...Tori Banegas World Geography 29 February 2012 BP Oil Spill Oil rigs provide the world with the fuel that is needed to keep it running. However, it is common knowledge that they may potentially cause harm to not only living creatures but also the environment they rely on to survive. This was proven in the spring of 2010 when an oil rig off the Gulf of Mexico exploded and resulted in an oil spill. This catastrophic event opened millions of eyes to the errors that can be found in the way oil rigs are set up. It also caused people to take a closer look at whose responsibility it is to make sure all the safety codes and procedures are being followed before a drilling plan in approved. The BP disaster not only drew people’s attention to the process of oil drilling, it also had a serious impact on the economy and an even more tragic impact on the environment and wildlife around it. It also provided a perfect example of the dangers oil drilling can pose if it is done in an area not prepared to handle the consequences. On April 20, 2010 an offshore oil rig owned by BP (British Petroleum) blew up, taking the lives of 11 people before beginning to dump dangerous amounts of crude oil into the ocean and coastlines of the Gulf of Mexico. The oil rig, known as Deepwater Horizon, is believed to have dumped more than 200 million gallons of the oil before it was capped off three months later. This number however, is only an estimate due to the refusal of BP to allow accurate measures of...
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...Oil spills affect various places including the Arctic waters. There have been numerous oil spills all over the world including the United States, Nigeria, and China and are threats of more occurring. There have been several oil spills to occur in the United States but two of the most well known major oil spills in happen here are the Exxon oil spill and the British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon oil spill. In March of 1989 an oil tanker called Exxon Valdez created a massive oil spill after running into a reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska (Fontugne 2015). Over eleven million gallons of crude oil was poured into Alaskan waters. Due to increased fossil fuel exploration, such as fracking, in various places near Arctic waters, including Alaska,...
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...us tapping into the natural landscape to search for natural resources on American land feel that this will not only reduce our dependence on foreign resources, but also boost our economy by creating jobs and reduce our national debt. They feel that solely seeking renewable energy will stall our economy. They argue that looking into the American natural resources will interrupt such a small part of the American landscape and the wildlife will be preserved so why would we not continue to see out these resources. It is claimed that the oil found in Alaska could sustain the U.S. demand for oil for 25 years or longer. Those against the destruction of American land for these non-renewable resources give the exact opposite claim. There are studies that show the natural resources available are small in comparison to the needs and will do little to reduce American energy dependence....
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...Energy Development in the Arctic By Rachel Halpern Office of Energy and Environmental Industries Overview As opportunities to develop energy resources in the Arctic grow as a result of climate change and technical advances, companies wishing to participate will face not only technical challenges, but political, legal, and regulatory challenges, as well. The five Arctic countries considered in this paper (defined here as the countries that border the Arctic Sea – the United States, Canada, Norway, Denmark/Greenland, and Russia – see Figure 1 on next page for map) will likely see increased interest in the development of their Arctic resources in the coming decades and will have to begin considering how to address these challenges in order to take advantage of this interest. Each Arctic country has different policies, laws, and regulations regarding oil and gas development and transportation, and these differences will affect how and by whom resources are developed, and how and where they are transported. This paper describes 1) the reasons that energy companies will likely focus more of their attention on the Arctic; 2) the current state of knowledge of Arctic oil and gas resources; and 3) issues that will affect the development of Arctic oil and gas resources including boundary issues, access to resources, environmental restrictions, tax and regulatory issues, transportation challenges, and regional issues. Attractions of the Arctic The Arctic has not been widely...
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...What is climate change? The Earth's climate has changed over the last century. Increases in average temperatures have been seen around the globe and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed in the last 50 years is due to human activities. While climate change is a global issue, it will affect us all. Climate change has the potential to adversely affect our environment, our communities and our economy unless we take action now to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions and prepare for the impacts. Climate change will alter global and local climates. In Victoria, this means a warmer and drier future, with an increasing likelihood of more extreme events such as heatwaves, bushfires and storm surges. Climate change is the greatest threat facing our planet today. A warming planet alters weather patterns, water supplies, seasonal growth for plants and a sustainable way of life for us and the world’s wildlife. Climate change has already started, but it’s not too late to take action. There’s still time for us all to be part of the solution. A continuous flow of energy from the sun heats the Earth. Naturally occurring gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases – this includes carbon dioxide (CO2) - , trap this heat like a blanket, keeping the Earth at an average of 15 degrees Celsius – warm enough to sustain life. The overuse of fossil fuels is increasing CO2 in the atmosphere, trapping more and more heat and warming the Earth. As a result, we’re...
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...A Review of Literature Related to Oil Spill Dispersants 1997-2008 for Prince William Sound Regional Citizens’ Advisory Council (PWSRCAC) Anchorage, Alaska by Merv Fingas Spill Science Edmonton, Alberta PWSRCAC Contract Number - 955.08.03 Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this PWSRCAC-commissioned report are not necessarily those of PWSRCAC September, 2008 ii Abstract This report is a review of the literature on oil spill dispersants published from 1997 to August, 2008. The report identifies and focusses on recent advances in dispersant effectiveness, toxicity, and biodegradation. Other topics such as application, use, behaviour and fate are also covered. The prime motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact of oil on shorelines, thus the application must be successful and effectiveness high. As some oil would come ashore, discussion remains on what effectiveness is required to significantly reduce the shoreline impact. A major issue is the actual effectiveness during spills so that these values can be used in estimates for the future. The second motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact on birds and mammals on the water surface. The benefits of using dispersants to reduce impacts on wildlife still remain unknown. The third motivation for using dispersants is to promote the biodegradation of oil in the water column. The effect of dispersants on biodegradation is still a matter of dispute. Some papers state that dispersants inhibit...
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...ARCTIC VOL. 59, NO. 3 (SEPTEMBER 2006) P. 261 – 275 Possible Effects of Climate Warming on Selected Populations of Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) in the Canadian Arctic IAN STIRLING1 and CLAIRE L. PARKINSON2 (Received 10 November 2005; accepted in revised form 25 January 2006) ABSTRACT. Polar bears depend on sea ice for survival. Climate warming in the Arctic has caused significant declines in total cover and thickness of sea ice in the polar basin and progressively earlier breakup in some areas. Inuit hunters in the areas of four polar bear populations in the eastern Canadian Arctic (including Western Hudson Bay) have reported seeing more bears near settlements during the open-water period in recent years. In a fifth ecologically similar population, no changes have yet been reported by Inuit hunters. These observations, interpreted as evidence of increasing population size, have resulted in increases in hunting quotas. However, long-term data on the population size and body condition of polar bears in Western Hudson Bay, as well as population and harvest data from Baffin Bay, make it clear that those two populations at least are more likely to be declining, not increasing. While the ecological details vary in the regions occupied by the five different populations discussed in this paper, analysis of passive-microwave satellite imagery beginning in the late 1970s indicates that the sea ice is breaking up at progressively earlier dates, so that bears must fast for longer...
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...2.2 Individual Written Assignment – Case Study Report Assignment Overview The purpose of the case study report is to help you bridge theoretical and practical applications of organisational behaviour topics, while also helping you build important written communication and problem-solving skills. Analysing a case study allows you to simulate some of the complexities and ambiguities that are present in real organisational problems and consider practical and evidence-based solutions. You will analyse the events in a case study (see below) and apply relevant OB principles to analyse the case. You will support your analysis with relevant OB research from at least 5 academic, peer-reviewed journal articles. The assignment is approximately 1500 words (not including title page or references) and is worth 25 marks. The assignment must be submitted via the LMS by 5pm on Friday, 30 November. Assignment Guidelines o Select one of the cases listed below. Both cases are printed in the McShane et al. (2010) textbook: o Arctic Mining Consultants (pages 616-619) o High Noon at Alpha Mill (pages 630-633) o Read the case carefully and write a report that includes the following elements: 1) Title Page (note: not included in word count) that includes • Your name & student ID number • Subject code and location (MGT2OBE, Montpellier) • Name of the case • Date of submission 2) Introduction and Conclusion • Include a separate introduction and conclusion paragraph. The introduction...
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...organisation helps to satisfy the rising energy demand in socially, environmentally and responsible way. During last few years, corporate social responsibility has been gaining more and more prominence and Shell had been one of the first organisations to weave corporate social responsibility into the firm’s business Philosophy. The group undertook a number of projects which all aimed at the sustainable development of those regions where the company carried out its operational activities. Across the globe, the Shell foundation, which was founded with an initial endowment of USD 250 million from Shell, has been actively involved in a number of sustainable development projects. The group’s initiatives were well appraised by World Environment Council. Corporate Social Responsibility Modern business is oblige to satisfy demanding environmental, ethical, commercial, ethical and public standards as specified by the wider society (Crane et. al., 2007; Burchell, 2008). It is an appraised fact these days that economic value enhances through voluntary cooperation between the companies and its stakeholders (Schwartz, 2011; Bacher, 2007). In Nigeria Delta, Shell has been accused of poor stakeholder management (Idowu & Filho, 2009; Amio, 2011). Among the negative effects, some effects were frequent oil spills with poorly executed clean ups and unfair compensation, series of ineffective community development initiatives, unjust and unequal revenue allocation and poor environment management...
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...Get Instant Access to PDF Read Books Cases In Financial Management Brigham Solutions at our eBook Document Library Cases In Financial Management Brigham Solutions PDF Download Cases In Financial Management Brigham Solutions.PDF Getting the screenshots prepared is a good approach that might time savings. But having screenshots already prepared in addition to callouts, explanations, and annotations is an excellent approach which you will save much longer. More than likely, you've all that stuff prepared inside your cases in financial management brigham solutions but it's not very polite to deal to the person: "Read that fantastic manual". User may do not know the location where the manual is on the PC as well as on what page is the looked-for solution located. On the other hand, you may also have zero time and energy to manually cut particular pages with screenshots and related instructions from your manual also to attach them to each support message. Consider virtually any kind of services or products is now purchased or enlisted online, getting repair manuals is effortless. With many suppliers, immediate accessibility to manuals is done possible since they will be stored and ready for download in Portable Document Format (PDF). And unlike traditional printed service manuals that may be easily lost or damaged over time, these cases in financial management brigham solutions might be safely held in your pc for future repairs. This is really going to save you...
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...Global Warming is a major problem which our environment faces today terribly. This global warming is caused due to Greenhouse Effect which is a condition in which Earth’s heat trapping increases more from the normal levels. Climate change, devastation of the ecosystem, melting ice over Arctic and Antarctic regions, negative impacts in the agricultural sector are just the problems caused by global warming. Many damages have been caused by this phenomenon. Policies on global warming are made each day. Global average temperature rose significantly during the past century. The prevailing scientific view is that most of the temperature increases since mid-20th century has been caused by increases in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations produced by human activity. Most scientists agree that planet’s temperature has risen 0.5 degree Celsius since 1900 and will continue to increase at an increasing rate. As a result, the world is getting warmer. The year 1990 was the hottest year in the last century. There are both positives and negatives to global warming, although the good is heavily outweighed by the bad. Global warming is important for agriculture. It's conceivable that the world's current breadbaskets could become even more productive as temperatures warm, increasing yields. Farmers accustomed to one harvest a year may even see two. What's more, a larger variety of crops could be grown in more locations than is currently possible. As the globe warms, however, high-latitude...
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...students were to research on events that were headlines on the day they were born, 20 years, 50 years and 100 years ago. They were to present this in front of a panel in specific schedules their professor has given. This also served as their final exam for the second term of school year 2012 – 2011. They were to follow the APA style in doing the paper including a bibliography of the same format. The research is very useful in their course, which is Bachelor of Arts Major in Consular and Diplomatic Affairs, because it concerns historical headlines around the world and their course mostly consists of majors in history. They may also improve their research making skills and strategies in the study because it requires them to consult more sources for a precise and reliable study. Based on this study, many historical events did happen on the same month of the researcher’s birthday. Some created great effect on today and others are just headlines that shook the world. It’s a way of discovering new things about history and also getting to remember it because it took a mindful of research to get all the information. It also serves as an achievement for a student to create a research paper and applying all that they have learned in their subject. BODY January 31, 1996 50 Dead in Sri Lanka suicide bombing BBC News UK (1996) reported more than 50 citizens of Sri Lanka died during a suicide bombing at the country’s central bank while 1,400 were injured. There was a truckload of explosives...
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...Table of content: Abstract 3 I. INTRODUCTION 4 II. Theory 1: GLOBAL WARMING IN THE PAST 5 • Article 1: Volcanism • Article 2: Orbital variation • Article 3: Solar output • Article 4: Plate tectonic • Article 5: Solar radiation III. Theory2: THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT 7 • Article1: Carbon Dioxide • Article2: Methane • Article Ni trous Oxide • Article Ozone • Article4: Synthetic Chemicals • Article 5: Aerosols IV. Theory3: EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING 13 • Article 1: Weather • Article 2: Ice Sheets and Glaciers • Article 3: Sea Level • Article 4: Agriculture • Article 5: Plants and Animals V. Theory4: The impact of global warming on humanity 22 • Article 1: Extreme storm affects health and infrastructure • Article 2: Heat wave increase death and illness • Article 3: Water and food supplies threatened • Article 4: Drinkable water become increasingly contaminated • Article 5: Large numbers of environmental refugee VI. Theory5: EFFORTS TO CONTROL GLOBAL WARMING 23 • Article 1: Carbone Capture • Article 2: Energie Sources • Article 3: koyoto • Article 4: Programs in the United States • Article 5: Montreal protocol CONCLUSION 27 Bibliography 28 Abstract: Throughout its long history, earth has warmed and cooled time, and again. Climate has changed...
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...DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARIÑAS Communication and Journalism Department CASE STUDY ANALYSIS: EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL Submitted by: Chaira Mae C. Aguilar Submitted to: Prof. ROEL S. RAMIREZ, APR January 11, 2016 I. SUMMARY and SYNTHESIZE In March 1989, the oil tanker Exxon Valdez underwent an accident in Prince William Sound in Alaska. This accident resulted in a massive oil spill, where more than 10 million gallons of crude oil leaked into the sea. Exxon’s problems were worse by its lack of preparation and bravery in dealing with the situation. Lawrence Rawl, CEO, stayed out of the public view for almost a week after the incident happened. After a meeting, he faced the demonstrators and stakeholders. He took all the responsibility and promised an investigation. Facts According to Office of Response and Restoration, with this banishment institutionalized in U.S. law, Exxon Shipping Company shifted the operational area to the Mediterranean and Middle East and renamed it. In 1993, Exxon spun off its shipping arm to a subsidiary, Sea River Maritime, Inc., and Exxon Mediterranean became the Sea River (S/R( Mediterranean. In 2002, the ship was re-assigned to Asian routes and then temporarily mothballed in an undisclosed location. According to The Whole Truth, Exxon, along with the rest of the oil industry knew that navigating a large supertanker through the icy and treacherous waters of Prince William Sound was extremely complicated. Armed with this knowledge...
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...The Study of Chlorofluorocarbons | | | | | | Prepared by: Ana Cloriana Bonan Harlene Buenavista Blanch Marie Gueco Angel Kazumi Sioson Gian Micah Cesa PROBLEM: How do CFCs products such as refrigerants, aerosols, and plant factory emissions affect the status of the ozone layer in the atmosphere? HYPOTHESIS: CFC strongly contributes to the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere. OBJECTIVES: * To measure the amount of CFCs release from refrigerants, aerosols, emissions of factories and other products and materials that contain CFCs. * To determine the degree of CFCs in the ozone layer. * To quantify the percentage between different elements and chemicals that CFC contain. CHLOROFLUOROCARBON Significance of the Study This study will contribute to scientific research as statistical data about chlorofluorocarbons. As a further matter, it will give more ideas on how to promote vigorous conditions in the ecosystem in order to raise awareness of imminent dangers of using chlorofluorocarbons. It will help us how to fathom/understand the situations of some hurdles in the environment that might cause by CFCs. It will also assist folk on how they will grasp the drawbacks of the chemicals usage by being well-informed about it. They will be more clued in about being detrimental of the matter as well. Nevertheless, this study will furnish information concerning the substance which can cause complications...
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