...4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Corresponding author: Dieter Heinrich, Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Tel.: +43 512 507 4467, Fax: +43 512 507 2656, E-mail: dieter.heinrich@uibk.ac.at 1 Accepted for publication 8 August 2013 Recent data highlight that competitive skiers face a high risk of injuries especially during off-balance jump landing maneuvers in downhill skiing. The purpose of the present study was to develop a musculo-skeletal modeling and simulation approach to investigate the cause-andeffect relationship between a perturbed landing position, i.e., joint angles and trunk orientation, and the peak force in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) during jump landing. A two-dimensional musculo-skeletal model was developed and a baseline simulation was obtained reproducing measurement data of a reference landing movement. Based on the baseline simulation, a series of perturbed landing simulations (n = 1000) was generated. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine a relationship between peak ACL force and the perturbed landing posture. Increased backward lean, hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion as well as an asymmetric position were related to higher peak ACL forces during jump landing. The orientation of the trunk of the...
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...Specific Aims. Tendon and ligament injuries are one of the most common orthopedic injuries. An estimated 1 in 1,000 persons injures their Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) per year in the United States. The ACL does not heal spontaneously, most likely due to the lack of vascularization, growth factors and extracellular proteins that promote healing, thus requiring surgical intervention to restore knee function. Suturing the ruptured ACL is not always sufficient to promote healing, therefore the gold standard of care is a patellar tendon graft reconstruction [1]. While this surgery allows the patient to regain knee function, even with repair, patients experience early onset osteoarthritis, donor site morbidity, and potentially graft failure [2]....
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...can always trigger the development of several other medical conditions or even make them worse. Surgery When the patient is suffering from a chronic condition or If a serious trauma has caused a tear in the ligaments or nerves should someone consider surgery. Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that is known to cause serious and severe pain after it has been allowed to fully develop. Some patients might request surgery to be performed to alleviate the pain. Physical Therapy Physical therapy is an essential part of any treatment, which is focused on helping affected joints recuperate. Since pain in joints because of infection, trauma, or structural damage make the joints very weak, they need to be strengthened to gain their original level of performance. Physiotherapy focuses on ensuring that the required strength is built up over time Successful different treatments Weight loss. A 2007 review found reductions in pain and disability in previously overweight patients with knee OA who lost a moderate amount of weight. The recommendation is to aim for a weight loss of 5% within a 20-week period for the treatment to be effective. The benefits of weight loss on hip OA have yet to be proven. Acupuncture has been touted as a treatment for osteoarthritis pain. A recent analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials found acupuncture was better than a sham treatment for relieving OA (osteoarthritis) pain. However, the effect didn’t reach the threshold for clinical significance. The recommendation...
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...Knee Sprain, Pediatric A knee sprain is a stretch or tear in a knee ligament. Knee ligaments are bands of tissue that connect bones in the knee together. CAUSES This condition is often results from: A fall. A sports-related injury to the knee. SYMPTOMS Symptoms of this condition include: Trouble bending the leg. Swelling in the knee. Bruising around the knee. Tenderness or pain in the knee. DIAGNOSIS This condition may be diagnosed based on: A physical exam. What happened just before your child started to haves symptoms. Tests, such as: An X-ray. This may be done to make sure no bones are broken. An MRI. This may be done if your child's health care provider suspects that the ligament...
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... as with improved surgical technology and medical advancements players can return to the game much faster than before. ACL tears can affect the body in many different ways. When the ACL tear occurs in the knee, doing just common activities such as walking can cause the knee to buckle and give out. This is why when a person believes he/she has an ACL or any knee injury, to go to the doctor right away so treatment is done. Since the ACL is an important ligament to the knees stability, when that ligament is torn, then the knee will be unstable. When a person comes down with an ACL tear, the pain is felt right away. In most cases, the knee will make a popping noise, and “give out”. The ligament will be immediately torn, so there is no gradual feeling, once the ligament tears, the pain is immediately felt. The knee then will swell up, causing the person to stop the activity he/she was doing. So when a person is doing an activity and hears a pop or feels their knee giving out, then most likely the person is dealing with a ligament tear. For cases where the person does not need to have ACL reconstruction surgery, physical therapy will be the treatment to go to. Current research has shown that in some cases, the person has only injured the ACL, and not felt the knee giving out, after the beginning injury. When this applies to a person, then talking to an individual physical therapist will help choose the best treatment program for that person. Physical therapy assists when a patient...
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...1. The article that was read talked about adolescent girl athletes having a higher risk in knee injuries than boys. It states that girls are eight times more likely to injure their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) than boys. Throughout the study they looked at the reason why this injury affects mature girl athletes. The sports that have maneuvers like jumping and landing, or quick stops and turns are usually involved in the ACL injury cases. Other reasons for girls having a higher risk in ACL injuries are they tend to have larger quadriceps strength without increasing the strength of the hamstrings. This causes an imbalance on movements and increase stress on the ACL. The second reason is girl’s skeletal structure matures earlier during puberty. This makes girls have an upright position and placing stress on the ACL. More information was displayed in the article on the injury, but the conclusion shows girls have a higher risk of an ACL injury in sports due to physical growth and maturation. 2. The research article that we found talked a lot about the same issues as the journal article above. The knee joint is the second most frequently injured body part, falling behind the ankle. The research was done during 2005–2007 school years and 100 US high schools were randomly selected for a sample. Athletic trainers tracked all injuries using an online injury surveillance system. This research followed most injuries and came up with some conclusions and some insights on injuries...
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...side panel containing further options relating to your results or document. Other formats: ● Citation/Abstract ● Full text - PDF KB) (908 OK OverlayEndore like this M See similar documents Main content area Meet Some of AIChE's New Fellows Anonymoushemical Engineering Progress 108.6 2012): 51. . C (Jun Turn on hit highlighting for speaking browsers by selecting the Enter button Abstract (summary) Translate Abstract Translate Press the Escape key to close Translate [[missing key: loadingAnimation]] OverlayEnd S. Mitchell is Associate Provost for Graduate Studies and Research, and Professor of Brian Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Tulane Univ. (New Orleans, LA), where his research interests include nanostructured materials and materials processing. He is the author of 50 journal articles, two U.S. patents, and one textbook. Full Text ● Translate Full text Translate Press the Escape key to close Translate [[missing key: loadingAnimation]] ● OverlayEnd on search term navigation Turn In March, AlChE's Board of Directors conferred the title of Fellow on seven members of the Institute. These tenured members join a roster of respected chemical engineers who have made significant contributions to the profession. Here are some of the newly elected Fellows. More Fellows will be introduced in future issues of CEP. For more information about AIChE Fellows, visit www.aiche.org/About/OurMembers/fellow.aspx. Peter Paul Howell, P.E., is President of Mark V, Inc...
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...NAME: __________________________________ Class Period: ________ Anatomy & Physiology Case Study Assignment #3 For the following questions, please attach your answers to this sheet and submit it on the Skeletal System exam day. This assignment is worth 100 points towards your grade. Each correct answer is worth 10 points. All answers must be typewritten. Please be as complete and thorough as possible. You must attach a bibliography in MLA format with your references. Failure to do so will result in a 40 point deduction from your grade. DO NOT ‘CUT AND PASTE’ FROM THE INTERNET—I want to read YOUR ideas, concepts and responses! History #1: A 72-year-old woman presented to her physician with back pain that radiated laterally to the flanks. Upon examination, her physician noticed a pronounced kyphosis of her vertebral column. Radiographs revealed vertebral compression fractures in the thoracic and upper lumbar regions. Bone densitometry showed significant loss of bone mineral density. The patient was diagnosed with senile osteoporosis. The patient was prescribed Fosamax (Alendronate Sodium). 1. What is “senile osteoporosis” and how does it differ from “post-menopausal osteoporosis?” 2. How would you describe a pronounced kyphosis of the vertebral column? 3. BRIEFLY describe the process of bone resorbtion. 4. What cell type is responsible for bone resorbtion? 5. How would you expect the drug Fosamax (Alendronate Sodium) to affect osteoclasts...
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...so common because of how complex the knee is. The knee is formed by three bones, the patella the tibia and the femur. In the knee there are two cartilage disks called menisci. These menisci give padding to the knee and allow it to glide smoothly. The knee is stabilized by tendons muscles and four important ligaments. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (PCL), and the lateral collateral ligament (MCL)....
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...rotation movements, with the medial meniscus vulnerable with an external rotation motion and the lateral meniscus vulnerable to injury during internal rotation motions.2 Following an injury to the menisci there is often pain felt deep in the joint line with increased effusion occurring at the knee shortly after an injury.2 Patients often describe a clicking or popping sound with movement, which is due to the torn meniscus being wedged between the femur and tibia after being displaced.2 When comparing the medial and lateral meniscus it is shown that the medial meniscus is the least mobile, likely due to its attachment to the medial collateral ligament.2 Connective fibers between the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament (MCL) explain why there are often associated injuries between the two structures.3 The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is most often injured when a valgus force occurs at the knee.4 While arthroscopy is the gold standard for a diagnosis of the meniscal injuries, MRI has been...
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...Jones of the Atlanta Braves. Chipper is famous for being one of the best switch hitters of all time, his success in the postseason, and his classy style of playing the game of baseball. He has led the Atlanta Braves franchise to 14 division championships and a World Series in the 1995 season. Ever since his rookie season in 1993, Chipper has been a fan favorite and has been a team leader for the Braves organization. Currently, Chipper is 38 and is nearing the end of his career. Throughout his career, Chipper has sustained several injuries that have plagued him as he has gotten older. This fall, Chipper was in the news a lot because of his injury he sustained during the 2010 Major League Baseball season. Chipper tore his anterior cruciate ligament and could not play the remainder of the season for the Atlanta Braves. The injury to his left knee, the impact that it had on not only himself, but also the Braves team, the Atlanta Braves franchise, and society will be discussed. This past season, in August, a groundball was hit down the third base line and Chipper fielded the ball and jumped in the air to throw the ball to first. When he landed on his left leg, he twisted his knee and fell to the ground in excruciating pain. According to the Huffington Post, in an interview after the game, Chipper said “I heard a distinct pop.” Team doctors also revealed that his knee had swollen significantly soon after the injury was sustained. According to Chapter 17 of our textbook...
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...year and a half ago I was training pretty hard to get into shape for the fire academy here at rio hondo. I would run atleast 5 miles a day to keep good cardio, haha I don’t do much of any running any more. Well, One of those days I went on an uphill run with a 20lb weight pack and experienced some pain in my left knee, about a month later It still hurt so i went to the doctor and after an MRI it was determined that I may have torn my meniscus and I would not be able to attend the academy until it healed. Today im going to go over some knowledge I gained about these types of injuries by experiencing one first hand. Body – 1. First off I am going to start with some quick anatomy on the largest joint in your body .inside there are 4 ligaments that holds the bones together. ACL PCL MCL LCL you have your KNEE CAP and then your MENISCUS. The meniscus is a rubbery, C-shaped disc that cushions your knee. Each knee has two of them, one at the outer edge of the knee and one at the inner edge, they serve to spread and cushion the weight across the knee. A tear in the meniscus can either be bad or much worse depending on the location because the outside of the menisci has really good circulation but the inside has almost no circulation at all making this knee injury a very uncertain window to recover from, some can recover in a month, others like me can take over a year. In my case I have two tears, one in each of the menisci in my knee, one one the inside, one on the outside and I’m...
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...Navy Supply Corps Newsletter, pp. 45-46. A “can-do” attitude provides a Wealth of Success you never know what you can do until you try. Here is an article about a man with a lot of determination his name is Heston Wong he was in the Navy and started out fixing F14 aircraft and he just wasn’t fond with fixing aircraft so he was offered a store keeper job he accepted. After he finished Storekeeper “A” school he served aboard USS Santa Barbara (AE28), an ammunition ship that was home ported in Charleston, S.C. Henton on his first three-year tour, deployed two and half times, including Operation Desert Storm in 1990. Henton ran into a hiccup in 2003 aboard the USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN71) he tore his ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) playingsoccer Heston thought that his navy career was over but it wasn’t he was reassigned to Fleet Training Center in Norfolk, Va., where he recovered for 14 months he thought about retiring in 2010 but he felt he still had a desire to serve his country. He went on to several different assignments but he said that he like the fact that when someone says, “Hey, we don’t know if we can,” I like to say, “we won’t know unless we try. Let’s try.” My source I have determined to be reliable because I retrieved the informationoff the University of Phoenix library in the section of the Scholarly (Peer review). I don’t believe this author was bias he was up-lifting insteading of using he, he used we. I believe that...
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...Over stretch or tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee (can be a tear that is partial or complete) Method of injury is when your foot is firmly planted on the ground and a force hits your knee cuasing the tear in your ligament A loud Pop sound Severe pain Not able to continue the activity Swelling Loss of ROM Instability giving way For the swelling apply first aid R.I.C.E Rest Ice Compression Elevation Most doctors offer surgery if you want to continue doing the sport. After surgery you'd just rest and wait for it to heal Rest ROM exercise Improve bending of the knee to 120 degrees/quad/hamstring strength Improve walking/maintain patternt Exercises That strengthen leg Muscles Squats Lunges Use good teqnich while doing them...
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...The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four major ligaments that stabilize the knee joint.1 The ACL’s main function is to prevent the tibia from sliding forward relative to the femur, otherwise known as anterior tibial translation. 1 The ACL plays a crucial role in the prevention of excessive knee extension, knee varus and valgus movements, and tibial rotation. 1 An intact anterior cruciate ligament allows for the protection of the menisci from shearing forces that occur during athletic maneuvers such as landing from a jump, pivoting, or decelerating from a run. 1 Without an intact ACL, the knee will become very unstable limiting the types of activities that can be done while suffering from the injury. 1 The lateral femoral condyle has...
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