...Discuss the role of architecture as art in terms of the four roles of an artist with a real world example. According to Webster’s dictionary, architecture is defined as “an art or science of building.” While I believe buildings are mostly engineering processes, structures can be artistic. Architecture comes with design and design usually has some kind of creative element to it. This creativity to reflect the architect’s artistic ability in a building, the thought processes, functional aspects, is art. There is a lot of effort put into making a building. Apart from the engineering process and scientific principles of manipulating mass, volume, materials, and pragmatic elements such as keeping in mind cost, technology, an architect has to be creative to make the building or structures very pleasurable to view. This is because architecture, in essence, fulfills all the roles of an artist. I believe architecture primarily reflects the history, time, culture of the people, technology, and is very symbolic of that time in several different ways. Several examples can be attributed to the artistic roles of architecture. I personally love the fig 494 on page 370 of our text. It is structure called Turning Torso Residential Tower in Sweden. This particular building reflects the third and fourth role of artists of making the structure pleasurable and give hidden meaning of stronger powers. Another impressive building is the Burj Khalifa (fig 501, pg 373, name changed in 2010) in Dubai...
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...Architecture as form of Art Abstract Art was always an inspiration to works in architecture. Architects have always rifled around looking for inspiration from art around us and tried to integrate it with building designs. The Husain-Doshi Gufa renamed, as Amdavad Gufa, a unique art gallery was designed by the architect B.V.Doshi and housed works of his friend a famous artist M.F.Husain in city of Ahmedabad, India. It was designed as an underground gallery with structure consisting of domes, curvilinear walls, tree shaped columns, contoured floors and snouts on domes for light source. The gallery enchanted the people with the surreal sensation of being in a cave. The wall of the gallery has acted as a canvas on which the artist Husain doodled paintings similar to the art in Palaeolithic caves. The entire structure was conceptualized on the confluence of sustainable and vernacular practises alongside the theme drawn from organic architecture. Turtle shell, domes, mountains, and Buddha caves of Ajanta & Ellora inspired the form of the building. The gallery was built underground with china mosaic finish on the top of the domes in order to encounter the harsh heat of the city. The gallery has stood out against the conventional dictum of white cube ideology and opened the dialogue between art and architecture and their mutual dependence. The gallery has brought a distinctive confluence of art in architecture, where the architecture is piece of art itself showcasing art works. But...
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...Running head: Art and Architecture Analyzing Art and Architecture HU300 Art and Humanities: 20th Century and Beyond Art and Architecture I have lived in California for three years, have visits San Francisco numerous times and it was not until this past weekend that I saw the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco for the first time. We took the trip to show our foreign exchange around and show her the beauty of our area and I was surprised to find myself in amazement not only that I did not rush to see such a thing before now, but the beauty and history of the building (pic. 1) as well. In the center is a large dome topped structure surrounded by intricate detailed carvings beautiful landscaping surrounds the front towering columns, stretching from each side is 200 feet of shorter square buildings with columns across the front. (pic. 2) As you stroll through the structure you see detail and beautiful carving in every corner and every inch, (pic 3) in the main Dome, when you look up, you’re surrounded by statues of angels looking down at you from every direction making you feel like you’re the center of their attention. (pic. 4) In the year 1915 architect Bernard R. Maybeck was given the task of creating a Palace of Fine arts for the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, its sole purpose was to exhibit works of art. Bernard R. Maybeck used a classicism approach and chose the theme of a Roman style ruin with a romantic feel and Greek decoration. When Maybeck...
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...Art: Romanesque and Gothic Architecture The Romanesque and gothic styles were both placed in the western period during the middle ages. Both styles were mostly applied in architecture. Romanesque art started in the 7th century and it reached the rest of the Western Europe in a short period of time. Romanesque was the main artistic style in the 12th century until it gave way to the beginning of gothic architecture (Banister 12). Romanesque art come into being around 1000 AD and lasted until 1150 AD. The name Romanesque came from the fusion of Roman, Carolingian and Ottonian. The Romanesque architectural styles were of Roman origin. The structural design included large internal spaces which were topped by barrel vaults, piers and squat columns. The windows and doors in the Romanesque style were made of round headed arches and most of the major churches are laid out on the basilica plan and are modified by the additions of buttresses, transepts and towers (Banister 12). The gothic art was a medieval art movement that urbanized in France so it was fully developed in France and in England in the 12th century. By the 13th century, it had already spread all over Germany. Gothic art emerged out of Romanesque art in the 12th century. Gothic art spread all over Western Europe. The gothic sacred structural design is notable for its lightness (flying buttresses) and tall structures which were achieved through the development of firm architectural features which included...
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...AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE (Early history – 1930) THE FIVE PHASES OF U.S. ARCHITECTURE: 1) Indigenous Phase (Circa 500 B.C. to A.D. 16th century) 2) Colonial Phase (1607- 1780) 3) Post Colonial Phase (1790-1820) 4) First Eclectic Phase (1820-1860) 5) Second Eclectic Phase (1860-1930) 1. INDIGENOUS PHASE (Circa 500 B.C. to A.D. 16th cent.) 1) It is characterized by the use of materials like bricks, stone, rubble, and sand 2) Its most characteristic feature is the truncated pyramid. 3) Earliest settlement were roofed dugouts, pallisaded huts, wigwams, or garrisoned forts surrounding thatched half-timbered cottages. 2. COLONIAL PHASE (1607- 1780) -begins with the colonization of the North American continent. Settlers from various European countries brought with them the building techniques and prevailing forms of their respective homelands. Colonial architecture was subsequently adapted to the topography and climate of the chosen site, the availability of building materials, the dearth of trained builders and artisans, and the general poverty of the settlers. 1.Spanish Influence 2. English Influence(Georgian/ classical/ Palladian phase) Georgian architecture- the prevailing style of the 18thcent. In Great Britain and the north American colonies, so named after George I, II George and George III. Derived from classical, renaissance, and baroque forms...
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...A type of early colonial architecture in Maryland would not be complete without the idea of the Schifferstadt house, named by Joseph Brunner after his childhood home near Mannheim, Germany. Joseph and his family arrived in Philadelphia around 1729. In 1746 he purchased 303 acres of a tract known as "Tasker's Chance" from Daniel Dulany, and built a Schifferstadt, the oldest known house in Frederick still standing, was completed in 1756. It was around 1756, during the time that Elias Bruner owned the farm, that the stone house was built. Although no evidence of a log home has been found, the stone house likely replaced one. German settlers would replace their modest homes with larger, more permanent structures as their families grew and they found financial security. The Germanic tradition of building in this country was a combination of the use of inherited building modes and availability of materials. In the Monocacy Valley region German settlers built several types of houses. The three common types were: a Holzbau, a simple three-room log cabin, the Fachwerbau, a half-timber dwelling that usually replaced the smaller log cabin home, and the Steinbau, a stone cabin that was also built in place of a log home. Form and function of the house can more or less be described by physical characteristics added to the home. Certain Schifferstadt's sandstone walls are two feet thick and its hand-hewn beams are pinned together with wooden pegs. Reinforced arches of stone above the...
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...Syed Akeel Bilgrami Quite often, those associated with the Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture at Karachi have been asked: - What was the need for the Indus Valley School to spend so much time and effort to re-locate an old building on its campus, and, - Why the Nusserwanjee Building? The answers to these questions can be linked to the day, May 1, 1991, when twelve prominent architects of the city brain-stormed at the Indus Valley School to evolve a design criteria for its new campus. The school had just acquired a plot and since it was the first time that a custom–designed campus for an Art and Architecture institution was being built in Pakistan, it was expected the brain-storming would generate some fresh, innovative, ideas. Interestingly however, the consensus at the end of the day, reached, perhaps half in jest, was that an ideal environment for a school of art is in and around an old building, and that the School should find such a building and move into it! Hardly a week later, Shahid Abdulla, one of the founders of the Indus Valley School, excitedly called to say he had found a beautiful old building, right in the heart of Kharadar, which was for sale and about to be demolished. Before one could express one’s reservations about the location, he quickly added, “We will save it and move it to the campus in Clifton.” What he had seen was the hundred-year-old Nusserwanjee Building, a stone structure in two blocks of three and four storeys with large halls...
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...Compare/Contrast Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Since the onset of Greek and Roman civilizations centuries ago we have seen the art and architectural worlds evolve into what we know them as today. In fact, many of the ancient Greek styles were duplicated by the Romans and modified to suit their needs. We can still see a lot of Greek and Roman influences in the present day, especially in the architectural world. Below I will cite some examples of Greek and Roman pieces of art and a structure from each culture and detail some similarities as well as some contrasting values. I’d like to begin by comparing some pieces of art. In The Fallen Warrior (Greece) and The Dying Gaul (Roman copy) both clearly represent a tragic event. Both subjects are leaning on the ground and seem to be dying but the reality of the event is more evident in the Gaul sculpture. The wound is clearly visible and the anguish of the subject is captured in his poise. Conversely the subject of the Warrior piece looks rather content and shows no visible injury. Both works are roughly the same size and represent a relatively perfect human structure with attention to muscular detail as well as an idealization of the human body. However, the Warrior sculpture shows less optical fact and more stylization as far as the eyes, mouth and beard are concerned when compared to the almost true to nature elements of the Gaul piece. This shows how some of the Greek foundation was carried along but modified...
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...“Musee des Beaux Arts” by W.H. Auden artistically orchestrates to his audience some unfortunate realities of everyday people. In the poem “Musee des Beaux Arts” the audience can grasp imagery of how people proceed through their “busy” life and ignore fellow people who suffer. Although the painting of Icarus falling into the sea was a past artwork that “Musee des Beaux Arts” was based off of, Auden universalized the truth that this poem was presenting. The truth that tragedy and suffering occur in life and life moves forward. The tone of Auden in the poem matches the description of the subject or point in time Auden is referring to. An example of Auden’s tone articulately changing to match the mood of a subject is his statements are: “While...
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...The use of juxtapositions in “Musée des Beaux Arts” ‘Musée des Beaux Arts’ is a poem with many juxtapositions, which is used by Auden as a narrative technique. The first juxtaposition is ‘suffering’ alongside the mundane activities carried out by any regular person: ‘eating’, ‘opening a window’, and ‘walking dully along’. This particular contrast is significant as it reflects how suffering is inevitable and often it occurs amid terrestrial routines which take place without much thought emphasising one possible message Auden is trying to give to his readers which is that humans are selfish but unwillingly. Nevertheless, a mocking and humourous tone is created via Auden placing the ridiculous: ‘walking dully along’ and the tragic: ‘suffering’ alongside one another evoking an understanding that suggests it is morbid for us to live our lives in such a selfish manner. Just as Everett has pointed out in her book, Auden, it is difficult to pinpoint Auden’s actual thoughts in his poetry as “Auden can argue, reflect, joke, gossip, sing, analyze, lecture, hector, and simply talk”. A second juxtaposition is the indifference between the old ‘waiting for the miraculous birth’ and ‘the children who did not specially want it to happen’. ‘The miraculous birth’ is used to draw a parallelism in the poem with the Christian account of Christ’s birth and Auden notes that the birth was anticipated ‘passionately’ and eagerly as a miracle, which could offer permanent redemption from the oppression...
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...In Musée des Beaux Arts, W.H. Auden covers the overlooked struggles of life, and how simultaneously, the simplicities of the common day are still occurring. Auden puts into words the thoughts and feeling that people always have but never know how to say. As always, Auden creates another meditation that rings true for all, and will be thought of as accurate throughout eternity. Auden validates the natural suffering of life in the first five lines of Musée des Beaux Arts, and how it can go so easily unnoticed. Auden writes, “About suffering they were never wrong,/ The Old Masters: how well they understood/ Its human position; how it takes place/ While someone else is eating or opening a window or just/ walking dully along;”. Here Auden illustrates...
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...Compare/Contrast Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Since the onset of Greek and Roman civilizations centuries ago we have seen the art and architectural worlds evolve into what we know them as today. In fact, many of the ancient Greek styles were duplicated by the Romans and modified to suit their needs. We can still see a lot of Greek and Roman influences in the present day, especially in the architectural world. Below I will cite some examples of Greek and Roman pieces of art and a structure from each culture and detail some similarities as well as some contrasting values. I’d like to begin by comparing some pieces of art. In The Fallen Warrior (Greece) and The Dying Gaul (Roman copy) both clearly represent a tragic event. Both subjects are leaning on the ground and seem to be dying but the reality of the event is more evident in the Gaul sculpture. The wound is clearly visible and the anguish of the subject is captured in his poise. Conversely the subject of the Warrior piece looks rather content and shows no visible injury. Both works are roughly the same size and represent a relatively perfect human structure with attention to muscular detail as well as an idealization of the human body. However, the Warrior sculpture shows less optical fact and more stylization as far as the eyes, mouth and beard are concerned when compared to the almost true to nature elements of the Gaul piece. This shows how some of the Greek foundation was carried along but modified by the...
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...9/11 Photo Analysis Reading Guide Name: ________________________ Read the Guardian article by Jonathan Jones, “The Meaning of 9/11’s Most Controversial Photo” and then answer the questions below. 1. What concrete details from the photo (if any) are analyzed explicitly? What details are analyzed implicitly? They analyze the way their facial expressions are and how they are sunbathing on the wall means that these people are happy and not caring about what is going on behind them. They seem to be ignoring the terrors facing them. Through out the article the meaning switches from judging the individuals, but rather more as a way to depict history. They also talk about the water & buildings symbolizing things. 2. How and when was this photo released? Why? The photo was not released until 5 years after 9/11 in 2006. The main reason because it was a controversial picture of 9/11 because the people photographed were smiling and enjoying their day, with the twin towers in smoke in the background. Almost all pictures that had been released and published were very sad and devastating. 3. How was the photo initially interpreted? In what ways was this interpretation flawed according to Jones? The photo was initially interpreted that Americans failed to learn deep lessons from that tragic day, but rather just went on enjoying their own lives without taking into consideration what else was happening. Jones says this...
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...poem Musee des Beaux Arts by W.H. Auden and the painting Landscape with the fall of icarus by Pieter Breughel both use the greek myth about the fall of Icarus as their subject however, both works treat the subject quite differently. Some details that Auden uses in his poem to describe the fall of icarus are a large splash, in lines 15 and 16 “The ploughman may have heard the splash, the forsaken cry” Also uses details such as “The sun shone as it had to on the white legs disappearing into the green water” and states that the ploughman turned his head in disinterest because it was not a concern of his. Auden mentions how everything turns away quite leisurely from the disaster, supporting the idea of it being human nature for people not to care about other’s misery unless it were to be happening to them or effecting their life in some way. In Landscape with the fall of icarus many details differ from Auden’s poem. For example there is no horse in the painting as there is in lines 12-13 “The torturer’s horse scratches its innocent behind on a tree” Also in Auden’s poem there are dogs going on with their doggy life but in the painting there are no dogs. In Auden’s poem he states “ there always must be children who did not specially want it to happen, skating on a pond at the edge of the wood” In the painting there isn’t a pond for the children to skate on nor are there any children. Overall the central idea of both Auden’s Musee des Beaux Arts and Landscape with the...
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...Buddhism & Hinduism "Buddhism, in its origin at least is an offshoot of Hinduism." (S.Rahdhakrishnan) Guatam Buddha, the founder of Buddhism was born and brought up and lived and left this materialistic world as a Hindu. And this particular evidence is enough to explain that the concept of Hinduism predates to that of Buddhism. Hinduism, better known as the 'Sanatan Dharma' to the Hindus, is believed to be the oldest religion in the history of human civilisation. Practiced majorly in the secular India, the origin of Hinduism is still a mystery! According to the historians, the origin of Hinduism dates back to 5000 or more years, whereas, the origin of Buddhism came into existence in a much later period, that is in & around 563 BC. After Lord Buddha achieved enlightenment, He preached whatever He learnt from His experiences and His teachings came to be known as Buddhism and were well received by the people. It was during the later part of the Vedic Era, when Hinduism was on the verge of decline owing to the orthodoxy, superstitions and staunch practices, prevailing in the religion, when Buddhism with lesser complexities and rituals was accepted by the common people of India. This was the time when Buddhism arose out of the atheistic strands of Hinduism. It is a fact that Buddhism evolved and developed because of the complex nature evolving in Hinduism, but still despite some differences, these two sects have a lot of things in common. Similarities between Hinduism...
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