyptians also played an important role in developing Mediterranean maritime technology including ships and lighthouses. Significant advances in ancient Egypt during the...
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...The West-Thebes (WT) Archives, in Egypt Collecting Policy: The West-Thebes Archive was founded to be located in the city of Luxor, Egypt, for the purpose of establishing a repository for all materials and records that have a permanent historical value and document the history of the excavation process in Thebes, one of the ancient Egyptian necropolises on the west bank of Luxor, Egypt. Records must be in English language and must refer to the work of the different excavation missions relates to the archaeological site, in the period between (1890-1940), which may be contained in the following materials; - Black and white excavation photographs taken by the early archaeological missions and more recent color and digital images as well....
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...EGYPT BEYOND THE PYRAMIDS PAGE 1 THE HISTORY CHANNEL CLASSROOM PRESENTS EGYPT TEACHER’S GUIDE Egypt Beyond The Pyramids The mystifying world of ancient Egypt comes to life in this four-part miniseries, Egypt Beyond the Pyramids. Within the walls of recently excavated temples and tombs lie secrets that will challenge current ideas about ancient Egypt. Discoveries—from the enormous burial tomb called KV5 to the sacred temples of Karnak—show how ancient Egyptians lived, worked, worshipped, and honored their dead. To provide a deeper understanding of Egypt’s past, head archaeologist Dr. Kent Weeks, along with other Egyptologists, leads viewers into ancient temples and tombs—including the resting place of Pharaoh Ramesses II’s lost children—some recorded on film for the first time. Epic in scope, Egypt Beyond the Pyramids demonstrates that as archaeologists uncover more about the past, their discoveries yield more questions than answers. Curriculum Links Egypt Beyond the Pyramids is appropriate for middle and high school classes in world history, ancient history, and art history. National History Standards Egypt Beyond the Pyramids fulfills the following National Standards for History: Historical Thinking 1 (Chronological Thinking), 2 (Historical Comprehension), 3 (Historical Analysis and Interpretation), 4 (Historical Research Capabilities), World History, Era 2. EGYPT BEYOND THE PYRAMIDS THE HISTORY CHANNEL CLASSROOM PRESENTS EGYPT HOUR 1: MANSIONS OF THE SPIRITS ...
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...A Guide on How to write a research paper 1. Establish Your Topic * Genuinely interests you. * Read and think about what you'd like to do. * Narrow it down to something more manageable (e.g.: Too general: Ancient Egypt. Revised: The building of the pyramids of Ancient Egypt. * Brainstorming to get ideas. 2. Identify the goal of the paper * An argumentative research paper: argues for one point of view. The issue should be debatable with a logical counter argument. * An analytical research paper: offers a fresh look at an important issue to persuade audience that it is important. 3. Look for Sources of Information * Books, magazine articles, and internet articles. * A research paper should use at least four sources. * The academic credibility of a source could be considered. * Make note of page numbers, URLs, and quotable passages for citation. 4. Read Your Sources and Take Notes * Use index cards to relate ideas from different sources. * Keep source information on the other side of the cards. * Use quotation marks for “copy/paste” to avoid PLAGIARISM. * Organize your note cards by subtopic to make an outline. 5. Write a First Draft * Table of contents. * Introduction (let the reader know what the topic is, inform the reader about your point of view, arouse the reader's curiosity to read more). * Body (Limit each paragraph to one main idea, prove your points continually by using specific...
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...Israel and the Nature of Covenant in the ancient Near East A Paper Submitted to Dr. Percy D. Johnson, Jr. Of Beulah Heights University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Research Paper for the Course Interpretation of the Old Testament Bi601 Damon Richardson April 29, 2012 Introduction Exodus chapter 20 is foundational for the proper understanding of the basis of ancient Israel’s relationship with YHWH and the significance of the covenant that YHWH made with them. Therefore the focus of this paper will be to provide the basic framework for viewing this important chapter not only from an exegetical standpoint but more contextually from its ancient Near Eastern cultural matrix in order to gain some perspective and understanding as to the meaning of this familiar text. Genre of Exodus 20ff Over 50 years ago, George Mendenhall, wrote a series of articles centered on newly discovered documents from ancient Mesopotamia upon which he developed a six point formula from the examination of these fourteenth and thirteenth century Hittite treaties that shaped the way many later scholars came to understand the Biblical text in light of these ancient Hittite suzerainty-vassal covenants. Irvin A. Busenitz in his article Introduction to the Biblical Covenants wrote: The rise of the Documentary Hypothesis, fueled by the concept that religion in Israel developed along evolutionary lines, has in recent centuries suggested that ...
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...Compare and contrast essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece The ancient Egyptian and ancient Greek civilizations are two of the oldest known civilizations in our history. The Egyptian civilization, based in the eastern part of North Africa, is believed to have started around 3150 BC and continued till the end of the Pharaoh rule in 31 BC. The ancient Greek civilization is believed to have been in effect from 1100 BC till about 146 BC. Many similarities and differences existed between these two civilizations, as even though they co-existed during a certain timeframe (1150 BC to 146 BC), they were located in different geographical areas. Because of these differences in geography, both these civilizations were subjected to different kinds of exposure, which included contact with other civilization and cultural inheritance. In the political sphere, we find that the Egyptian civilization had stronger emphasis on central authority, while the Greeks had a more decentralized structure, where powers were distributed over the cities and the states as well. As far as art is concerned, we find that the Egyptians were more involved in creating great monumental and gaudy structures, while the Greeks were more involved in creating smaller, more literary pieces of art. One of the biggest reasons why these two civilizations had these differences is due to their geography. The Egyptians had easy access to large stones that they could bring in to their country and use them to erect such monumental...
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...1)What does the study of humanities involve? What is the relevance of humanities in architecture? 1.The study of humanities involves academic disciplines that study human culture and history. The humanities include ancient and modern languages ,literature, philosophy, religion, and visual and performing arts such as music and theatre. We learn about distant cultures or past cultures. Through the exploration of humanities we learn how to think creatively and critically to reason and ask questions. These efforts preserve the great accomplishments of the past help us understand the world we live in and give us tools to imagine the future. 2.What are the broad divisions of human history? Write a brief on each. Prehistory (meaning "before history", or "before knowledge acquired by investigation", from the Latin word for "before," præ, and historia) is the span of time before recorded history or the invention of writing systems. Prehistory refers to the period of human existence before the availability of those written records with which recorded history begins. More broadly, it can refer to all the time preceding human existence and the invention. The term "prehistory" can refer to the vast span of time since the beginning of the Universe, but more often it refers to the period since life appeared on Earth, or even more specifically to the time since human-like beings appeared.[4][5] In dividing up human prehistory, prehistorians typically use the three-age system, whereas scholars...
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...was repeated by Hugh Trevor-Roper, Regius Professor of History at Oxford University, as late as 1963. Africa, the birthplace of humanity We now knowWe now know that far from having no history, it is likely that human history actually began in Africa. The oldest evidence of human existence and that of our immediate ancestors has been found in Africa. In July 2002 further evidence of the existence of early hominids in Africa was found with the discovery of the fossilised remains of what has been called Sahelanthropus tchadensis, thought to be between 6-7 million years old, in Chad. The latest scientific research points to the fact that all human beings are likely to have African ancestors. Trade, Cultures and Civilisations in Africa Africa’s great civilisations made an immense contribution to the world, which are still marvelled at by people today. Ancient Egypt, which first developed over 5000 years ago. is one of the most notable of these civilisations and one of the...
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...Selecting a strong research paper topic often daunts students. The key to writing a good research paper is finding a topic that interests you and focusing your research on a specific question. Social studies research encompasses the fields of history, sociology, political science, religion, psychology, civics and anthropology. Extend previous research in these areas by asking a new question or exploring a social issue. Other People Are Reading  Topics for Qualitative Research  A List of Research Paper Topics  1.Civil Rights ◦The civil rights movement was at its peak in the 1960s, ultimately resulting in laws abolishing discriminatory hiring and education practices. Possible research paper topics may focus on the role of individuals or groups that affected the outcome of the movement. The contributions of Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panther Party, the Weathermen, the Brown Berets or Jesse Jackson to civil rights demonstrations and legislation may be appropriate paper topics. 2.Cultural History ◦Social studies classes often explore the contributions of certain cultures in history. Focus on Native American culture by writing about the Trail of Tears, Paleoindian tool development, cooperation between colonists and Native Americans, the effects of the reservation system or Native American participation in the U.S. military. Other possible social studies papers may focus on Mayan culture, scientific advances in early Islamic cultures, the creation of...
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...Uslu1 ------------------------------------------------- Human Trafficking in Egypt ------------------------------------------------- Human Rights Research Paper Sally Anne Corcoran ETHR 100 Sec2 Seren Seren Uslu 20130966 25.03.2014 Abstract Human trafficking is a widespread human rights violation in Middle-East mostly in Egypt. Despite the fact it is recognized and the consequences are harmful, state party fails to suspend traffickers and implement penalties, which will be dissuasive for a further violation. The violation will be examined in international instruments’ and victim’s point of view. Uslu2 Ancient Egypt is one of the most rooted civilizations in Middle East by its 7.000 years history and it has reigned under powerful sovereigns whom founded more than 10 empires such...
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...Franco Professor Burke MES M111 June 4, 2015 Research Essay Commodities That Revolutionized The Early Middle East And West Region Introduction Since ancient times, Commodities have always played an important role in the development of civilizations all around the world. This research paper focus it attention on the Early cultures of the Middle East and the way they marketed a wide variety of commodities, particularly: sugar, coffee, and tobacco, which became not only a very profitable business but they transformed the social and economic growth of the region, expanded the trade to the West and influences ancient people’s daily life, traditions, and religious beliefs from the 600s AC to early 1900s. Supporting Archaeological evidence...
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