...Chile Compared to the United States United States Chile Location: Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru. Total Land: 756,102 sq. km Coastline: 6,435 km Terrain: Low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east Climate: Temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south. Border Countries: Argentina 5,308 km, Bolivia 860 km, Peru 171 km Notes: * the longest north-south trending country in the world. * Atacama Desert - the driest desert in the world - spreads across the northern part of the country. * The crater lake of Ojos del Salado is the world's highest lake (at 6,390 m). Natural Advantages: Natural Disadvantages: Severe earthquakes; Active volcanism; Tsunamis * Volcanism - significant volcanic activity due to more than three-dozen active volcanoes along the Andes Mountains; Lascar (elev. 5,592 m), which last erupted in 2007, is the most active volcano in the northern Chilean Andes; Llaima (elev. 3,125 m) in central Chile, which last erupted in 2009, is another of the country's most active; Chaiten's 2008 eruption forced major evacuations. Population Ethnicity * Total Population: 17, 067,369 (July ’12 est.) Religion Age Structure Notes * Literacy Rate: 95.7% * Average Life Expectancy:...
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...Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies Patricia A. Millard Western Governors University Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies The Andes Mountains and the Inca Empire The Andean Civilization known as the Inca Empire existed from the years 1471-1532 in the South American Andes mountain range (Soomo, 2013). A major geographical feature contributing to the growth of the Inca Empire was the mountainous nature of the area surrounding the location of the original tribe. This tribe was located on a plateau about 11,000 feet high, close to what would become the capital city of Cuzco (Hughes, 2002). Local communities had already begun the process of terracing the mountainsides for the purpose of agriculture, but the new Inca Empire expanded and perfected the practice allowing for rapid development. The capital city of Cuzco was laid out in a pattern resembling a puma, with intricate patterns of roads and water channels built of stone (Hughes, 2002). Terraces surrounding the city were built into the mountainside with the same attention to detail, allowing the community to grow food in an inhospitable environment. Archeological evidence has shown that the primary crops were maize and potatoes, with around 200 varieties of potatoes being cultivated at different elevations (A. Smith, 2011). The ability to grow food at these elevations by adapting and changing the geographical challenges they were presented with, allowed the Incas to...
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...Part A The Andean civilizations was a significant geographic factor that shaped the development of South America. The Andes Mountains extend from Venezuela to the southern tip of the continent and considered to be some of the largest as well as the longest chain of mountains (Encyclopedia of Everything Mountains, 2016) in the world. They stretch along the entire west coast of South America from Cape Horn to Panama, a distance of 4,500 miles. Only the Himalaya Mountains and their adjacent ranges such as the Hindu Kush are higher than the Andes range.) The mountains not alone provided boundaries and beauty but it is rumored that the word Andes come from the word Anti which means copper in the Quechuan language. This metal is one of many resources found in this mountain cluster. Found also is gold, silver, tin, lead, iron, platinum, and quicksilver. It is home to many different species of animals, active and non-active volcanoes, great rivers, and glaciers that cover the high peaks of the mountain tops even close to the equator. (Encyclopedia of Everything Mountains, 2016). Part B An example of diffusion that is constant throughout world history is the spread of religious beliefs and practices. These travelled with traders, migrants, and warriors, just as much as with missionaries. For example, Arab traders brought Islam to the north and east of Africa, India, and southeast Asia long before their warriors followed. On the other hand, long before Protestants and Catholics...
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...The wine produced in Chile were used to be made for religious purposes. It has now been changed to be enjoyed with a meal or with a friend. When the Spaniards came in 1551, a Spanish officer succeeded in making wine located 500 kilometers North of Santiago. In 1979, more that 400 years later, Miguel Torres Arrived in Chile. He brought with him new technology to improve the Chilean wine. Miguel brought with him a machine that transformed the verification process. The weather in Chile has the perfect conditions to growing healthy vines. Chile has the Atacama Desert on the north. They have the Andes mountains on the east, that bring the cool breeze from the snow. The pacific ocean on the west brings the cool breeze from the ocean. Antarctica...
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...The Incan civilization function as a highly independent, multi-ethnic empire. They developed great farming techniques and storage that was able to efficiently provide food to their huge empire even through droughts. For instance, they created a farming ground that consisted of three huge impressions that was supported by different layers of rocks that kept the soil cool and well furnished. The Inca did not use money, so instead they relied of exchange like food for protection which benefited both the people and the estate. Cuzco served as their capital city and created a huge road system that connected all their city-states together. However, the Inca’s was ruled by one ruler who was known as the unique lord. He was the military leader, political...
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...Introduction "Lower them sails if you don't want to be blasted out of those Devils they call cannons on the El Demonio! (Meaning The Demon)" Gerardo cried. Come on ye sea dogs, break yer backs! Full speed ahead! "Captain!" "What is it Felipe?" "She's gaining on us. Even when we are at full speed." "Then throw everything we don't need overboard. Knives, crates, spare equipment, gunpowder, everything!" But in his mind, Gerardo knew they couldn't outrun a warship of the Spanish Armada. The only reason that the ship was nicknamed the "El Domino" was because no ship had ever survived the bombardment of its cannon and crew. By now, she was only three hundred meters away, within firing distance. And, as if on queue, SPASH! SPLASH! Cannon fire, he thought. This is it, thought Gerardo. I will die and go down with the La Ola (Meaning The Wave). But right when all hope had been lost, when all thought of return was unthinkable, the El Demonio dropped anchor. "The spirit of the sea is in our favor!" Cried Antonio. "Don't be a fool Antonia, this trick is taught in the Armada. There is a massive storm to our west, and If we go anywhere but west, they will just keep chasing us and will eventually fill our hull with lead. "Then what do we do?" Asked Alejandra. "We will go west. Better to go west and take a chance that we won't die, then not go west and die for sure." Gerardo pointed out. "And the Spanish will not follow?" "No....
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...walls, terraces and ramps seem as if they have been cut naturally in the continuous rock escarpments. The natural setting, on the eastern slopes of the Andes, encompasses the upper Amazon basin with its rich diversity of flora and fauna. Machu Picchu bears, with Cuzco and the other archaeological sites of the valley of the Urubamba (Ollantautaybo, Runcuracay, Sayacmarca, Phuyupamarca, Huiñay Huayna, Intipucu, etc.) a unique testimony to the Inca civilization. Cuzco and the old villages still retain traces of land occupation from the Inca Empire to preserve, in a more global manner, an archaeological heritage which has become susceptible to the effects of urbanization. Furthermore, Macchu Picchu is an outstanding example of man's interaction with his natural environment. Standing 2,430 m above sea level, in the midst of a tropical mountain forest in an extraordinarily beautiful setting, Machu Picchu was probably the most amazing urban creation of the Inca Empire at its height. Its giant walls, terraces and ramps seem as if they have been cut naturally in the continuous rock escarpments. The natural setting, on the eastern slopes of the Andes, encompasses the upper Amazon basin with its rich diversity of flora and fauna. Machu Picchu covers 32,500 ha in some of the scenically most attractive mountainous territory of the Peruvian Andes. As the last stronghold of the Incas and of superb architectural and archaeological importance, Machu Picchu is one of the most important cultural sites...
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...Description of Research The focus of my dissertation is the watersheds of the Andes—how they vary spatially in terms of their physical characteristics including their morphology (e.g. shape, elevation distribution) geology (e.g. structure, lithology). These characteristics are all integrated in a geodatabase, which I am using to connect data on hydrology, erosion, and land use that will provide a macro-scale snapshot of the present-day conditions at a continental scale. My main objectives are to (1) create a geodatabase with morphology and geology of Andean watersheds, (2) integrate and systematically assess all possible sources of data on the hydrology and sediment yield (erosion), and (3) conduct regional fieldwork to verify the spatial data, collect new measurements, and get a sense of the culture and management of watersheds at a local level that is uncommon for a macro-scale study. Broadly, the Andes are divided into 3 distinct segments that are the Northern, Central, and Southern Andes. My proposed work this summer will focus on the Northern Andes, followed by trips to locations in the Central and Southern Andes over the next 2 summers. I expect these to be highly productive because there will be opportunities to network, discuss, and rethink my hypotheses on the different drivers (i.e. human aspects) of hydrology and erosion across the Andes. I will present results based on my first objective, to identify the spatial distribution of watersheds based on their morphology...
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...Theresa Gbekia World history Reimers Williams 10 January 2014 ALIVE Although a plan of 45 people crashed in the Andes, sixteen of them made it alive. Those sixteen faced extremely harsh weathers, loneliness and hunger. On the Andes tops there was no Singh of a living thing, so how did the sixteen men stay alive? The men used the torn up plan as shelter. They accompany each other to wear of loneliness. And yes for food they eat those who did not stay alive! I believe that the overall question of this book is; what will one do to stay Alive when driven from civilization? The sixteen men did an outrageous thing eating their friends. They came to many explanations to make the act righteous. That action of man tells a great fear for live! The men feared for their life and did what they had to do to stay alive. A technological cause that helped answered the question was science .To science; the eating of human flesh simply provides protein just like any other animal meat. The human body does not hold any kind of poison, therefor is edible. A political cause in this book was that the leader/the men that took charge reasoned that God had the bodies there for them to stay alive. The leaders, who were the strongest and healthiest felt responsible to care for the weaker friends and made sure that they were fed. At the end of recuse, none of the sixteen survivors were held in poison for the cannibal act they committed. In fact, some of the victim’s families had no angry words. They...
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...Hogar dulce hogar ¡Hola! Soy Daniela otra vez. It's me, Daniela, again. They say there's no place like home, and while I have made my home in the U.S., I still feel like Chile is home, too. But, I enjoy living in the U.S. There is such a variety of places to live from apartments and condos to single-family homes and big sprawling ranches. I remember when I was looking for a place to live when I started working here. There were so many choices. My home in the U.S. is very different from my home in Chile and even from where I lived when I was studying in Brazil. For one thing, I have a roommate, Teresa, who is from Bolivia. The home of two young women who are friends and co-workers is certainly different from a family home! In the Spanish-speaking world, as in other parts of the world, home styles differ depending on a person's needs, location, and of course, budget. You can get a good idea of what houses are like in the Spanish-speaking world in the following video. Watch the video about homes in Venezuela. Are the homes similar to or different from what you imagined? In which type of home would you like to live? Select the play button to access the "La casa" video from Realidades. Now that you've gotten an idea about homes in the Spanish-speaking world, we are going to learn a little bit more about one of my favorite places in a house—the bedroom. We'll learn words and expressions that we can use to talk about the bedroom and how to describe, compare, and contrast. We'll...
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...00 in U.S. money is equal to 570 to 590 Pesos. The symbol for Pesos is the same dollar sign that we use. Chilean coins run in $1 , $5, $10, $50, and $100. The banks also give $500, $1.000, $5.000, and $10.000. The dots are for the same purpose, to represent thousands. If anyone would be thinking of going to Chile, you should bring U.S. dollars instead of pesos because if you want to exchange pesos, it would be a very high rate. The only problem with bringing U.S. dollars though is that not many places take them. Only places like hotels, airports, travel agencies, and other tourist sites. Geographical Features Some of Chile's geographical features are mountains, deserts, islands, and part of the antarctic. Most of you all know the Andes Mountains which is why Chile is very mountainous. Chile also has the worlds driest desert(Atacama) which is a huge tourist attraction. Religion *the Chilean constitution allows freedom of religion, and other policies contribute to free practice of religion. typical...
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...(2014) capital improvement is an "addition of a permanent structural improvement or the restoration of some aspect of a property that will either enhance the property's overall value or increases its useful life". One type of capital improvement that can be made is with the fencing. Alpaca's are non-aggressive, therefore do not challenge fences; however, it is important to keep animals out. Predators are the main reason for fencing. In the video Peggy did have fences up but they did not appear to be very strong. A second capital improvement could be made in the shelter for the alpaca. Alpaca's are animals that appear to be adaptable to various weather type and climates. Alpaca's are fine in extreme colds as they have survived in the Andes Mountains but they will need shade and airflow in warmer climates (Davis, 2014). Shelter's...
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...Introduction Ah, Colombia a sprawling city of beaches,clubs, and their beautiful nature features. Colombia founded in July 20, in the year of 1810 is a country on the tip of South America known for its restaurants and shops. Colombia boosts a lot from it’s beautiful river the cano cristales, the amazon river, and its food. Colombian history is a bit interesting from the Spanish arriving in 1510 to Pablo Escobar often called the King Of Coke known for his drug trafficking, murders, also kidnappings. Land To the North of Colombia we have the breathtaking Northern Andes, which are a chain of mountains if you're ever planning to climb the Andes mountains be prepared to climb heights as high as 22,838 feet tall! If you manage to climb one of the mountains you’d be breathing some fresh cool air. Also the mountains are pretty steep so watch out. You would also hear the wind rushing through the air and you could touch some of those cool rocks. Colombia is also near the Amazon rain forest so you could taste some of their tasty fruit, but you should watch out for some could be poisonous. You...
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...This dense rainforest covers the headwaters of the Amazon all the way to the eastern slopes of the Andes. This rainforest is so dense that most ways to get into the main hub of it is to go by boat or land in a very unstable landing airport. There are so many diverse plants and animals in the jungle it is very hard to count. One of the plants that lives in the Jungle is called Huasai. This plant has many medicinal values in the body such as curing, fever, malaria and helping diabetes. Even though the Andes mountains cover most of the western part of Peru the Jungle gets more than 100- 160 inches of rainfall a year. When they get this much rainfall many of their rivers, such as the Amazon get overflooded and provide rich soil into other parts of the area. All around the rainforest there is a constant temperature of 72-93. Peru has more than ninety percent and even up to 100 percent of humidity in all parts of the...
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...Five characteristics defined the physical environment of the Inca Empire; high elevation, low temperature, low precipitation, steep mountains and poor vegetation. All of these characteristics influenced how the Incas lived in every way: what they ate, how they managed food and living conditions, and ways of surviving. The Incas developed methods and systems like the Chaquis system, which helped with communication, and system of warehouses and granaries to evenly distribute food throughout the empire. The Inca Empire was located at very high altitude on the Andes Mountains. As a result of this high altitude, the level of oxygen and the temperature was very low. Vegetation was scarce and the trees very short because of the cold and the low level of oxygen. At the level of Tierra Templada, which included many small trees and shrubs, the temperature was cold. There was also very little rain in the Inca Empire; less than 2 inches of rain a year; the land was as almost as dry as any desert. The mountains were very steep and hard to climb up and down. The only crop they could plant on these conditions was the potato. The potato was a very important staple food for the Incas. Along with the potatoes, the Incas ate cuy, which was guinea pig meat. Since the mountains were very steep, there wasn’t much flat land to grow potatoes. So, the Incas created a method of terrace farming where they would make large steps to grow food on. The Incas also built roads out of stone to be able to walk...
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