...Ancient Olympics Essay, Research Paper Since 1896, the year the Olympics were resurrected from ancient history, the Olympics have been a symbol of the camaraderie and harmony possible on a global scale. The gathering of athletic representatives, the pride of the pack, from participating governments, even throughout the recent Cold War period, is proof that world unity is possible; just as it was in Ancient Greece with the polis or city-states. Olympic Games were held throughout Ancient Greece, but the most famous are the games that were held in Olympia in honor of Zeus every four years from August 6th to September 19th. The first record of these games is of one Coroebus of Elis, a cook, winning a sprint race in 776 BC. Most historians believe the games to have been going on for approximately 500 years before this. In the year Coroebus was made a part of history, there was apparently only one simple event, a race called the stade. The track was said to be one stade long or roughly 210 yards. In subsequent games, additional events were to be added, most likely to increase the challenge to these amazing athletes. In 724 BC, the diaulos, a two stade race, was added, followed by a long distance race, about 2 1/4 miles and called the dolichos, at the next games four years later. Wrestling and the famous Pentathlon were introduced in 708 BC. The Pentathlon consisted of five events; the long jump, javelin throw, discus...
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...Soccer Research Paper How Soccer started The history of soccer started long ago, and it’s big now. The Chinese and Japanese people played many different kinds of soccer in ancient times. In fact it really started the whole soccer Industry. 2000 years ago Chinese people kicked and move a ball with their feet to train soldiers. The Han Dynasty of football/soccer was called Tsu’ Chu and they kicked a ball made of leather with feathers inside through an opening. Another game that is almost like Tsu’ Chu is Kemari which is still played today. The Greeks and Romans also played many different forms of soccer in ancient times, that were fun. A game played by the Romans was Harpastum. In this game 27 men played on each side, and it was so rough and crazy that 2 thirds of the men had to be hospitalized after a game. Soccer/football was hard and you need to have technique and talent for it, so they used it to train soldiers. Football was believed to came from Harpastum. The game was brought to Britain from the Greeks and Romans. Another game played was Episkyros by the Greeks. Football was first called soccer by people in Britain. It started in Britain but now the Americans use the term soccer to distinguish it from football. The English rarely used the term soccer, preferring to call it football. Around this time in England, the term “soccer” was used as a British slang word. In the centuries that were passing, it revealed a lot of different games going back to the...
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...Nichols College | Sport Seminar Final Research Paper | Professor Hendrick | | Sean Fleming | 4/29/2014 | | Abstract This is my final research paper in conclusion to my studies in the Sports Management program at Nichols College. This is a research study on the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 1 Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 2 List of Tables and Figures………………………………………………………………………………………………….page 3 Chapter I: Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………page 4 Chapter II: Review of Literature Chapter III: Research Methodology Chapter IV: Results Chapter V: Discussion and Conclusions References Appendices Tables and Figures Chapter I: Introduction This purpose of this study will pertain to whether the use of professional athletes from American sports leagues in the Olympic Games is a good or bad idea. Currently, players from the National Hockey League (NHL), National Basketball Association (NBA), Major League Soccer (MLS), Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) and the Professional Golfers Association (PGA TOUR) are allowed to participate in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games by their respective leagues. There are many problems that have arisen from the allowance of professionals in the Olympics. They range from injuries to star players, financial impacts on the leagues, shutdown of schedules...
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...SIOP Lesson Plans: Seeing The Trees for The Forest Kimberly Kidd, Kristen Martin, Mandi Moody, Cara Goff ESL 434 8/24/2012 Amy McDonnel Kimberly Kidd, Kristen Prater Mandi Moody, Cara Goff ESL 434 8/24/2012 Amy McDonnel CLC Lesson Rationale These lesson plans enhance student achievement by presenting the content in several ways, giving the students tools to help their language use, using content that is relevant to the student’s life, encouraging group participation, and using an assessment that not only measures their understanding of the topic, but also meets both the both 6th grade content area standards, and English Language Learner (ELL) standards. By implementing these lesson plans in a unit format, the students are ensured to receive quality instruction under the following standards: Determining the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source, and providing an accurate summary; writing narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences; Understanding the influences of individuals and groups from various cultures on various historical and contemporary societies; understanding the impact of interactions between people and the physical environment on the development and conditions of places and regions; summarizing numerical data sets in relation to their context; identifying the mean, median, range and mode; Throughout the writing...
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...African Americans and their involvement in Olympic Swimming; Why are there so few African American swimmers? Marcos Mendez Georgia Southern University Abstract This paper explores the phenomena that we see in Olympic Swimming. Whites dominate this sport and African Americans hardly ever participate in this sport. This research paper explores why that is, by examining numerous sources. These sources were obtained using the internet. From the research conducted, their seem to be varying answers to this question. However the main ones are genetics and socioeconomic factors. Consequently, the genetic research is not a direct correlation to why African Americans don’t participate in swimming. Genetics only points out that differences in muscle composition, bone density, and buoyancy have some effect on a person’s ability to swim. The major cause for this goes into the past to segregation and economics. History of Olympic Swimming Swimming was learnt by prehistoric people in order to cross bodies of water. This can be proved in ancient egyptian paintings( 2011 Olympic. Org). Swimming did not truly become an organized sport until the early 19th century when British swimming clubs began to hold competitions. Swimming was added to the Olympic in 1896. History of African American Swimming Now lets look at African swimming. In 1451 when Europeans began exploring Africa. Europeans regarded Africans as “ The best swimmers in the world.” They attributed these swimming skills...
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...Capilano University IBUS 321 Jorge Oceguera Research Report November 19, 2011 Gustavo Portilho 100039316 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Rio 2016 4 Transportation 6 Accommodation/Hospitality 7 Environmental Concern 9 Safety 10 Economic Projections 12 Predictions 14 Additional Sources 16 APPENDIX A 17 Executive Summary This paper has attempted to uncover some facts regarding the upcoming Rio de Janeiro Olympics Games and explain how the city is preparing to host the event. This report explores and predicts the preparation and the impacts of 2016 Summer Games in Rio de Janeiro city. The Brazilian Government expects to boost the economy with increased tourism and create a large number of jobs prior to and during the Games. The exposure of Rio will improve the global awareness of the city and create new opportunities. This report will uncover and highlight the city’s preparation including transportation, accommodation, environmental concerns, safety and economic projections. The paper is concluded with the student predictions towards the Rio hosting the event. Overall the report revels how the Games will provide an opportunity for the city to improve infrastructure and build new world-class venues which be put to use for a long period of time after the Games. The city expects these improvements to stimulate the economy and its sustainable growth providing enough financial gains to compensate for the cost...
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...To understand Terrorism there needs to be a set definition of the word Terrorism within this paper. Terrorism is defined by the United States Law as “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents” (Zalman, Amy PH.D.). The word Terrorist can be defined several different ways. One definition of Terrorist is “a person, usually a member of a group, who uses or advocated terrorism” while another is” a person who terrorizes or frightens others” (Zalman, Amy PH.D.). These definitions make the common citizen think that anyone can be a Terrorist and be involved in terrorism. The history of terrorism can be traced all of the way back to the 1950s and probably back even further. In the 1950s formed in numerous parts of the world and fought the governments of other countries. An example of this is the forming of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in Ireland to fight, as the Irish saw it, the evil empire of Great Britain. In the 1960’s Palestine entered Israel and blew up the Israeli National Carrier water canal. In the 1960s International terrorism begins by the Palestine hijacking of an El Al Flight in 1968. This opened up the door for other terrorists groups to commit hijackings and terrorists were considered to be willing to commit symbolic acts of violence by certain organized groups with either political and or religious grievances. In the 1970s Palestine attacked a school bus and...
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... Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling and Wake 3 2.2.3. The Boat Race 3 3. Pub Sports 3 3.1. History 3 3.2. Bowls 3 3.3. Skittles 3 3.4. Darts 3 3.5. Cue Sports 3 3.5.1. History 3 3.5.2. 8-Ball 3 3.5.3. Snooker 3 4. England and the Olympic Games 3 4.1. Olympic Triumphs of England/ Great Britain 3 4.2. Olympic Games on English Ground 3 4.2.1. 1908 Summer Olympics in London 3 4.2.2. 1948 Summer Olympics in London 3 4.2.3. London 2012 3 5. Golf 3 5.1. History 3 5.2. Famous English Golf Players 3 5.3. Golf in England Today 3 6. Tennis 3 6.1. History 3 6.2. Great English Tennis Players 3 6.3. Tennis in the English Society Today 3 7. Cricket 3 7.1. History of Cricket 3 7.2. Rules 3 7.3. Cricket Idols 3 8. Rugby 3 8.1. History 3 8.2. The Six Nation Championship 3 8.3. Rugby in England Today 3 9. Football 3 9.1. History 3 9.2. English Football Today 3 9.3. Famous English Football Stadiums 3 9.4. Famous English Football Players 3 9.4.1. Sir Bobby Charlton 3 9.4.2. Sir Geoff Hurst 3 9.4.3. Heroes in the Recent Past 3 10. Conclusion 3 11. References 3 1. Introduction The following paper deals with sport in England. Because of the wide range of this topic, this paper will just go into some interesting subjects of English sport. The text will give you information about the history of sport in England and some interesting traditions. It will inform you about some of the most popular and important individual and team...
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...Richard Attias Become a fan Email The Development Factor: The Challenge of Sport in the 21st Century Posted: 10/21/2014 8:39 am EDT Updated: 10/29/2014 9:59 Sport occupies a peculiar place in world dynamics in that it surpasses the limitations of geographical boundaries and social classes. Still, a gap remains between developed and developing nations when it comes to sport. In the industrialized world, sport as an economic sector represents approximately 2% of GDP. For developing economies, though, the challenge remains making sport a factor of economic development, and a driver for social change, so it benefits all citizens in the long term. UNESCO's 1978 International Charter of Physical Education and Sport classified sport as "a fundamental right for all." But the low place sport occupies in the developing world's priorities shows that its importance as an educational and social tool is not yet universal. Everyone agrees that sport contributes to economic development by creating jobs and stimulating business activity. The organization of a major sporting event, for example, is a great opportunity for the local economy. The thousands of people who attend will spend money on food, lodging, transportation and other, related tourist activities. However, in recent years, we see these economic benefits are obvious only the short term. If we take the example of South Africa in 2010, the positive impact of the World Cup was, in terms of job creation and reduced crime...
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...OUTLINE RESEARCH PAPER Can Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED) actually be positive and beneficial for Major League Baseball? “As the likes of Barry Bonds, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa, Roger Clemens and Alex Rodriguez saw their usage exposed, the sport fought back with tougher drug testing and after the 2005 season produced a program punitive enough to minimize the game's doping culture.” (Braun's test result gives MLB major jolt; With MVP under cloud, steroid era is revisited Bob Nightengale, USA TODAY), "Probably the biggest sentence to which he was subjected is the impact on whether he'll be a lock for the Hall of Fame and the stigma that is now attached to his name and his records."(Barry Bonds is sentenced in enduring BALCO saga; No end in sight to BALCO's reach by: Jorge L. Ortiz, USA TODAY). Quotes like these could have been seen all over newspapers and magazines all throughout the past decade. Yes, these athletes did use Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED), but a debate has raged on about just how right are we to scrutinize them for those actions and just how inappropriate their actions were? With baseball professionals on both sides arguing how much of an impact they really had on the game. More so, I'd like to ask the question of whether what they had done was actually in a way good for baseball, and whether Performance Enhancing Drugs should even be banned from baseball? Which, I believe they shouldn’t be for numerous reasons. In order to understand just how...
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...Howard Billings Research Paper Dig 3286 Dromology and Convergence In today’s world of instant digital information and communication technology is constantly advancing. Inventors are constantly working to produce new awe-inspiring products. The goal of all these new products is to work faster than the ones that came before it. Of course, technical advancement is nothing new. Whether it was the car, the microwave, or a vacuum cleaner all were produced to increase the speed at which we do things. The difference is that digital technology is increasing not only the speed of the new products, but the speed at which these new products are being produced. Either way it is safe to say that technology and the world revolve around speed. The main goal of every industry is to do things fast and efficiently. Accessing information and communication is already faster than one could have ever imagined. The quest now is to become even faster. Push technology to its limits. In fact, the quest now is to set new limits. Is it plausible to think that we could one day communicate faster than the speed of light? Olympic track athlete Usain Bolt is a good comparison to where we are today as a technological society. His record breaking 100 meters times have reached mythical proportions. It used to be that taller heavier athletes were at a disadvantage in the 100 meters. Their height and weight would work against them, allowing the smaller runner to jump out to a lead that could not be overcome...
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...China after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games Abstract Mega events have intrigued the academia because of the huge impact they have on the host countries. Not only do mega events catalyse urban regeneration, they also have the ability to command international media’s attention. Furthermore, nations have been known to use mega events such as the Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup, and World Fair to rebuild image and draw in tourists to serve the economic development of the region. While the Olympics are one of the most studied mega events, most of them emphasise on the Western perspective probably because only three out of twenty-six Summer Games have been held in Asia. The most recent one is the 2008 Beijing Olympics, which is the focus of this research. In particular, this study aims to explore China’s image change after the event and the influencing factors that contribute to the change. One’s perception and image change are emotional and subjective; therefore, this research can gain a better insight through qualitative approach. Twenty participants from sixteen countries were recruited and interviewed for 20-30 minutes regarding the Beijing Olympics and related news around that time. The findings showed that China achieved moderate success in rebuilding its image in the economic and technological aspects. Many interviewees were impressed by its organising ability and modernisation. However, China failed to change its image through the Olympics when human rights violations...
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...Capitalization Rules Capitalization is the writing of a word with its first letter in uppercase and the remaining letters in lowercase. Experienced writers are stingy with capitals. It is best not to use them if there is any doubt. Rule 1. Capitalize the first word of a document and the first word after a period. Rule 2. Capitalize proper nouns—and adjectives derived from proper nouns. Examples: the Golden Gate Bridge the Grand Canyon a Russian song a Shakespearean sonnet a Freudian slip With the passage of time, some words originally derived from proper nouns have taken on a life, and authority, of their own and no longer require capitalization. Examples: herculean (from the ancient-Greek hero Hercules) quixotic (from the hero of the classic novel Don Quixote) draconian (from ancient-Athenian lawgiver Draco) The main function of capitals is to focus attention on particular elements within any group of people, places, or things. We can speak of a lake in the middle of the country, or we can be more specific and say Lake Michigan, which distinguishes it from every other lake on earth. Capitalization Reference List * Brand names * Companies * Days of the week and months of the year * Governmental matters Congress (but congressional), the U.S. Constitution (but constitutional), the Electoral College, Department of Agriculture. Note: Many authorities do not capitalize federal orstate unless it is part of the official title: State Water Resources Control...
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...understand and appreciate different points of views involving their way of life. As a result of new appreciation and understanding, prejudice should diminish. Consequently, some policy makers and sociologists have surmised that by implementing this practice and creating “multicultural” communities, the severity of racism and racial prejudices could lessen or even be eradicated. For the most part, however, it seems that multiculturalism will do little or nothing to alleviate prejudice and discrimination. So we are left with the question: “Is racism permanent?” Are sociologists and policy makers enforcing the right measures to combat racism through ‘multicultural education’ and multicultural communities? Henceforth, the main argument of this paper is that ‘Living in a multicultural environment does not nurture tolerance or enhance the acceptance of diverse members living in a community. Not everyone is willing to practice tolerance and multiculturalism only deals with limited aspects...
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...have to use various management styles as every team has different personality types, however, you will also have to be sensitive to and educated on what the cultural differences on your team are and how to tie it all together. Relationship building within your teams and reaching a diverse group with effective communication is a daunting challenge but necessary for success in today’s workforce. Millennials are the most ethnically and racially diverse generation ever in the history of the U.S. One out of three or thirty percent of Millennials is ethnically or racially diverse (Blain, 2008). The workforce is getting more and more diverse requiring effective communication, tolerance of others, and education about cultural differences. This paper will take a closer look at the cultural differences in Hofstede’s Five Dimensions between the United States and India. Cultural Differences in Hofstede’s Five Dimensions The workplace is getting more challenging to manage but Dr. Geert Hofstede and his Five Dimensions of Culture help us to understand, as a general rule, the differences and similarities of people’s beliefs, customs, and value systems from various countries. Dr. Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of Culture are: Power/Distance (PD) – this refers to the degree of inequality that exists – and is accepted – among people with and without power, Individualism (IDV) – this refers to the strength...
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