...Freshwater aquatic ecosystem An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water. A freshwater ecosystem is one of the aquatic ecosystems. Pools, ponds, lakes, streams, and rivers are different types of freshwater ecosystems. A pond is a body of standing water, either natural or man-made, that is usually smaller than a lake. Ponds are smaller bodies of still water located in natural hollows. A lake is a sizable water body surrounded by land and fed by rivers, springs or local precipitation. Rivers and streams are bodies of fresh, flowing water. Negative Effects There have been several and harmful ways that our growing human population has affected freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Whether it is directly or indirectly humans have changed the natural order of the aquatic environment, one such example is when people build dams somewhere in the tropics it creates a reservoir which can house snails and mosquitoes. It can also create a fishery which can accommodate many blackflies for their need for freshwater, but in the process a person done two wrong things in building a dam in the first place. A disease which is called river blindness carried by the blackflies can infect a quantity of people living in the area, the disease can spread due to the blackflies being able to travel long distances and the parasite that produces the larvae may cause blindness in a person. Another effect that a growing human population can have on a freshwater aquatic ecosystem is what...
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...variety of different wild life in a fresh water ecosystem. Birds, fish, and mammals help maintain the fresh water ecosystem. The human population is continuously growing and as a result the resources available are being used to the point of changing the overall flow of ecosystems. Rivers, lakes, ponds and wetlands are an example of freshwater ecosystems. Naturally, these bodies of waters are important for reducing pollution, controlling floods and the homes for aquatic life (National Geographic, n.d.). Since human population is rising any number of current negative uses such as the overuse of fossil fuels has a negative impact on freshwater ecosystems. Acid rain is a result of high amounts of nitric and sulfuric acid released into the air. Emissions from cars and power plants contribute to the rise of the acids released in the air. Acid rain affects the pH balance of freshwaters and depending on the body of water it may not be able to neutralize the acid. Therefore the acid becomes toxic to many aquatic species eventually making the species extinct altogether (Effects of Acid Rain, 2012). Humans can be affected as well since many...
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...Marine Main article: Marine ecosystem Marine ecosystems cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface and contain approximately 97% of the planet's water. They generate 32% of the world's net primary production.[1] They are distinguished from freshwater ecosystems by the presence of dissolved compounds, especially salts, in the water. Approximately 85% of the dissolved materials in seawater are sodium and chlorine. Seawater has an average salinity of 35 parts per thousand (ppt) of water. Actual salinity varies among different marine ecosystems.[2] Marine ecosystems can be divided into the following zones: oceanic (the open part of the ocean where animals such as whales, sharks, and tuna live); profundal (bottom or deep water); benthic (bottom substrates); intertidal (the area between high and low tides); estuaries; salt marshes; coral reefs; and hydrothermal vents (where chemosynthetic sulfur bacteria form the food base).[1] Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae, dinoflagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks. Fishes caught in marine ecosystems are the biggest source of commercial foods obtained from wild populations.[1] Environmental problems concerning marine ecosystems include unsustainable exploitation of marine resources (for example overfishing of certain species), marine pollution, climate change, and building on coastal areas.[1] Freshwater Freshwater ecosystem. Main article: Freshwater ecosystem Freshwater ecosystems...
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...Gammarus Duebeni The Gammarus Duebeni is an amphipod species found in freshwaters in North America. The Gammarus Duebeni is also commonly referred to as freshwater shrimp. This species’ preferred habitat is in the temperate region, specifically in clear, cold waters. This includes springs, ponds, streams, pools, and lakes. When the Gammarus Duebeni is found in rivers, they tend to be found near the edges of backwaters. The Gammarus Duebeni has a salinity tolerance and therefore can also be found in estuaries. The species cannot tolerate warm temperatures and will die in temperatures higher than 34C. The Gammarus Duebeni reproduces sexually. Mating occurs after the females molt and ovulate. The species is monogamous. Once the male makes bodily contact with a female, he “chases her, touches her with his divergent antennae and catches her by an appendage” (Sutcliffe). When the male ejaculates sperm, his female partner then puts it in her pouch. Once in there, her oviducts open and the eggs can begin to fertilize. After the mating, the males disperse while the females carry the eggs in their pouches until they hatch and the juveniles grow appendages. The gestation period is between one and three weeks and breeding usually takes place between April and November, depending on water temperatures. After the juveniles have grown appendages, they are released into the open water and the mother is relieved of her maternal duties. The offspring of some Gammarus Duebeni pairs can sometimes...
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...By definition, a rubber duck is: a toy shaped like a stylized duck, generally yellow, flat based, and symbolically linked to bathing. Since I was a four foot tall little girl with pigtail braids, running around with my Little Mermaid lunchbox, these little toys have been more than the usual “bath time buddy”. For years, I have been an avid collector of close to two hundred rubber ducks. I collect large ducks, miniature ducks, multicolored ducks, themed ducks, characterized ducks, and even an array of rubber duck themed objects. When I inform people of my peculiar collection, I usually get a weird look or a sarcastic comment along the lines of; “What are you? Five years old?” But, a disapproving face or harsh words could never discourage my collection. Aside from the toy aspect of the ducks, if one tries hard enough, they can draw parallels from cute squeaky objects to great life lessons. Although I am only three months away from becoming an official adult, not a day goes by where I do not think about my childhood. I believe childhood is necessary to look back on in order to live life in the present. My childhood has taught me countless lessons such as; treat others the way you would want to be treated, do not judge a book by its cover, and “Morgan, stop leaving your dirty laundry on the floor!” My rubber ducks act as a constant reminders of my childhood and the memories and lessons that it has brought me. My rubber ducks symbolize that you are never too old to look...
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...1)Define the following A) benthos: marine organisms that live on the sea bottom B) nekton: marine organisms that swim strongly enough to move against the ocean current C) plankton: marine organisms that cannot swim strongly enough to move against the ocean current 2) Larval fish and the shark are nekton, sand dollar and crab are benthos. And the jellyfish is plankton. 3) A subtidal is a part of the continental shelf stays under water regardless of the tides. 4) Low wave action means there is more particles, high wave action means less particles in the water. 5) White spotted sting ray, lobster, and the flounder. 6) Soft-bottom subtidal communities. 7) Soft-bottom shelf communities. 8) No they live in clumps together, marine biologists do not know why. 9) Detritus are the key food source. 10) Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus. 11) They collect food with tentacles or they actually swallow the sediment themselves. 12) Meiofauna either attach to individual particles of sediment, or move freely between them. 13) Because, deposit feeders are more common in muddy bottoms because of the presence of more detritus particles in the mud. Suspension feeders are more predominant in sandy bottoms, because there is a greater amount of water flow through the substrate. 14) Turtle grass is most commonly found in tropic areas, while eelgrass is more common in temperate areas. 15) They provide a place for other organisms to...
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...community is greatly influenced by the social and economic growth that occurs within it. Enhancing a community’s development, through the addition of recreational resources and opportunities, helps to establish it as a welcoming place for people to learn, work and play. We regard this project as an opportunity to develop a concept for a community-based resource, with our goal being to enhance the community’s growth and development. We plan to do this via the construction of a brand new aquatic center in the heart of the Waldorf, Maryland quarter of the Southern Prince George’s County. To honor and identify the region of its location, the center will be called “Southern Maryland Aquatics Center”. Many aquatic centers exist throughout the Maryland Area. These include facilities such as the Prince George’s County Sports and Learning Complex, The Theresa Banks Swimming Pool, and Greenbelt Aquatic and Fitness. These facilities have met much success over the course of their operation, and provide numerous aquatic-based activities to the local community. The aforementioned PG Sports and Learning has been home to various swimming competitions and has served as a place of practice for many local, scholastic swim teams. One of the great benefits of these facilities, is the employment opportunities they provide to members of the community in which they are located. It is these benefits that we wish to transfer and subsequently impart upon residents of the Southern Maryland area. Although this...
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...1) Describe the types and effects of water pollutants 2) investigate water quality today 3)Explain water pollution control 4) Summarize water legislation Slide one • In the early days of the industrial revolution people gave little attention to the pollution of lakes , rivers , and the coastal oceans. • Water pollution • "The Silent Highwayman". Cartoon commenting on polluted condition of the Thames. Punch, 10 July 1858. Source: Wikimedia Commons • The growth of the major industrial cities also caused water pollution. All too often, rivers that pass through urban areas became a receptacle for human waste products, both domestic and industrial. Sewage, as in most cities, was washed out into the streets where it found its way to the rivers with disastrous consequences. • In the first half of the 18th century, both London and Paris, the largest cities in Europe with respectively 1 and 2.4 million inhabitants by 1850, experienced a series of recurring epidemics of cholera and typhoid. In 1832 over 20,000 Parisians died in a cholera outbreak; London experienced similar outbreaks. This was caused by increasing amounts of sewage dumped into the Seine and Thames rivers. • London was one of the first cities in the world to build a sewer system and improve the quality of its drinking water supply. The London Board of Health eliminated cesspools in the late 1840s, and a Metropolis Water Act of 1852 forced water companies to move their intakes upstream and regulate their...
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...The Effect of O2 Concentration on Chaoborus (Phantom Midge Larvae) ABSTRACT The aim of this investigation was to examine the effect the abiotic factor O2 concentration has on the abundance of Chaoborus, also known as the phantom midge larvae. This entailed using a net to catch the organism and counting them under timed conditions. The test was repeated in a vegetated and open area of water in order to be able to evaluate different oxygen concentrations. The abundance of phantom midge larvae was measured by manually counting and the concentration of oxygen at the two sites was measured using an oxygen probe. Results indicated that in open areas the number of midge larvae was vastly larger than that of vegetated areas; they had also confirmed that the area of open water had a lower O2 concentration as compared to the vegetated area. These results are fitting to the scientific background of Chaoborus, as they are known to inhabit water with less concentration of oxygen1. Further analysis of these results were conducted using a Mann-Whitney U-Test which proved there was a significant difference in the number of phantom midge larvae in the two areas for which the reason was the different concentrations of oxygen. RESEARCH & RATIONALE This aim of this investigation is to measure the effect Oxygen Concentration of fresh pond water, an abiotic factor, has on the number of Chaoborus (Phantom Midge Larvae) present by studying their abundance in areas of the pond which...
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...Biotic Components Kimberly Johnson University of Phoenix SCI/256 Jane Henry April 12, 2011 Biotic Components The purpose of this paper is to select a representative natural ecosystem in or near the Louisiana area such as a preserves or parks that are managed for native species. Once a representative is chosen, the major structural, and functional dynamics (processes) of that ecosystem including how it has changed over time will be explained. Next the subject is to explain how humans may have affected the ecosystem, and in conclusion an explanation of how that ecosystem’s structure and function can help or has helped to develop plans for its management, and restoration. The Nature Conservancy is a nonprofit organization that works in different countries and all 52 states to help safeguard important lands and waters for nature and people. The organization works to keep safe the plants, animals, and land free from decay by protecting the lands, and waters humans, and habitat need to survive. The organization also focuses on leaving a sustainable world for future generations. Clean water is a must for humans, and animals to live. Fresh water ecosystems provide water for plants, and fish for humankind to eat (Gomez, 2008). Not only in Louisiana, but also all around the world, rivers, and lakes are becoming contaminated, and this affects people, animals, and plants. Research shows that possibly by 2025 more than one-third of Earth’s population could...
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...REACTION PAPER Water is very important to us specially to all species of fish because, without water fish not alive, but boni comandante a successful entrepreneur he wasn’t a scientist but he found and gathered another information, knowledge and ideas on how the fish alive, same texture, less expense and exporting to other country without water. Put’s fish to sleep? This is a crazy and unvailivable idea but with this idea, boni comandante become succesful and become a millionare. Influence of other people specially boni comandante do some research regarding to the fish puts to sleep he eventaully succeed and he become a successful. Boni comandate story a succesful entrepreneur i am so much amaze and idolize him, and one thing you have to remember, if thier is one thing you discover dont wates a time do some reseach or gathered other information to become successful. SUMMARY Bonifacio Comandante Jr., was born in the island of siquijor ,his father was an architect and his mother a nures .boni comandante gradauted from the university of the philippines at los banos with the degree in agricultural engineering. He went to work for a government irrigation and boni comandante won in the international category of the University of San Francisco business plan competition in California. He, invented the technology by undergoing a conditioning process in which the fishes, or any marine species, are held overnight in filtered, circulated seawater at about 30-degrees Centigrade...
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...Marine aquatic ecosystems are considered to be the largest of the aquatic ecosystems on Earth. They have a high salinity and include bodies of water such as the ocean, lagoon, the deep sea, and sea floors. Once of the marine ecosystems that has been a central focus, especially recently, is the Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf of Mexico is located off of the Atlantic Ocean, and it is considered to have a tropical climate. According to epa.gov, The Gulf of Mexico is the ninth largest body of water in the world. Some of the species or habitants that dwell in the gulf are different types of whales, dolphins, sea turtles, and sea-birds. Along the sea floor there are coral reef situated. There are also large birds The Gulf of Mexico produces a variety of resources that we use. One of the main resources is the fisheries provided in the gulf. Fisheries in the gulf are considered one of the most productive in the world. In 2010, the estimated shellfish and commercial fish harvest from the gulf fisheries was estimated to be about 1.3 billion pounds (epa.gov). Agriculture is definitely affected by the Gulf of Mexico. There is currently an area that is called the dead zone. Within this area of the gulf, there is an excessive supply of nitrogen in this area due to fossil fuel combustion, crop cultivation, and synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. With the increase of nitrogen, there is a process that is called hypoxia that will occur. Many people believe that the species in the fisheries will be...
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...Balancing Ecosystem University of Phoenix November 30th, 2015 Glimmerville City Council, I am writing this letter after it has come to my attention that your city is facing the same problem with the Grass Carp like the city of Sparksville. The problem with the grass carp is once they have been introduced they kill off the native species of our local waters. The purpose for the introduction of the grass carp is to remove the overabundance of indigenous aquatic plant life in particular habitats that have taken over due to fertilizer deposits making it to our community waterways thus, making survival hard for other inhabitants. In order to receive the optimal amount of benefits that the grass carp species has to offer, it must be released into a secure environment with no possibility of escape into other waterways. This species has found its way into many reservoirs, lakes, streams, and rivers in our community intentionally and/or by accident; either way it involves some degree of human error. Because the grass carp is native to Asia, it has no natural predators in North America so there is nothing to kill them in order to stop the production of more of them. Another major factor which adds to this problem is their life expectancy is quite a long time and weigh up to 100 pounds, maybe more. The large-mouth bass and a few other species of fish will eat them if they are small enough. The Grass carp are pushing out the other fish that fishermen want to catch. We had to...
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...Deductive Reasoning Editorial: EPA. Opposes Plan on Runoff Pollution 1. Identify the type of reasoning employed. Deductive 2. Explain persuasive strengths and weaknesses in each piece. Strengths: The author used facts to support himself and lead to his conclusion about water run-off (Oil Spill) Weaknesses: He did not test out any other methods in which run-off can affect our population as far as aquatic life and the ecosystem 3. Clearly identify and explain elements of fact, value, and policy. Fact: Run-off is an organic and inorganic waste that will in fact harm the aquatic ecosystem starting with the simplest of macros including protozoa and reaching as far as the great white shark. Run-off originates from different chemicals including fertilizers and other nutrients for grass and soil we may use. Can lead to human health issues. Value: Saying that people do not respect the value of our aquatic ecosystem nor the overall health of our environment. Saying that we as one should come together and do our part in the environment to protect it from harmful cfcs and chemicals which contain Policy: Environmental safety should be our #1 priority as it is our basis for life. 4. In relation to the above, identify and explain values, attitudes, and beliefs. Attitudes: We could be facing more than just a loss of shrimp the Gulf because of an oil spill. Beliefs: Lead editorial: It’s easier for everyone to be responsible for their...
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...Question 1 Names of aquatic plant | Parts and its fuction | Water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) | The stems and leaves contain airfilled tissue which give the plant its considerablebuoyancy. | Duckweed (Lemnaceae) | Entire lower surface of fronds can absorb nutrients from the medium, and the plants can grow well under conditions which entirely prevent root elongation. | Water Primrose (Ludwigia) | The creeping and floating stems allow it to find open water and sunlight through the larger emergent plants. | Water fern (Azolla filiculoides) | The sporophytes consist of two lobed leaves and rhizomes.The lower lobes of the leaves are usually larger than the upper and so adapted for floating the plant. (Hussner, 2010). | Knotweed (Polygonum spp.) | Vigorous rhizomes helps to regenerate when buried up to depths of three feet (0.9 m). (Parkinson and Mangold, 2010) | Question 2 The Pond Skater (Gerris lacustris) is an insect that is especially well suited to life in Wetlands. They have specialized, paddle like legs that enable the insect to "skate" over the surface of the water, riding on the surface tension that lies between the water and the air. Migratory Fish Migratory species such as Salmon, Trout and Eel can survive all levels of salinity in their migration through River, Estuarine and Coastal Wetlands. Fish such as these that are able to adapt to varying levels of salinity are described as eurythaline. Gator Holes Alligators in Southern Florida Wetlands...
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