...The Science and Ethics of Genetic Engineering Research & Position Paper Table of Contents DNA Fingerprinting/ Genetically Modified Foods --------------------------------------------------- p. 3 Gene Therapy/Cloning------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p. 4 Stem Cell Technology------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p. 5 Position Paper------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 6-7 Bibliography-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 8-10 Evaluation Rubric----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p. 7 DNA Fingerprinting DNA fingerprinting are tests that help to identify and analyze a person’s DNA. The term “fingerprinting” is used because finger prints, like DNA, vary from person to person and no two people have the same DNA or fingerprints. So, when scientists identify a person’s DNA, it can only be linked back to one individual and can help to obtain information about that specific individual. DNA fingerprinting can be done through many different ways. Some ways are through blood samples from a vein or heel, saliva samples, skin samples, or hair samples. The purpose of DNA fingerprinting is to help link family members together, find things that cause diseases, to help aid in crime scene investigations, and to...
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...speech patterns, lack of social awareness and clumsiness. In the past and continuing present, typical treatments for ASD primarily focus on improvement and behavior modification. While medication is prescribed to control severe symptoms such as hyperactivity or seizures, there are no known cures for autism. (Therapeutic) There are only methods aimed towards lessening symptoms. However, research into a fairly new treatment called equine assisted therapy, is beginning to show signs of promise. Equine assisted therapy is a type of animal assisted therapy, a field of mental health that acknowledges the bond between horses and humans. It acknowledges the potential for mental healing that can occur when a relationship is formed between the two species, among other benefits as well (Therapeutic). It involves equine activities organized and facilitated by a licensed mental health professional, often with the assistance of a horse professional. These activities are most often completed on the ground and include such things as grooming, feeding, haltering and leading the horse. During the therapy session with the horse, the therapist and participant partake in talk psychotherapy, processing emotions, behaviors and repetitions. The fundamental objective for the child is to build skills including personal accountability, assertiveness, non-verbal communication, confidence, and self-control (ET) With more studies arising, there has been...
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...Cats Help Improve Our Moods and Help Us Deal with Stress Do you know just 15 to 30 minutes of quality time with a cat can calm your nerves and boost your mood? There’s even chemical evidence. When you spend time with a cat, your production of serotonin, a chemical that boosts feelings of well-being, goes up, and your cortisol levels go down. Cortisol, along with high blood pressure, is a result of stress, and can lead to high cholesterol and hypertension. This means that spending time with a cat can keep you healthier in the long run. DID YOU KNOW? A 20-year study found that people who owned a cat were 40% less likely to die from a heart attack. J Vasc Interv Neurol. 2009 January; 2(1): 132-135. PMCID: PMC3317329 Detecting Seizures More and more stories are cropping up about cats that can tell when their owners are about to have seizures and will do their best to warn them. While scientists suspect this ability has something to do with detecting biochemical scents, how it works remains a mystery. BBC News, “Pet cat ‘senses’ Bournemouth owner’s epilepsy.” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-dorset-12740040. Pets Can Be Good for Our Children * When kids imagine how a pet feels, it may help them learn to empathise with their peers and take their feelings into account. * Teaching children to confide in their pets as if they were friends may help children recover from trauma. * Children who own pets may have higher self-esteem. * Teaching kids to care for a...
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...[pic] Term paper Stem cell therapy Irfan manzoor. Roll no: RP7002B22. Reg. no: 11000225. Course: Bsc. Biotech 1. Lovely professional university Contents 1. Stem cells and properties. 2-3 2. Stem cell therapy. 5-12 3. Stem cell use in animals 13-15 4. Recent researches in stem cell therapy 16-19 5. Conclusion 21 6. Bibliography 22 Stem cells Stem cells are cells found in all multi cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse range of specialized cell types. Research in the stem cell field grew out of findings by Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the University of Toronto in the 1960s. The two broad types of mammalian stem cells are: embryonic stem cells that are isolated from the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult stem cells that are found in adult...
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...SAMPLE APA PAPER: PSYCHOTHERAPY AND THE DECEASED The running head is now used as the header and it is positioned flush left (APA, 2009, pp. 229-230) 1 A Sample APA Paper: The Efficacy of Psychotherapeutic Interventions with Profoundly Deceased Patients Jeff Aspelmeier Radford University Author note now goes on title page and not after footnotes at end of paper (APA, 2009, pp. 24-25). Author Note Many parts of this paper were unabashedly ripped off from course materials developed by Dr. John Rosenkoetter that were presented to me when I took research methods with John (we will not discuss how long ago that was). The absurdity of the content contained in the paper is entirely my fault, the underlying educational value is largely John’s. The fact that I have stolen from him is a tribute to the quality of his teaching. Thank you Dr. Rosenkoetter! SAMPLE APA PAPER: PSYCHOTHERAPY AND THE DECEASED 2 Level 1 headings are The words Running head: are excluded Centered and Bold (APA, Abstract from this point on (APA, 2009, pp. 41) 2009, p. 62) The Abstract is a one paragraph summary of the report. Write in block style; the first line is not indented. Depending on the journal there the word limit ranges from 150 to 250 words. Describe Abstract Word limit will depend on the problem under investigation in one sentence. Describe the participants’/subjects’ pertinent which journal you submit to (APA, 2009, p. 27) characteristics (number, type, age, sex, and for animals include genus...
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...Animal Therapy in the United States Military Marti Powell University Composition and Communication II/COM156 November 25, 2013 Tamra Excell Thesis: The United States Military has different animal therapy programs designed to help Wounded Warriors and active deployed soldiers, and has been doing so since the year 1919. I. Animal-Assisted Therapy A. Definition 1. Differences 2. The Heart B. In the Beginning 1. Thru the years 2. Documentation II. Deployment A. War Zone 1. SFC Boe and Budge 2. Trauma and Reassignment B. Lessons 1. Policy 2. Health III. Walter Reed National Military Medical Center A. Programs 1. Dog Tags 2. Warrior Transition B. Nonprofit 1. Qualifications 2. Benefits Abstract Information for this research paper was obtained by reading articles written for the U.S. Army Medical Department Journal, April-June, 2012. These articles were written about the use of canines by the military for Animal-assisted Therapy in the military. All articles are written...
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...2004–2005, in which South Korean scientists falsely claimed to have used somatic cell nuclear transfer to create embryonic stem cell lines, the scientific community demanded much stronger evidence that the procedure had actually been successful. (Learn. Genetics) Subsequently, many states in the US began to prohibit the use of therapeutic and reproductive cloning. Regardless, cloning should be decriminalized, with the stipulation that serious regulations be put into place. People, often too caught in the moral implications of cloning never take the time to learn the scientific process. Moral implications are thoughts and actions of people that result from opinion that society is unjust. In Lou Hawthorne’s “A Project to clone Companion Animals,” he discusses the premise of commercializing cloning, through the company Genetic Savings &...
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...Stem cell research and therapy Stephanie Reeves Rasmussen College Author Note This paper is being submitted on August 3, 2014, for Ellen Doyles’ Human Biology course. Stem cell research and therapy Stem cell research has great significance for medical use. They have the ability to develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. They can also serve as a repair system to many tissues, by dividing without limitation to replenish other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. Stem cells are the body’s raw materials. Stem cell research has created quite the controversy and has been a topic of debate for over a decade. There are 3 types of stem cells that are currently being used in stem cell research and therapies; Embryotic, Adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells. There are a few characteristics that differ between these types of stem cells Embryotic stem cells can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent, and can be grown relatively easy in culture. Adult stem cells are thought to be limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue origin, and are rare in mature tissues which makes it difficult to isolate these cells in adult tissue, and methods to expand their numbers in cell culture has not been worked out as of today. Induced pluripotent stem cells are adult cells that have been genetically altered to have properties of embryonic stem cells. ...
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...Use of Animals 1. Ethics in Psychological Research Paper Lillie Johnson Psych/540 March 3, 2013 Cindy Fouhy Use of Animals 2. Introduction Through the study of animals in different forms of research, psychologists have introduced to us a understanding that is better of human issues in which solving a problem have been easily found. Issues in human like aging, drug addition, side effects, and anxiety have been built through the use of animals. In psychological research, the rules of ethics is a important idea. The rules supply an outline in which researchers are obligated to supply information concerning the motive of the research, deception in research, the use of animals in studies of research, and human care. My paper will focus on the use of animals as an issue of classical ethics in...
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...Jody Vaughn Research Draft Since the discovery of stem cell therapy, it has been a controversial topic of long debate of moral ethics and politically. The discovery of stem cells and their ability to generate new cells began in the 1800’s. Today the topic of research therapy makes headlines with its controversy with the use of embryonic stem cells. Historically stem cell research includes plant, animals and human stem cells but today the prominent use of stem cells in humans is bone marrow transplant. This has become a simple one day medical procedure that is one of a lesser debate. Complete strangers can now simply be tested for a compatible match to an awaiting recipient. This type of success has brought stem cell to the forefront of medical researches discovery of other stem cell therapies that are futuristic in nature and have the possible to cure devastating disease and injuries that would otherwise leave someone completely debilitated or worse. Stem cell therapy is on the verge of being a revolutionary medical advancement in history. The discovery that stem cells could generate new healthy cells in the 1800’s had revolutionized the medical profession. Blood marrow transplant are the front runner of the success that stem cells can produce. This is the prominent force that guides researcher to believe that stem cells can be a cure for many diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, immune deficiency disease, certain types of leukemia’s, severe blood disorders and traumatic...
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...built-in repair system for the human body, replenishing other cells as long as a person is still alive. Adult stem cells are a “natural” solution. They naturally exist in our bodies, and they provide a natural repair mechanism for many tissues of our bodies. They belong in the microenvironment of an adult body, while embryonic stem cells belong in the microenvironment of the early embryo, not in an adult body, where they tend to cause tumors and immune system reactions. Most importantly, adult stem cells have already been successfully used in human therapies for many years. As of this moment, no therapies in humans have ever been successfully carried out using embryonic stem cells. New therapies using adult type stem cells, on the other hand, are being developed all the time. Significance of the Study Stem cell therapy is a potential treatment for spinal cord injury and different stem cell types has been grafted into animal models and humans suffering from spinal trauma. Due to inconsistent results, it is still an important and clinically relevant question which stem cell type will prove to be therapeutically effective. Thus far, stem cells of human sources grafted into spinal cord mostly included barely defined heterogeneous mesenchymal stem cell populations derived from bone marrow or umbilical cord blood. Here, we have transplanted a well-defined unrestricted somatic stem cell isolated from human umbilical cord blood into an acute traumatic spinal cord injury of adult...
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...Thesis Statement: Tissue Engineering's recent developments and advancement in technology has benefitted the medicinal needs of 2010 with new age therapies and methods. Outline: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Definition of Terms 1.1.1 Tissue Engineering 1.1.2 Cloning 1.2 Brief History 1.2.1 Tissue Engineering in the 1980s to 2000s 1.2.2 Effectiveness and Plans of Usage 1.3 Objectives 1.3.1 Medical Advancement 1.3.2 Therapies 1.3.3 Methods 1.4 Scope and Limitations 1.4.1 Discoveries from the 1980 to 2010 2.0 Discussion 2.1 Medical Advancement 2.1.1 Progress and Developments 2.2 Therapies 2.2.1 Autografting 2.2.2 Allografting 2.2.3 Xenografting 2.2.4 Bioartificial Devices 2.3 Methods 2.3.1 In Vitro 2.3.2 In Vivo 3.0 Conclusion Tissue Engineering, a scientific field that is focused on the creation of new tissue in replacement of those deteriorated by age, sickness or injury, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the afflicted area (Johnson, 2010). It is a continuously expanding field, due to being a study that affects proliferation of cells and prolonging the life of a human organ (Vacanti, 2006). Tissue Engineering is not limited to medicine, but also includes several branches of sciences, such as molecular biology, bioengineering, nanotechnology; this is because of the different characteristics of different tissues. For example, recreating a pancreas means a tissue must be constructed to make insulin; this is a special function...
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...Spiders are amongst the most feared animals by humans because many of them are poisonous and can cause great injury or even death if bitten by them. Coincidentally many people are fearful of spiders, which often time disables them with fear in the presence of this animal. Many people live their entire lives with the fear of spiders. This paper will discuss how these people can learn through exposure therapy to extinct their fear of spiders. Personally I am not afraid of spiders; however, my four-year-old daughter screams and runs out of the room at the sight of a crawling spider. Although the spider she is afraid of is not harmful, her mom, as a precaution has taught her that spiders are bad. Additionally, I believe that others like my daughter have been taught by someone close to them at a young age to be fearful of spiders because they are poisonous, and unattractive. There is evidence that offspring of a phobic individual are at greater risk for developing the same specific phobia subtype because children tend to mirror their parents’ tendencies and fears King, Muris (2004). According to the DSM-IV-TR American Psychiatric Association DBM-IV-TR, (2000), a specific phobia is characterized by clinically significant anxiety provoked by exposure to a specific feared object or situation. Exposure to the feared stimulus invariably provokes an immediate anxiety response that may take the form of a panic attack. Because of the fear of the specific object or situation, people with...
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...------------------------------------------------- Definitions[edit] Cybernetics has been defined in a variety of ways, by a variety of people, from a variety of disciplines. The Larry Richards Reader includes a listing by Stuart Umpleby of notable definitions:[6] * "Science concerned with the study of systems of any nature which are capable of receiving, storing and processing information so as to use it for control." — A. N. Kolmogorov * "The art of securing efficient operation." — Louis Couffignal[7] * "'The art of steersmanship': deals with all forms of behavior in so far as they are regular, or determinate, or reproducible: stands to the real machine -- electronic, mechanical, neural, or economic -- much as geometry stands to real object in our terrestrial space; offers a method for the scientific treatment of the system in which complexity is outstanding and too important to be ignored." — W. Ross Ashby * "A branch of mathematics dealing with problems of control, recursiveness, and information, focuses on forms and the patterns that connect." — Gregory Bateson * "The art of effective organization." — Stafford Beer * "The art and science of manipulating defensible metaphors." — Gordon Pask * "The art of creating equilibrium in a world of constraints and possibilities." — Ernst von Glasersfeld * "The science and art of understanding." — Humberto Maturana * "The ability to cure all temporary truth of eternal triteness." — Herbert Brun Other...
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...Technology Research Paper Embryonic Stem Cell Use Abstract: Researchers discovered that embryonic stem cells could be originated from early human embryos. This discovery has raised a series of ethical and public-policy questions that are now being confronted by multiple international organizations, nations, cultures, and religious traditions. This essay surveys policies for human embryonic stem cell research in four regions of the world, reports on the recent debate at the United Nations about one type of such research, and reviews the positions that various religious traditions have adopted regarding this novel type of research. In several instances the religious traditions seem to have influenced the public-policy debates. There are many ways in which human stem cells can be used in research and the clinic. Studies of the medical use of Embyonic Stem cells will yield information about the complex events that occur during human development. A primary goal of this work is to identify how undifferentiated stem cells become the differentiated cells that form the tissues and organs. Scientists know that turning genes on and off is central to this process. Some of the most serious medical conditions, such as cancer and birth defects, are due to abnormal cell division and differentiation. A more complete understanding of the genetic and molecular controls of these processes may yield information about how such diseases arise and suggest new strategies for therapy. Predictably...
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