...Art and Intention The reaction of the public to Michelangelo’s David and Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase was the painting overturned conventions not only for depicting the female nude but also for representing three-dimensional space on a canvas. Michelangelo’s David it is one of the world’s most famous sculptures, considered a masterpiece of Renaissance art. But it did not meet with universal approval when it was first dis played in Florence, Italy, in 1504. The thing that contemporary viewers find objectionable about each work was the plaza where public political meetings took place on a raised platform called the arringhiera from which the English word “harangue” derives). Its political context, in other words, was clear. It represented David’s triumph over the tyrant Goliath and was meant to symbolize Republican Florence the city’s freedom from foreign and papal domination and from the rule of the Medici family as well. Les Demoiselles d’Avingnon has often been interpreted as commenting on the anxiety surrounding venereal disease, a life-threatening sexual affliction that widely affected prostitutes in Paris during the 1900s. The reasons behind Duchamp’s innovative approach to human form were inspired by a popular exhibition of African objects held in Paris in the 1800s. Frequently carried modern European perceptions of cultural superiority and often appropriated the art without understanding its original meaning function. Yes the artist’s inspiration enhanced...
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...Art and Intention Colleen Claus ART/101 August 16, 2013 John Lennox Art and Intention The statue of David was created to symbolize the city of Florence’s freedom from foreign, papal, and Medici rule by depicting the triumph of David over the giant, Goliath. The unveiling met with public resistance. Supporters of the Medici family hurled stones at it during the night. Other citizens objected to its nudity. To protect the sensibilities of the viewers, a copper skirt was made to go around it (Sayre, 2009). Marcel Duchamp’s painting, “Nude Descending A Staircase” is a captivating piece. By viewing it from a distance one perceives the graceful flow of movement. This is an abstract painting using cubism and inspired by stop-action photography. The public expected a realistic painting and did not understand the work. They thought the artist was mocking them. A reporter challenged anyone to find a woman in the picture (MyArtsLab, 2012). This painting is not a study of the human body but a study of movement. The inspiration for this piece was a book by Etienne Jules Marey, pictures of a horse trotting in stop-action photography, and an illustration that used a system of dots to indicate the point of each movement made (MyArtsLab, 2012). Duchamp depicted motion with the study of a figure in kinetic motion, represented by successive superimposed images of the subject. At first viewing the painting seemed to depict chaos and confusion. Knowing the artist’s...
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...Marcel Duchamp’s painting the Nude Descending a Staircase, and Michelangelo’s David were pieces of art that were met with heavy criticism in different ways. Duchamp, more so for his painting was deemed unrealistic and when initially viewed the audience found it insulting. Michelangelo’s statue David on the other hand received criticism due to political views and societal views about nudity. The objections seen and posed by audiences in the Duchamp painting was in that it didn’t make sense, there wasn’t a natural flow to the piece. People were used to seeing images reflective of life that were easy to understand and this was not the case. The painting was quite abstract and challenging for people to understand. Duchamp I believe took an innovative approach towards his piece because he wanted to challenge his audience in making them think outside the box. The painting clearly shows he was interested in the human body by painting it in abstract form rather than in true form, the body in motion is visually deceptive. Another reason for his approach was his interest in the works of photographic art; in fact, Nude Descending a Staircase is reflective of artist such as Eadweard Muybridge, Woman Walking Downstairs,(www.newyorktimes.com). Michelangelo’s David an iconic ode to the human body was created in 1504, (www.newyorktimes.com), and the figure representative of strength before a battle is larger than life. The religious connotation of the piece is part of Christianity and...
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...Summarize the reaction of the public to Michelangelo’s David and Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase. The Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending art work became one of the controversial works because people thought he was mocking the audience because they could not find a woman in the painting. The public did not like the Michelangelo’s David art work. They were offended by the nudity. People wanted to destroy the work. They had to put a skirt around to cover the nudity. What did viewers of the respective time periods find objectionable about each work? Viewer in the Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending art work did not understand the art work because they could not find a woman in the work. The artist did not post an actual woman in the painting. The work was a collection of jagged, flat forms that overlap in a shallow space. Viewer in the Michelangelo’s David art work did not appreciate the work. They felt it was disrespectful. The nudity of the man on the image was objectionable. What are the reasons behind Duchamp’s innovative approach to human form? He wanted to combine two different styles from two modern art movement of the time. So he put multiple of women walking down stairs and overlap the photo. Does knowledge of the artist’s inspiration enhance your appreciation of Nude Descending a Staircase? Yes is liked the image. When I first looked at the work I could not understand it but after I kept looking at it you can see how there is a person in there and...
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...Art and intention Art and Intention Summarize the reaction of the public to Michelangelo’s David and Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending a Staircase. The Marcel Duchamp’s Nude Descending art work became one of the controversial works because people thought he was mocking the audience because they could not find a woman in the painting. Critics and art magazine were offing the public monies just to find a woman in the painting. The public did not like the Michelangelo’s David art work. They felt it was defensive due to the fact that male genital exposed. That was during a time were woman and children were considered fragile. Over a period time when it was finally out to it resting place in the front of the seat of government in Florence they covered his male genitals with and it varies from the original which was a bronze leaf to the replicates of white leaf. But even the leaf that was chosen meant something. What did contemporary viewers find objectionable about each work? Duchamp’s Nude descent carried the same puzzlement due to the fact that a visible recognized woman could not be found. He wanted the viewer to stretch their imagination to see the woman. The objections to the statue David was the same all over the full frontal and back of David. To capture the full form of a nude, young, vital male, was to sexual and obscene for those time. What are the reasons behind Duchamp’s innovative approach to human form? I believe he wanted to combine...
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...Modern observations of art history tend to present an issue once we attempt to conceptualize the art of the past. We come across this issue when we attempt to use western definitions of art as the standard for all of human history, including the history of non-western cultures. In her essay, “The Trouble with (The Term) Art,” 2006, Carolyn Dean presents her case on how our Eurocentric definitions of art can have a negative impact on our observations of non-Western art. Dean’s use of examples from AOA fields (Africa, Oceania, Americas) allow the reader to correlate her stance on defining art with the negative implications that arise from this issue. Her recognition that “there is no globally acceptable definition of art…” (page 26) allows for...
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...61105 UGS302 November 5, 2015 Serra and Rivera: Held Together by Destruction Art functions as a representation of ideas that reflect on the public. “ To remove the work is to destroy it ” according to the famous Richard Serra as he defends his piece, Tilted Arc. Art Controversies are ubiquitous in American Society, especially when the art function is mismatched with the audience. Diego Rivera’s Man at the Crossroads and Richard Serra’s Tilted Arc questioned the validity of destroying artwork as well as the process by which art can be canceled. Both differ in the form, artist’s intent, and how the artist defended their rights. Located in front of the Jacob Javitis federal plaza, Richard Serra’s...
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...discernment, must be able to understand the nature of the act and its consequences. A pers that has a full concrete capacity is presumed by law to have judgment or discernment. This legal presumption may be overruled by proving the temporary lack of judgment of the person in question, as for example for temporarily mental illness, or influence of drugs. You can find this in the civil code Art. 1205 paragraph 1 2. To be expressed by a pers. who has the intention to produce legal effects. This condition is not fulfilled when for example the pers. Is only kidding, he has no real intention to conclude a contract – informal bet. 3. To be externalized. It means that the consent must result from the words or even the actions of the parties. In this respect several problems arise in case of silence. Generally in our law the consent cannot be implied and therefore in case of silence it is considered that there is no consent at all. The inaction of the parties or the silence is not conceived as an expression of the intention to conclude a contract. However there are some exceptions to this rule, as follows (Art 1196 – paragraph 2) Exceptions: * The law expressly provides that in some cases that the silence of one of the parties must be considered as consent. For eg according the law the rent contract...
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...Haya Alsahli Historical Context of Still life of Flowers and Fruits Art 1301, Art Appreciation TTh-1:30 – 2:55pm Spring 2017 Haya Al-sahli Dave Brown Art Appreciation 1301 April 20, 2017 Still Life of Flowers and Fruit Works of arts have some type of historical background. Artists have some type of intention for their artwork. Artists have these intentions for calling objects that were not created by them to be considered works of art. The year that an artwork was created can tell a lot about the work. When trying to figure out the meaning behind an artwork, it makes viewers understand the way the work of art is arranged. While artists create works of art, in this paper it will cover Still Life of Flowers and Fruits by Jan Van...
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...take? Chan Ka Hon 10085761 Chui Ho Ling 10272285 Law Ka Ming 10194641 Pang Shu Mei 10176417 Wong Chun Kit 10012441 Background When considering whether the Article 23 should be reintroduced, we should comprehensively look into its historical background and the consequence of its implementation. The Basic Law established certain “connecting doors” between the HK and Mainland legal systems that permit the Central People’s Government (CPG) to regain control should HK ever stray too far from established policies such as the Art.17, Art.18 and Art.158. Of all the opportunities for the CPG to influence HK, Art.23 is the one caused the greatest public concerns. The discussion of Art.23 started since the drafting of the Basic Law in 1985 to implement China’s basic policies towards HK. One of the five subgroups under the Basic Law Drafting Committee was responsible for drafting to govern the relationship between the CPG and HK which included Art.23. The Consultative Committee composed of the HK members recommended in 1987 that the Basic Law should require the HK Government to enact laws to protect China’s unity and territorial integrity. The relevant article drafted in PRC legal language: “The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall prohibit by law any act designed to undermine national unity or subvert the Central People’s Government” To allay concerns that the article might be too broad and ambiguous and could be abused to publish legitimate political dissent...
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...Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or e-mail: psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Any enquiries regarding this document/publication should be sent to us at enquiries@educationscotland.gov.uk. This document is also available from our website at www.educationscotland.gov.uk. Contents Mind map of educational relevance 4 Exploring stimuli 5 Discovering your theme 12 Applying knowledge of technical skills and choreographic principles 13 Appreciating safe dance practice 15 Engaging with theatre arts and technology 16 A choreographic plan 23 Evaluation...
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...CONTRACTS Stages in the life of a contract: 1. Preparation/Generation 2. Perfection/Birth 3. Consummation/Death Characteristics of Contracts: (ROMA) 1. Relativity (Art. 1311) 2. Obligatoriness & Consensuality (Art. 1315) 3. Mutuality (Art. 1308) 4. Autonomy (Art. 1306) Stipulation pour Autrui - stipulation in favor of a 3rd party. Requisites: 1. The stipulation must be part, not whole of the contract; 2. the contracting parties must have clearly and deliberately conferred a favor upon a 3rd person; 3. the 3rd person must have communicate his acceptance; 4. neither of the contracting parties bears the legal representation of the 3rd party. General Rule: Contracts (except real contracts) are perfected from the moment there is a manifestation of concurrence between the offer and the acceptance regarding the object and the cause. Except: Acceptance by letter or telegram which does not bind the offerror except from the time it came to his knowledge. Theories applied to perfection of contracts: 1. Manifestation theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the acceptance is declared or made; 2. Expedition theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the offeree transmits the notification of acceptance to the offerror; 3. Reception theory - the contract is perfected from the moment that the notification of acceptance is in the hands of the offerror; 4. Cognition theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the acceptance comes to...
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...CONTRACTS Stages in the life of a contract: 1. Preparation/Generation 2. Perfection/Birth 3. Consummation/Death Characteristics of Contracts: (ROMA) 1. Relativity (Art. 1311) 2. Obligatoriness & Consensuality (Art. 1315) 3. Mutuality (Art. 1308) 4. Autonomy (Art. 1306) Stipulation pour Autrui - stipulation in favor of a 3rd party. Requisites: 1. The stipulation must be part, not whole of the contract; 2. the contracting parties must have clearly and deliberately conferred a favor upon a 3rd person; 3. the 3rd person must have communicate his acceptance; 4. neither of the contracting parties bears the legal representation of the 3rd party. General Rule: Contracts (except real contracts) are perfected from the moment there is a manifestation of concurrence between the offer and the acceptance regarding the object and the cause. Except: Acceptance by letter or telegram which does not bind the offerror except from the time it came to his knowledge. Theories applied to perfection of contracts: 1. Manifestation theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the acceptance is declared or made; 2. Expedition theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the offeree transmits the notification of acceptance to the offerror; 3. Reception theory - the contract is perfected from the moment that the notification of acceptance is in the hands of the offerror; 4. Cognition theory - the contract is perfected from the moment the acceptance comes to...
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...CASE STUDY- JULIAN BEEVER BIO/ARTIST Julian Beever was born in Cheltenham in 1959. He grew up in Melton Mowbray and began pavement art as a form of busking. Beever’s current lifestyle is using his commission payment to fund his travels around the world and showcase his art. He has worked in places such as Belgium, France, Germany, Austria, Denmark, (etc.) BODY OF WORK Julian Beever is a commercial chalk artist that specialises in abstract techniques. His style of drawing is a form of illusion created with chalk, water and certain camera lenses to help make the illusion more prominent. Beever encourages interaction with his audience by asking them to help him draw or stand in the photo he takes of the art. INFLUENCES AND INTENTIONS The inspiration for Julian...
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...In the 1960’s Carolee Schneemann was first drawn to her Old Stone House in Springtown, New York. When Schneemann first came across the stone house, she felt an immediate impulse to unite with its unique and individual character- so beautifully isolated among the rural and undeveloped. She was immediately embraced by the calm spirit of the ramshackle house, and as if her intuition didn’t say enough, a company of dreams ensued which further intensified her attraction. This paper, will prove how the persevering spirit of the Old Stone House, has come to mirror Carolee’s own spirit as artist. While Carolee does not consider the Old Stone House a work itself, it is the embedded spirit and process of discovery that is reminiscent of her artistic manifesto. For Schneeman, the Old Stone House served as a rejection, of the mindless repetition of images associated with pop culture, and the mainstream in the 1960s. It represented an escape and stood instead as an embracement of history and spirit. Carolee proudly tells us of her prescient dreams which were quite influential to her and James Tenney’s decision to purchase the property in upstate New York. “I had an overwhelming need to tell them not to offer the house and then these dreams began, in trying to figure out what kind of destiny we could find with this monumental space…I listened to them” (Conversation) Her first dream told her, “You will see a golden stone.“ Schneemann and Tenney decided to follow this dream due to the fact...
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