...important the recruitment process influence to employers and employee. Given the context (external recruitment), I will focus on external recruitment studies which supported by the relative recruitment via position attributes, and the influence of organization characteristics in recruitment methods. The author provide a model of recruitment process that define recruitment objectives, then organizations should carry out recruitment activities suggested by the strategy, and evaluate recruitment result. The author also evaluates the effect of Realistic Job Preview and its impact to recruitment, and job applicants; in context of realistic job preview, three important job applicant related variable are anchoring and adjustments, inability, and the lack of self-insight. In addition, the article mentions recruitment methods include limitation of traditional research, and the factors are affected to recruitment methods (i.e. insurance agent, job fairs, and newspaper ads). Employee referrals have been specially effect to recruitment methods. Researches on other recruitment topics are also included in this article. Those topics are targeting individuals for recruitment, the content of job advertisements, Internet recruiting via employer's web site/ job boards, site visits and timing issue. Throughout the article, Breaugh explained the past recruitment research (mostly their limitations) along with suggestions for future research. The article is useful to my research topic because Breaugh...
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...PART II Fundamentals of Human Resource Management [12:34 14/4/2009 5298-Wilkinson-Ch09.tex] Job No: 5298 Wilkinson: The SAGE Handbook of Human Resource Management Page: 133 133–154 [12:34 14/4/2009 5298-Wilkinson-Ch09.tex] Job No: 5298 Wilkinson: The SAGE Handbook of Human Resource Management Page: 134 133–154 9 Recruitment and Selection Filip Lievens and Derek Chapman RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION Few people question that recruitment and selection are key strategic domains in HRM. At the same time, recruitment and selection also have an image problem. First, recruitment and selection are often viewed as ‘old’ ingrained HRM domains. It seems like the traditional recruitment and selection procedures have been around for decades, which is at odds with the ever changing internal and external environment of organizations. Hence, practitioners often wonder whether there are any new research-based ways for recruiting and selecting personnel. Another image problem for recruitment and selection is that a false dichotomy is often created between so-called macro HR (examining HR systems more broadly) and micro HR (examining individual differences). It is further sometimes argued that organizations should value macro approaches and write off micro approaches as not being relevant to the business world. We posit that these image problems and debates only serve to distract and fracture the field and hide the fact that excellent HR research and practice needs...
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...mornings, based on their self-reports. (Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994, p. 383) Rynes, Colbert, and Brown (2002) presented the following statement to 959 members of the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM): “Surveys that directly ask employees how important pay is to them are likely to overestimate pay’s true importance in actual decisions” (p. 158). If our interpretation (and that of Rynes et al.) of the research literature is accurate, then the correct true-false answer to the above statement is “false.” In other words, people are more likely to underreport than to overreport the importance of pay as a motivational factor in most situations. Put another way, research suggests that pay is much more important in people’s actual choices and behaviors...
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...evaluates main trends that have contributed to the increasing use of personality assessment in personnel selection. Research on the ability of personality to predict job performance is covered, including the Five Factor Model of personality versus narrow personality measures, meta-analyses of personality–criterion relationships, moderator effects, mediator effects, and incremental validity of personality over other selection testing methods. Personality and team performance is also covered. Main trends in contemporary research on the extent to which applicant “faking” of personality tests poses a serious threat are explicated, as are promising approaches for contending with applicant faking such as the “faking warning” and the forced-choice method of personality assessment. Finally, internet-based assessment of personality and computer adaptive personality testing are synopsized. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Personality assessment; Personnel selection; Five factor model; Personality and job performance prediction Personality measures are increasingly being used by managers and human resource professionals to evaluate the suitability of job applicants for positions across many levels in an organization. The growth of this personnel selection practice undoubtedly stems from a series of meta-analytic research studies in the early 1990s in which personality measures were...
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...current job opening, Synnex International is looking to hire a Human Resource manager with the necessary skills to handle the responsibilities of managing job related affairs of the company’s personnel. Collins & Han (2004) explain that a job description should be simple enough and appeal to a large number of qualified candidates. After advertising the job opening, the Director of Human Resources at Synnex International announced that the company had successfully received job applications from a large number of qualified candidates. The following essay elaborates on the interviewing process overseen by Synnex International’s Director of Human Resource Services. The first activity involves undertaking a process of reviewing the resumes and cover letters of potential job candidates. According to Sanders & Rochon (2006), the resume of a Human Resource manager should elaborate on a manager’s experience and level of knowledge with regard to Human Resource policies and practices, and how to effectively implement them in an actual work setting. A resume screening process involves weeding out candidates whose resume does not stand out (Eischen, 2007).Under strict supervision by the Director of Human Resource services, a team of external consultants will perform the resume screening process which will majorly involve reading through the resumes of all the job applicants. The first step of the screening process involves comparing the profiles of applicants with the job description...
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...Consulting Christine R. Scheu, Ann Marie Ryan, and Neal Schmitt Michigan State University This research studied the effects of race and sex similarity on ratings in one-on-one highly structured college recruiting interviews (N 708 interviewers and 12,203 applicants for 7 different job families). A series of hierarchical linear models provided no evidence for similarity effects, although the commonly used D-score and analysis-of-variance– based interaction approaches conducted at the individual level of analysis yielded different results. The disparate results demonstrate the importance of attending to nested data structures and levels of analysis issues more broadly. Practically, the results suggest that organizations using carefully administered highly structured interviews may not need to be concerned about bias due to the mismatch between interviewer and applicant race or sex. There is a large body of literature supporting the notion that demographic similarity affects important outcomes at work (see Riordan, 2000; Williams & O’Reilly, 1998, for a review). For instance, researchers have reported that demographic similarity is positively related to communication, the probability of remaining on the job, and job satisfaction (Tsui & O’Reilly, 1989; Vecchio & Bullis, 2001; Wagner, Pfeffer, & O’Reilly, 1984; Wesolowski & Mossholder, 1997). One key limitation of this research, however, is that demographic similarity is often measured at the individual level of analysis even...
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...HUMAN RESOURCES Conference Paper Abstracts A CHANGE RECIPIENT PERSPECTIVE ON TRAINING AND COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT DURING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE Olsen, Trude Hogvold; Harstad U. College; trude.olsen@hih.no Stensaker, Inger G.; NHH Norw.Schl of Economics and Business Adm.; inger.stensaker@nhh.no As organizations change and adapt to pressures in the external and internal environment, managers and employees are required to learn new competencies and skills. Ideally, new skill requirements should be identified and developed early in the change process in order to ensure that managers and employees are ready to face their new tasks and roles when the changes are implemented. However, despite good intentions at the top management level, employees and middle managers often report uncertainty and a lack of the necessary skills required to implement change. In this paper, we report from a qualitative study of two planned organizational change initiatives in the public sector. The changes involved new work tasks and managerial roles for a group of middle managers. Although the skill requirements appeared to be clear and formal training was initiated, a number of uncertain and ambiguous issues emerged among the change recipients. We examine the types of uncertainty and ambiguity that emerged and how change recipients attempted to handle these challenges. Our findings suggest that although necessary and important, formal training procedures are not adequate for resolving competence-related...
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...Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..p. 3 What is a Realistic Job Preview…………………………………………………………p.3 Methodology used for Research…………………………………………………………p.4 Relevance of Research…………………………………………………………………..p.4 Arguments against the Realistic Job Preview…………………………………………..p. 5 Literature Review Jean Phillips……………………………………………………………………..p. 6 Stephanie Pane Haden………………………………………………………….p. 10 James Breaugh………………………………………………………………….p. 11 David Earnest…………………………………………………………………..p. 11 James Breaugh and Robert Billings……………………………………………p. 13 Paula Popovich and John Wanous……………………………………………..p. 14 John Wanous…………………………………………………………………...p. 16 Results………………………………………………………………………………….p. 17 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………..p. 18 References……………………………………………………………………………..p. 19 Strategic Staffing Research Project The chosen topic of discussion for this study pertains to the Realistic Job Preview, or RJP, that involves employee selection, performance, and retention. The following study addresses the methodology applied for this research and the value of the contents. The next factor describes situations where the present of a RJP appeared non-existent. The third component suggests recommendations to alleviate this problem in the future. The last portion of this dialog explains the value of content found in this study. What is a Realistic Job Preview The individual finds out, usually through the interview process, that the job fails to possess the qualities desirable. The failure...
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...r e s Diversity in organizations: Where are we now and where are we going? Lynn M. Shore ⁎, Beth G. Chung-Herrera, Michelle A. Dean, Karen Holcombe Ehrhart, Don I. Jung, Amy E. Randel, Gangaram Singh Institute for Inclusiveness and Diversity in Organizations, Department of Management, College of Business Administration, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Diversity Inclusiveness a b s t r a c t A great deal of research has focused on workforce diversity. Despite an increasing number of studies, few consistent conclusions have yet to be reached about the antecedents and outcomes of diversity. Likewise, research on different dimensions of diversity (e.g., age, race, gender, sexual orientation, disability, and culture) has mostly evolved independently. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine each of these dimensions of diversity to describe common themes across dimensions and to develop an integrative model of diversity. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. While the term “workforce diversity” is commonly used in scholarly articles as well as in the popular press, the focus and scope of the research is both varied and broad. Until recently, most studies have focused on a single dimension of diversity (e.g., age, sex, race) in a domestic, typically U.S. context. In a world of globalization populated by boundaryless and virtual organizations, it is time to revisit...
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...Job Search Behavior as a Multidimensional Construct: A Review of Different Job Search Behaviors and Sources Greet Van Hoye Ghent University, Belgium In U. C. Klehe & E. A. J. van Hooft (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search (in press). New York: Oxford University Press. This work was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellow grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Greet Van Hoye, Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Phone: +32 9 264 64 54, Fax: +32 9 264 64 94, Email: greet.vanhoye@ugent.be Different Job Search Behaviors and Sources 2 Abstract Both theoretical models of job search and empirical research findings suggest that job search behavior is not a unidimensional construct. This chapter addresses the multidimensionality of job search behavior and provides a systematic review of the different job search behaviors and sources studied in the job search literature and their relationships with antecedent variables and employment outcomes. Organized within three major dimensions (effort-intensity, contentdirection, temporal-persistence), job search effort and intensity, job search strategies, preparatory and active job search behaviors, formal and informal job sources, specific job search behaviors, job search quality, job search dynamics, and job search persistence are discussed. This review...
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...Chapter 1 1. Introduction “A highly successful organization is built on the strengths of exceptional people. No matter how much technology and mechanization is developed, no organization could survive and prosper without them”. --- Luszez and Kleiner, 2001 The most important corporate resource over the next few years will be talent: smart, sophisticated business people who are technologically literate, globally astute, and operationally agile. And even as the demand for talent goes up, the supply of it will be going down (Fishman, 1998 cf. Trank et al., 2002). This seems to particularly hold true in case of the motor vehicle industry in Bangladesh which requires high quality and highly skilled labour force to cater to the rapidly increasing global demand for communication services but is currently facing an increasing shortage of skills supply. Moreover, due to shortages of skilled workers, high turnover rates, and rapid business growth in the service sectors, it has been noted that recruiting, selecting, and placing applicants are among the top three priorities of human resource professionals (Bureau of National Affairs, 2000; Straus, Miles, and Levesque, 2001 cf. Bauer et al., 2004). Since the motor vehicle industry in Bangladesh is faced with these three challenges, recruitment and selection comprises an important human resource practice in this industry. Further, in this industry, human resources comprise...
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...Skills Shortage? 5 Examining the Causes of Skilled Labor Shortages 7 Strategies for Attracting, Retaining, and Growing a Skilled Workforce 10 Conclusion 11 Endnotes As the U.S. economy slowly recovers from the 2007-2009 recession, many organizations are shifting focus from managing short-term workforce needs to more strategic, long-term workforce planning. Factors that play a role include the growing number of retirement-ready employees, technological changes, shifts in industry growth and decline, and the risk of losing star employees as more opportunities emerge. In addition, other countries —notably Greece, Portugal, Italy and Spain —are still in a deep recession, which could mean that hiring and voluntary attrition remain static. These factors have the potential to force the next “War for Talent” among HR leaders vying to fill critical roles with specialized skills. Whether this perfect storm comes to fruition is yet to be seen, but one thing is certain: Organizations need a plan for replacing the retiring workforce to support both short- and long-term business objectives, as well as for planning for technological and economical shifts that may impact the number of workers needed. By revaluating their talent management strategies, organizations can ensure effective recruiting, onboarding, retention, and career development systems to attract and retain the critical skills needed to remain competitive....
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION What is Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM)? According to the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2015), strategic human resource management (strategic HRM, or SHRM) is an approach to managing human resources that supports long-term business goals and outcomes with a strategic framework. The approach emphases on longer-term people issues, matching resources to future needs as well as macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values and commitment. It is necessarily dependent on the evolving nature of work itself. As mentioned by Stone (2013), because human resource management (HRM) seeks to strategically integrate the interests of an organisation and its employees, it is much more than a set of activities relating to the coordination of an organisation’s human resources. HRM is a major contributor to the success of an enterprise because it is in a key position ‘to affect customers, business results and ultimately shareholder value’. Stated by Gratton (2000), ‘The new sources of sustainable competitive advantage available to organisations have people at the centre – their creativity and talent, their inspirations and hopes, their dreams and excitement. The companies that flourish in this decade will do so because they are able to provide meaning and purpose, a context and frame that encourages individual potential to flourish and grow’. Stone (2013) mentioned that HRM is either part of the problem or part of the solution in...
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...All rights reserved First published online as a Review in Advance on June 21, 2004 WORK MOTIVATION THEORY AND RESEARCH AT THE DAWN OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Gary P. Latham Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E6; email: latham@rotman.utoronto.ca Craig C. Pinder Faculty of Business, University of Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2; email: cpinder@uvic.ca Key Words needs, values, goals, affect, behavior ■ Abstract In the first Annual Review of Psychology chapter since 1977 devoted exclusively to work motivation, we examine progress made in theory and research on needs, traits, values, cognition, and affect as well as three bodies of literature dealing with the context of motivation: national culture, job design, and models of person-environment fit. We focus primarily on work reported between 1993 and 2003, concluding that goal-setting, social cognitive, and organizational justice theories are the three most important approaches to work motivation to appear in the last 30 years. We reach 10 generally positive conclusions regarding predicting, understanding, and influencing work motivation in the new millennium. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MOTIVATIONAL FRAMEWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NEEDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...their followers’ values (value salience and person-supervisor value congruence respectively), authentic leaders could enhance followers’ task performance and organizational citizenship behavior, and reduce counterproductive work behavior. The model also contributes to research on values by examining the psychological and contextual factors, i.e. person-organization value congruence and self-concept clarity, which moderate the relationship between authentic leadership, value congruence and follower outcomes. Introduction Having witnessed several failures of corporate and economic machinery in the recent past, management scholars have been forced to look into the underlying reasons thereof from several different perspectives. As a fundamental shift in focus onto softer aspects of corporate leadership, leaders are being increasingly scrutinized for their leadership styles and moral values. Through this paper, we aim to contribute to a growing area of research in this domain by proposing a theoretical model to understand how leaders’ attitudes and values impact followers’ behavior and performance. Complex work organizations are an ideal context for exploring human values (Connor& Becker, 1975). In the person-environment literature, the relative stability of individual values is presumed, and hence much less is known about the causes and consequences of the shifts in the perceptions of value congruence (Caldwell et al., 2004). Though values, as a predictor of...
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