...Time: 0:40 Words: 850 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Music Distribution over the Internet Throughout the ages, people have shared the love of making and listening to music. Music has the ability to enhance our emotions and add interest to our lives, so it is little wonder that we are willing to pay to listen to our favourite songs and that the music industry is one of the largest entertainment industries. In contrast, the Internet is a developing tool and resource we have only been familiar with for the past two decades, but now affects the lives of billions. Even though music has been on the Internet for five or so years, it is already recognised as one of the primary reasons for people to get online The distribution of music on the Internet has become extremely simple, and with the advances in audio formats together with increasing Internet speed, it is now possible to download not only songs but entire albums. However the combination of music and the Internet has caused a great controversy. Simplistically, the issue of Internet music distribution concerns three groups of people… the Internet users who download music, the organizations and individuals who distribute music through Internet sites, and lastly the artists and their record companies, record manufactures and music stores. As the Internet users generally argue, Internet music distribution has numerous advantages. Even novice Internet users can now access the virtually any songs ever written in a...
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...Free Speech In the 20th and 21st century, Internet access has been made possible by technology and service plans. It has been brought by changes in innovation and drastic industrial revolution; this has made consumer use become popularized through the dial-up connections, which facilitated marketing of products and communication globally using the term broadband. The U.N fights for Internet rights by declaring them as a human right for the universe to be able to access basic information and communication services (Hayes 98). Use of Internet around the world has grown rapidly due to the market saturation and growth of industrialized countries. This has brought growth to countries such as Brazil, Caribbean and the Middle East. It has grown tremendously with a margin of over a billion users in the past ten years from 670 million to 1.9 billion users. In order to promote accessibility to the nation, the government has invested large amounts of dollars to breach the gap that is between people with access to the Internet and those without (Hayes 108). By providing access to the Internet, more people are able to take advantage of political, economic, social and carrier opportunities. Internet democracy should be promoted as every citizen has an equal right and say in decisions affecting their lives and development of law legislation. Oppressive regimes such as China have taken measures to squash political opposing of Internet accessibility to its citizens in order to protect their...
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...Digital Distribution and the Music Industry in 2001: a Case Study of Napster By Julius Danjuma IS650: Telecommunications Management Summer 2012 Overview: Shawn Fanning created Napster in his dorm room at Northeastern. It was the fastest-growing application in the history of the Internet which changed the world but failed to achieve business success. Napster started out as a free download tool but the goal was to make it into a real business in partnership with the record labels. The goal at Napster was to be the online distribution channel for the record labels, much like iTunes for example. There were several offers made to the labels that would have given them the vast majority of all of the revenue. The numbers were staggering. There were over 50 million users, many of whom were willing to pay $5 per month or $1 per download for digital music. That translates to about $250M a month or $3B per year. Even if Napster kept just 10% of the revenue that would be $300M per year against expenses of less than $10M. At the stock market multiples of the day that would have been a $15B IPO. The economics of the record industry are puzzling and their accounting methods are very creative. At the time CD’s were sold for about $17 at retail. The retailer and distributor took more than half of the price as their mark-up. The manufacturing costs took another couple bucks. The promotional costs of advertising, music video, payola to radio stations, and other PR typically...
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...government at odds over Android Market refund Background The Android Market Team of Google issued an important change to paid apps in Taiwan On June 28, 2011. Recently, the Taipei City Government announced that mobile app stores--including Android Market--would be required to provide a seven day refund window for all paid apps. Therefore, we wanted to let you know that we are suspending paid apps in Taiwan while we continue to discuss this issue with the Taipei City Government. (Open letter to consumers from The Android Market Team of Google) What happened was Smartphone users in Taipei city had complained that they were unable to claim a refund if they downloaded and feel unsatisfied about it. The Taiwan Consumer Protection Act requirement of a free-trial period of at least seven days for items purchased is originated from mail-order merchandise which consumers cannot feel or touch the goods before ordering. The seven-day-period also considers time for shipping. Internet was included in the category of Mail Order Purchase Rules in Consumer Protection Act in the amendment to the Consumer Protection Act proclaimed in 2003. Taipei’s Law and Regulation Commission informed Google Taiwan, as well as Apple Asia, of the complaints in a formal letter, demanding an explanation and an outline of improvements by the date of June 23rd of deadline. Apple Asia responded before the deadline and amended its refund policy to comply with Taiwan’s by extending its trial period from 15 minutes to a full...
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...Dickey FYS 183 Copyright Law Music creativity At the young age of 12, my mom bought me a brand new stereo system for Christmas. Unbeknownst to her, the gift came hidden with a special perk that allowed me to record my favorite songs from the radio onto cassette tapes that I could give away to my friends or use to make my own mix tapes. I made a hobby of recording my favorite songs and remixing them with songs of a different genre. Five years later I became a professional DJ, using more sophisticated tools of course, but with the same creativity I had garnered from the cassette recordings. Had my mother known that she would be supplying her son with the equipment to become a copyright criminal, she probably would have thought twice about her gift and I would’ve never had the opportunity to discover my musical potential. Copyright laws in the music industry need to be changed, to allow everyone, including artists, to combine their talents with the efficiency of the Internet. In the remix culture of today, everyone has an inner-DJ. Music sharing has grown drastically from sharing cassette tapes, to burning CD’s, to p2p networking. People all over the world now share and create new music, while breaking copyright laws and industry codes in the process. Aware of their crimes or not, Internet music sharing has quickly become a competitor with the large music industry and this needs to be addressed. As Lessig proved in his book “Free Culture”, technology has often changed...
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...materials in their work. Additionally, entertaining cultural products such as television shows also help us understand aspects of life, and the simultaneous viewing of a text through online and illegal means can create a sense of community between nation states. People can then go onto media sharing sites such as Twitter and Tumblr in order to discuss a media product that they enjoyed, or otherwise wish to critique, participating in a discourse that can become beneficial for both consumers and creators. One major concern felt by media corporations is that illegal access to content will affect the economic success of the product, and the producers will not gain the rewards that they deserve for their efforts. Many challenge this notion, arguing that true fans of a cultural product will contribute time and revenue to the creators in appreciation for their work. It is also important to note that in some cases, it is in-fact a positive ethical decision to view content through alternative avenues, as a protest to creators or texts that may be morally questionable. The use of copyrighted material by journalists in order to inform the public about news and events is an an ethical reason to justify infringement. In a traditional sense, a journalist’s role is to inform the public about civil matters, in order for them to make informed decisions in the political realm. Yet journalists go beyond the simple retelling of events in an objective manner, and through both ‘hard hitting investigative...
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...are the good effects of Piracy in the entertainment buisness?” Candidate Name: Sumeth Madan Candidate Number: 1156FAGD011 Session: 2012-2015 Subject: ARCS Word Count : 4538 Supervisor: Hans Kirkels Draft – Final 19th June 2013 | Abstract: Background - Piracy in the Internet is defined as the evil force that is destroying the entertainment industry. This blame has been put on since the invention of the Internet and its file sharing ability. It has recently been observed that a significant number of reasons can help in proving that piracy does have a good effect on the society. Result – Distributing the three major entertainment industries such as the music industry, gaming industry and the Movie production industry the research helps in proving the question about why is piracy good to the society. Piracy is not only the back bone of the entertainment business but is also the backbone of the internet as by doing critical analysis we find that it even protects us from the government. Conclusions - A theoretical analysis, backed up by observation and intense reading and understanding of how the Internet and the piracy works we can conclude that the piracy has had good effects on the entertainment industry. Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………… 2 Table of Contents…………………………………………………………...
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...the largest retail grocer in America. Even by 2002, over 100 million Americans visit a Wal-Mart store in a given week (Press Action 2002). Yet, Wal-Mart has struggled in the online world. The company has tried several approaches to selling physical and digital products online. From electronics to books, music, and movie rentals, the company has an-nounced many different online stores. Wal-Mart has struggled with most of its attempts, while Amazon continues to grow and expand in e-commerce sales. Although Amazon has a fraction of the total sales of Wal-Mart, Amazon is substantially larger in online sales. Which raises the ultimate question of what Wal-Mart is doing wrong, or what it needs to do to get a larger share of online sales. Background Many articles and business cases have been written about Wal-Mart. Most customers are probably familiar with the store and the overall concepts, but a considerable amount of work takes place to manage the large inventory, suppliers, pricing, customers, and employ-ees. Wal-Mart has been a leader in using information technology to reduce costs. A huge part of succeeding in retailing is to provide the right products in the stores at the right price, when customers want to buy them. To succeed, Wal-Mart needs to forecast demand for every product in every store. Each product can have multiple variations—such as size or color. Individual items are commonly identified...
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...other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Ivey Management Services is the exclusive representative of the copyright holder and prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. This material is not covered under authorization from CanCopy or any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 6613882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2005, Northeastern University, College of Business Administration Version: (A) 2005-11-07 Nick Drake, Global Media manager (Global Media Group) for adidas, arrived at the company’s headquarters to present a bold new marketing strategy, based around mobile phones. “We call it the Brand in the Hand,” he told the senior marketing executives who had gathered to present their strategy for the upcoming year. The Global Media Group had been arguing that mobile marketing was the surest, and perhaps only, way for adidas to break free from the advertising clutter and fragmentation of traditional media. “Mobile is the most personal medium available,” Drake explained. “People run their whole lives off of mobile. It’s business, it’s personal, it’s information gathering. It’s on 24/7. With mobile, you have the customer’s complete attention.” The Global...
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...holder's exclusive rights, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the copyrighted work, or to make derivative works, without permission from the copyright holder, which is typically a publisher or other business representing or assigned by the work's creator. COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT OCCURS WHEN THE COPYRIGHT OWNER'S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED To fully understand copyright infringement, you must understand what rights you hold as a copyright holder. You own more than just the rights to reproduce the work filed with the US Copyright Office. An owner of a copyright owns a “bundle” of rights. Each of these rights can be sold or assigned separately. Copyright infringement occurs when one of those rights are used without the express consent of the copyright owner. The rights owned by the owner of a copyright include: The Right to Reproduce the Work. This is the right to reproduce, copy, duplicate or transcribe the work in any fixed form. Copyright infringement would occur if someone other than the copyright owner made a copy of the work and resold it. The Right to Derivative Works. This is the right to modify the work to create a new work. A new work that is based upon an existing work is a "derivative work." Copyright infringement would occur here if someone wrote a screenplay based on his favorite John Grisham book and sold or distributed the screenplay, or if someone releases or remixes of one of your songs without your consent. The Right to Distribution. This...
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...William & Mary Law Review Volume 45 | Issue 4 Article 5 A Pattern-Oriented Approach to Fair Use Michael J. Madison Repository Citation Michael J. Madison, A Pattern-Oriented Approach to Fair Use, 45 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 1525 (2004), http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmlr/vol45/iss4/5 Copyright c 2004 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmlr A PATTERN-ORIENTED APPROACH TO FAIR USE MICHAEL J. MADISON* ABSTRACT More than 150 years into development of the doctrineof "fairuse" in American copyright law, there is no end to legislative,judicial, and academic efforts to rationalizethe doctrine. Its codification in the 1976 CopyrightAct appearsto have contributedto its fragmentation, rather than to its coherence. As did much of copyright law, fair use originated as a judicially unacknowledged effort via the law to validate certain favored practicesand patterns.In the main, it has continued to be applied as such, though too often courts mask their implicit validation of these patterns in the now-conventional "caseby-case" application of the statutoryfair use "factors"to the defendant's use of the copyrighted work in question. A more explicit acknowledgment of the role of these patterns in fair use analysis would be consistent with fair use, copyright policy, and tradition. Importantly, such an acknowledgment would help to bridge the often difficult conceptual gap between fair use...
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...This workbook is a companion to the video training available at http://ncu.attackyourday.net. You will need at least 30 minutes a day for 5 consecutive days to complete this workbook. The entire workbook, including viewing the video, will take you approximately 10 hours to complete, so plan accordingly. You will upload this entire workbook for your Mentor. Your content grade will be based on evidence that you completed the training; there are no right or wrong answers. BYWATERSEE8001-2 [pic] Before you get started, please answer these questions. Be honest with yourself. 1. Have you completed a formal time management training course in the past? Yes No If yes, what program? 2. Do you have a plan for scheduling the 10-15 hours per week you will need to engage in learning activities? Yes No Maybe 3. On a scale from 1-7, how effective do you think you are at managing your time, with 1 being not at all effective, 3 somewhat effective, and 7 completely effective? Select the choice that is closest to where you are now. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Not at all-------------------------------------Somewhat------------------------------------Completely 4. Thinking about the last 30 days, how frequently have you experienced anxiety or stress due to not having enough time to get everything done? 1-never 2-occasionally ...
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...Rethinking the Networked Economy: The True Forces Driving the Digital Marketplace. By Stan Liebowitz Professor of Economics University of Texas at Dallas 2/3/2002 Chapter 1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 A. What you will find in later chapters............................................................ 3 Chapter 2: Basic Economics of the Internet.............................................................. 9 A. How the Internet creates value.................................................................... 9 B. Special Economics of the Internet, or maybe not so special..................... 13 i. Network effects......................................................................................... 13 ii. Economies of Scale................................................................................... 15 iii. Winner take all.......................................................................................... 17 C. How the Internet Alters the likelihood of Winner-take-all....................... 20 Chapter 3: Racing to be first: Faddish and Foolish ................................................. 25 A. From Winner-take-all to First-Mover-Wins ............................................. 26 B. The Concept of Lock-In............................................................................ 32 i. Strong Lock-In ...................................................................
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...Operating system : An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system to function. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources. For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and will frequently make a system call to an OS function or be interrupted by it. Operating systems can be found on almost any device that contains a computer—from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers. Examples of popular modern operating systems include Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, OS X, QNX, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM z/OS. All these, except Windows, Windows Phone and z/OS, share roots in UNIX. Smartphone A Smartphone, or smart phone, is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. The first smartphones combined the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA), including email...
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...your opponents’ view. In college, your professors will ask you to write position papers and argument essays to show that you understand both sides of an issue and can support one side or the other. In the workplace, corporate position papers are used to argue for or against business strategies or alternatives. The ability to argue effectively is a useful skill that will help you throughout your life. 221 CHAPTER AT–A–GLANCE Position Papers This diagram shows two basic organizations for a position paper, but other arrangements of these sections will work too. In the pattern on the left, the opponents’ position is described up front with its limitations; then your own position is explained with its strengths. In the pattern on the right, you make a point-by-point comparison, explaining why your position is better than your opponents’. You should alter this organization to fit your topic, angle, purpose, readers, and context. Introduction Introduction Summary of opponents’ position Major point of difference Opponents’...
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