...particular obstacle that has created barriers for women is the means of acquiring abortions and access to women’s health care without criticism. Anti-choice policy makers’ claim that restrictions are necessary in protecting the well-being and health of women, their pregnancies and their children (Burns, Dennis, Douglas-Durham), these claims are part of the hindrances of providing safety in women’s health care. What we are dealing with is policy makers putting many obstacles up for caregivers and patients to acquire safe and healthy means of terminating pregnancies that are unwanted, whether it is the fully mature female who did not have contraceptive or the 13 year...
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...By definition, abortion refers to the ending of a pregnancy by removal of fetus from the uterus of the mother before the embryo can survive its own. As an added note, abortion can be categorized into two types. One is natural abortion otherwise known as a miscarriage. In this case, the fetus is rejected by the mother’s body and does not survive to term. In some circles, this considered an act of God and therefore moral. The other is induced abortion. Induced abortion is an act done purposefully for either health reasons or other personal reasons. The last definition is where society has been divided and has caused a monumental debate as the case for and against abortion when done purposefully has ignited society’s deepest outlooks. Many philosophers...
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...Argument Essay Drafts Step #1: Prewriting & Outline Directions: Complete all of the elements of the prewriting; otherwise, the content of your piece will not be accurate. My Topic: What do I believe about abortion. My Attitude: Abortion should be a decision that a female should make for herself. My Purpose: To inform women that it’s your choice to choose. My Thesis Statement: Abortion should be a woman’s choice. It’s her body, she shouldn’t be forced to feel that abourtion is murder. My Audience: 1. How much does my audience know about my subject? I feel my audience know a little bit about my subject. 2. Age? Gender? Race? Social Status? Location? Religion? Women ages 18-30 all races, social status, and religion. All over the world. 3. Where does my audience stand on the issue; are they Opposed or Neutral? My audience is neutral, not sure. Outline: 1. Abortion can be applied per the situation. A. Rape B. Too young/not ready 2. Bringing a child into this world, that’s unwanted for whatever reason can suffer. A. Child can be mistreated B. Abuse/not love 3. A right to choose is a very important right. A. It’s her body B. Her choice 4. Abortion other then adoption is a good option to me. A. Some women can’t afford children. B. The children will end up in a crowed foster home unwanted. 5. Step #2: Argument Essay Rough...
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...English states that from the liberal point of view the main argument of abortion is that its the woman's body and she can do whatever she wants with it. English then goes to refute this argument by saying “You cannot do as you please with your own body if it affects other people adversely.” (English, 128). As a counter argument to pro-abortion choice English then gives the argument that a fetus is not a person so therefore it would make it okay to kill the fetus. This is where English then uses the example that animals are also not a person but yet it still wouldn't be right to do as we please and kill animals. English then implements the counter argument that animals are killed for sport, food, and experimentation, just as long as...
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...PGP-14-174 SUBJECT: CRITIQUE OF THE ESSAY ON TEENAGERS’ AUTONOMY ON ABORTION DATE: OCTOBER 6, 2014 I would like to share my views on the essay about the autonomy of abortion by Teenagers, the article seem to bear relevance for our proposal towards supporting the CSR investment to the organization under consideration. The essay analysis the laws permitting teenagers to go for abortion and how it affects the lives of the teenagers. The author has concluded that parental consent should be taken in such cases before taking any decision. However, on deeper examining of the reasons, it appears that there is a...
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...Bio ethicsI wish my baby had not been born essay Bio-ethics examines the relationships between the life sciences and philosophy and contemplates moral arguments. Moral arguments such as abortion, euthanasia, and organ donation effect lives and have an impact on society. These issues are emotional in nature and do not have solid biological answers. In the case of abortion there are many variables with the pregnancy such as rape, incest, and malady in the infant. The essay by Emily Rapp, Rick Santorum, Meet my Son, discusses her painful journey through parenting a child with a degenerative genetic disease. She discusses utilizing modern technology tests that are available to the parent but that did not give her the information she needed. She herself underwent genetic testing. But these tests did not catch the fact that her son had Tay Sachs disease, considered one of the most serious of all birth defects, Tay Sachs is always fatal. Tay Sachs causes seizures and blindness and is very painful. Rapp describes in detail how agonizing her son’s life is. Ironically, the senator to whom she targets her issue has also faced a similar issue. Rick Santorum’s youngest daughter, Bella, was born with a genetic disease called Trisomy 18. This disease can also be fatal but is not considered as serious as Tay Sachs. Santorum is a very conservative politician who believes abortion should be illegal. Santorum campaigns on a platform that all life is precious including children with severe disabilities...
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...Maxwell Husband St. Joseph’s University Moral Foundations T/TR 8:30-9:45 “Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice” Abortion is and forever will be a very controversial topic of discussion. It has been debated for years whether it is morally right or wrong. Abortion is a unique subject in that it involves not only morality but also a large amount of theology, emotion, and law. It is also unique because it forces people to choose one side or the other, there is a very small gray area when it comes to this debate, and the side that I will fall on in this essay is the pro-choice side. In this essay I will attempt prove that abortion is not murdering an innocent fetus and that the arguments for pro-choice are stronger than the ones for pro-life. The main point of disagreement between the two sides is what constitutes life, when does human life actually begin? I believe to construct a sound argument this issue must be examined first. I will then go on to cover other various pro-choice points such as a women’s right to choose, the quality of life for the potential child, and the extreme circumstances that will disprove the notion that abortion is morally wrong. As stated in my opening paragraph, the key issue in the case of abortion is determining the status of the fetus in the sense of its humanity. It is my belief that a fetus does not qualify as a human. I agree with Warren when she states that “human being” is a term that is not often distinguished, she suggests that there are two...
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...AS Philosophy & Ethics Course Handbook 2013 to 2014 [pic] OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) http://www.ocr.org.uk/qualifications/type/gce/hss/rs/index.aspx OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) You are studying Philosophy of Religion and Religious Ethics and will be awarded an OCR AS Level in Religious Studies. The modules and their weightings are: |AS: |Unit Code |Unit Title |% of AS |(% of A Level) | | |G571 |AS Philosophy of Religion |50% |(25%) | | |G572 |AS Religious Ethics |50% |(25%) | If you decide to study for the full A Level you will have to study the following modules at A2: |A2: |Unit Code |Unit Title |(% of A Level) | | |G581 |A2 Philosophy of Religion |(25%) | | |G582 |A2 Religious Ethics |(25%) | Grading | ...
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...Should Abortion be Legal? PHI 103 Should Abortion be legal? Part I: Thesis As we approach a presidential election, a hot topic has been abortion. The candidates have announced their stance of either being pro-choice or pro-life. Many people have based their choices on who they will vote for based on this stance, especially women. The United States of America was founded by those fleeing from religious persecution. In an article from the News Mail Bundaberg, the writer wrote that they did not “believe abortion should be used as a lazy form of contraception, but nor do I believe women's bodies should be legislated. Some say abortion is "playing God", but then so is all medicine” (unknown, 2010) Legalizing abortion guarantees that women receive the basic right to choose what happens with their own reproductive systems. Part II: Argument The right to choose is a big deciding factor in agreeing that abortion should be legal. There are certain instances in which a woman should be able to choose if they would like to continue with their pregnancy. For example, if a woman was raped and became pregnant, they should be able to choose whether or not they would like to have that child. Otherwise, they will end up with a child that they have to take care of that will be a constant reminder of that rape. Another instance is incest. If a woman is pregnant and the fetus is fathered by a family member, that woman should have a right to choose if they would like to have that child or...
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...“Abortion is impermissible, because it deprives a being of a future like ours. Accordingly, it is morally similar to killing a healthy adult.” Critically discuss this argument, drawing upon at least one of the authors we have looked at in the readings. Abortion in general can be defined as terminating a pregnancy before birth and this still remains a controversial topic in the world today of whether it is immoral or moral to do so. Besides certain exceptions, the view of abortion as a seriously immoral action has minimal support or evidence in present-day philosophical literature (Marquis, 1989). However, views exist when it comes to illuminating the permissibility of abortion, particularly when future prospects of the foetus are taken into account. This is what the future like ours argument also points out that killing an adult human being is wrong because it deprives the adult of a future and the foetus has a future as well, killing foetuses is wrong in the same way that killing adult human beings is wrong (Kuflik, 2008:417). The future like ours argument is parallel to controversial religious claims and does not appeal to perplexing or difficult philosophical theories (Kuflik, 2008:418). In this essay an attempt will be made to critically discuss abortion being impermissible as it is similar to killing a healthy adult. People against abortion normally depend on the idea that the foetus is a human being or a person from the moment of conception, this notion is argued for...
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...Chapter 11 An Argument that Abortion is Wrong In this essay, we see how Don Marquis argues against abortion by highlighting several different notions. The main crux of his argument however, is based on the Future Like Ours (FLO) theory, and Marquis uses this theory to prove that abortion, except in rare instances, is wrong. To begin his argument, Marquis first highlights that it is necessary for him to address that killing is, as an act, assumed to be wrong- without trying to explain why so. Further, Marquis also provides instances where abortion may be morally permissible- such as when it is affected during the first 14 days after conception, when pregnancy occurs as a result of rape, or when the life of the “mother” or the fetus is at risk should the birth occur. Under the stated assumption that killing is wrong because it “imposes on us the misfortune of a premature death”, Marquis tries to convince us that abortion is also wrong because it deprives the fetus of a future of value. Following his “considered judgment” argument, Marquis draws a parallel between an AIDS patient and a fetus to be aborted- with both subjects suffering a misfortune as they lose the ability to have a FLO. In his next argument, Marquis simply reiterates that killing is the “worst of crimes”, and as such, by killing the fetus and therefore depriving it of a FLO, we are doing something intrinsically wrong. In the FLO appeal to cases argument, killing a person who is presumed to have no...
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...In her article “Virtue Theory and Abortion”, Hursthouse (1991) decides to apply virtue ethics to the question of abortion, a topic that is still contentious to this day. First, she establishes that there has been two traditional stances on the abortion debate : women’s rights and fetal rights. However, Hursthouse wishes to distance herself from these debates and claims that we do not need to take a position regarding this status of the fetus to apply a virtue ethics approach to the issue of abortion. She goes on to argue that by knowing the biological facts of pregnancy, we have enough knowledge of the fetus and its status to argue about the ethics of terminating a pregnancy. In my essay, I will to argue that the author’s virtue ethics approach to the question of abortion may be valid, but it is so because she ultimately does posits herself on the status of the fetus. Still, she fails to offer an alternative that avoids debate over the question of the metaphysical status fetus; thus rendering her argument to be flawed. She refuses to clarify the status of the fetus, to give something about its fundamental nature that we can apply normative claims to. Thus, in my opinion, Hursthouse’s approach...
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...argumentative essay is a very useful test of a student’s ability to think logically. Argue: v. 1. to persuade someone to do or not do something. 2. to give the reasons for your opinion, idea, belief, etc. Argumentative: adj. someone who is argumentative often argues or like arguing. Argument: n. a set of reasons that show that something is true or untrue, right or wrong etc. When you have an opinion and try to convince your listener or reader to accept your opinion, you are agreeing with or disagreeing with something. For example: In an everyday situation, you may try to convince a friend to go somewhere or in a composition or speech class, the instructor may make an assignment in which you must support or oppose the use of nuclear energy to produce electricity. If you agree or disagree on an issue, you will want your reader or listener to accept your point of view. There are a few types of argumentative compositions such as: 1. Advantages and disadvantages 2. Expressing opinions/providing solutions to problems 3. Expressing arguments for and against a topic 4. Compare and contrast something or somebody PURPOSE of ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS * An argument follows when two groups disagree about something. * People can have different opinions and can offer reasons in support of their arguments. However,...
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...Argumentative Essay: Should Abortion Be Illegal? The legalization of abortion has been an issue that has been argued both publically and privately for several decades. In all social circles this subject is very sensitive because of the moral and emotional factors involved. For the religious community, it’s a matter of morality and biblical law. For the lay person or non-religious community it’s a matter of choice. In the political arena it’s a matter of economics. The one factor that stands out the most about this issue is that it is of a personal nature. The question at hand is should we legalize abortion, and should women on government assistance be able to receive an abortion as the expense of tax payers? In order to respond to this question responsibly let’s take a look back history to get a better understanding of abortion. Abortion actually dates back to Biblical times when women consumed an herbal concoction that would induce a spontaneous expulsion of a fetus. Though this practice often resulted in not ending the pregnancy or in the death of the mother and the fetus it was documented (Fox, 2012). Throughout history there have been documented incidents of abortion. In fact, in early American history, abortion was illegal and the death of the fetus was considered to be murder. Since the great legal battle of Roe verses Wade (Profile, 1973), advocates of women’s rights have continued to fight for a woman’s right to choose. This brings Fox, P. (2012). About...
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...Abortion Essays A01: Explain religious and ethical arguments against abortion. (30) Generally, religious teachings are against abortion – most teachings suggest that protecting the defenceless and protecting human life are important values in religion. Although ethical systems could be seen to allow abortion, the focus is totally on the many ethical arguments that are pro life. Firstly, an ethical argument against abortion could be derived from Utilitarianism, particularly Bentham’s utilitarianism including the hedonic calculus. Take a circumstance where a woman is considering terminating her pregnancy. Combine the potential pain and guilt she would experience and add it to the pain the foetus may experience (which some scientists believe could be as early as 16 weeks) and this would outweigh the pain she would experience putting her own interests aside. It is likely that in this particular instance Bentham would be against Abortion. The hedonic calculus can also be applied against abortion., by applying all 7 factors of the calculus to a certain situation. E.g. If a 15 girl became pregnant the calculus can be applied to argue the pro life stance.. The guilt at having an abortion is immediate (remoteness), having an abortion may reduce her choices and freedom in life as it may reduce her chances of having a baby (Richness), the girl having aborted a child may feel such intense guilt that she cannot enjoy any pleasures (intensity), The lack of freedom from the pain/guilt...
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