...The Ashley Treatment has been considered as a controversial set of medical procedures that was first undergone by a Seattle child, Ashley. Ashley had a normal birth, but her mental and motor faculties failed to develop for reasons doctors could not determine. Ashley, called the “pillow angel,” by her parents, suffers from a developmental brain condition known as static encephalopathy (P Clark). Ashley’s parents decided to keep her small through some medical treatments which included high-does estrogen therapy to limit height and weight, hysterectomy to remove the uterus and prevent menstruation, breast bud removal to halt breast development, and an appendectomy (P Clark). Argument 1: I argue that the Ashley Treatment improve the patient who is similar to Ashley and her family’s quality of life that aligns with the Utilitarianism Theory. The surgical procedures will prevent potential discomfort from menstrual cramps and any possibility of pregnancy in the event of rape (P Clark). The treatment also avoids the discomfort of large breasts while lying down in the wheelchairs. By getting the treatment, the patient’s family could take care of the patient at home instead of spending all of their time in the hospital. The patient can enjoy the opportunity to be around by her family, the inclusion of family activities, and the comfort of her home, which fulfills the Beneficence Principle. The surgical procedures also revolve around Consequentialism Concept because the benefits...
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...The Ashley Treatment has been, and still remains, controversial. A statement written by Ashley’s mom and dad stated that “Ashley had a normal birth, but her mental and motor faculties did not develop. Over the years, neurologists, geneticists, and other specialists conducted every known traditional and experimental test, but still could not determine a diagnosis or a cause. Doctor’s call her condition ‘static encephalopathy of unknown etiology’, which means an insult to the brain of unknown origin or cause, and one that will not improve.” The “The Ashley Treatment” is now a generic phrase coined in the health profession that refers to growth-stunting procedures for children with severe disabilities. This name was given in reference to a collection of medical procedures done for the improvement of Ashley’s quality of life. The treatment includes growth attenuation through high-dose estrogen therapy, hysterectomy to eliminate the menstrual cycle and associated discomfort to Ashley, and breast bud removal to avoid the development of large breasts and the associated discomfort to Ashley. The combination of the surgery and the estrogen therapy attracted a ton of public attention and ethical analysis in early 2007, both supportive and judging. The parents state that they sought such treatment for the best interests of their daughter, namely, to enable them to personally continue constant care for her at home; to maximize her inclusion in family activities; to avoid the cramps and...
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...Introductory Exercise- Ashleys Treatment The case of Ashley X caused huge controvosy worldwide. I will be giving my opinion on the case and look at the for and against arguments and come to an opinion. I will also explore the laws in the Uk and the US in relation to this case and conclude if the UK would allow the procedures that took place in the Ashley X case. Ashely was born in 1997 with a severe brain impairment termed a "static encephalothy". The word static is used as her condition will not improve. As a nine year old girl she is unable to walk or talk. It is said that her brain function was that of a three month old baby. Due to the severevity of ashleys condition maximising care is her treatment. Ashley lives in the US with her parents and other siblings. After what must have been a tremondously difficult decision, Ashleys parents decided to put a freeze on her development using several very complex procedures. It was the opinion of her parents that by stopping Ashelys phsyical development it would enable them to care for her more effectively and minimise discomfort and pain. The procedures that were proposed would stop Ashley from reaching puberty and to stop her physical growth. It was suggested that if Ashley reached puberty it would become more difficult to care for her and extremely uncomfortable. The suggested treatment would avoid the discomfort associated with menstruation, large breasts and reduce the complications that get worse with size such as pressure...
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...Sports Direct Under Fire Over Work Conditions At Company’s Derbyshire Headquarters Ambulances were called out to the Shirebrook, Derbyshire Sports Direct warehouse more than 81 times in the last 2 years. An investigation has been ongoing regarding the work conditions at this firm. BBC has revealed that there were 36 incidents that happened to be life threatening, which was said by staff that were afraid to take time off for being sick. The sportswear company that was founded by Newcastle United owner Mike Ashley, has been criticized for employing 20,000 workers on zero-hours contracts, which accounts for around 90 per cent of the workforce. Among many of the serious incidents that were revealed in the investigation, was a 52 year old man who suffered a stoke at the warehouse’s canteen. His daughter revealed to BBC news that her father was not willing to take the day eve though her had flu like symptoms. She said: “He was so worried about his job he was even scared to take one day sick. What is happening there is not normal.” She added that the family does not blame Sports Direct for his stroke, which left him partially paralyzed. She said people felt they had to work despite feeling unwell for fear of a “six strikes” policy, in which anyone who gets six warnings in six months will lose their job. It is alleged that warnings are issued to workers for taking long toilet breaks, excessive chatting and for having time off for sickness. The chairman of the company, Keith Hellawell...
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...CTAC02 4/13/07 17:20 Page 10 Laura Ashley Holdings plc: The Battle for Survival On February 1, 1999 Ng Kwan Cheong took over as chief executive of Laura Ashley Holdings. Cheong was the company’s seventh CEO since the death of Laura Ashley in 1985. Indeed, the longevity of Laura Ashley CEOs was shortening. John James was CEO from 1976 to 1990, Jim Maxmin from 1991 to 1993, A. Schouten from 1993 to 1995, Ann Iverson from 1995 to 1997, David Hoare from 1997 to 1998, while Cheong’s immediate predecessor, Victoria Egan, had held the job a mere 5 months. Top management turmoil coincided with a downward spiral for the company. In the financial year ended January 31, 1999, sales were down 17% on the previous year, and the bottom line showed a net loss of £33 million. Ng Kwan Cheong was one of the senior management team of MUI Asia Group – a diversified Malaysian corporation that acquired 40% of Laura Ashley’s equity in May 1998. He had been chief executive of MUI’s retailing arm, Metrojaya Berhad, as well as holding board positions with several other Malaysian companies. However, despite considerable senior management experience as well as familiarity with the UK (Cheong was a graduate of Middlesex University), little in his prior career could have prepared him for the situation at Laura Ashley. Despite a succession of restructurings and strategy redirections since 1990, the company continued to bleed cash – cash outflow from operations was £11.4 million during the...
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...procedures undergone on a baby born in Seattle . Her name is Ashley X (last name unknown). She was born with severe developmental disabilities. All of this was due to Static Encephalopathy of unknown etiology. After a month of life is when she was diagnosed and her parents had to make the decision to help or not to help and just let it be. They did what they had to do. What lead up to the choice that they made was what the hospitals said to them. In the opinion of her physicians Ashley was never going to be able to sit up, roll over, grasp objects, or speak. She will be fed through a gastrostomy tube to help her eat. Fast forward Ashley is 15 years old, and going through life with the cognitive resources typically available to a 3-6 month old baby. Her parents state that they sought such treatment for the best interest of their daughter. That is why they agreed with the procedures that are as followed. Surgical removal of her Fallopian tubes and uterus. Removes of her breast buds. Surgical removal of her appendix immediately. Also the immediate arrest of physical growth through massive doses of estrogen. All of this to make Ashley live a comfortable life. That is why her parents went forward with all these procedures, but in the...
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...Caniel Snowball 6/17/15 The Shipping News is a story about letting go of the past, the pursuit of happiness and a bunch of knots. Annie Proulx’s clever use of symbolism and interesting array of characters cohesively make an impactful tale and string the storyline together. A theme of having a troubled past becomes clear as it tactfully explained throughout the story to project potential for the growth. Quoyle is the story’s main protagonist who has a mid-life crisis at 36 when his cheating wife dies in a car accident and his parents commit suicide. Proulx describes Quoyle’s past as one with many shortcomings paired with his awkward looking chin and size that encapsulate him in a shell of low self-confidence. His newly found Aunt Agnis appears in his life after his parent’s deaths to bring him to Newfoundland for a new start on life. Quoyle find love and courage in Newfoundland and comes to point where his wife’s death doesn’t haunt him. The aunt, a widowed hard alcohol drinking closet lesbian, throughout the book attempts to stay busy with work and making plans. Upon introduction, Agnis appears to be a flat character but progresses into a more complex character when Quoyle’s father’s incestuous indiscretions with his sister are revealed. The reader can retrieve a sense of how she fits the operating method of someone after a sexual assault. Agnis’s refusal to show weakness or vulnerability and constant need to show she is in control adds depth to her character. When Cousin...
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...John Locke John locke was a English liberalist, believing that no man is without liberty or equality. He also supported the rights to which a man could have. His philosophy was to believe that man could not be controlled by another man; only you can control yourself and the power of nature. Locke was born in august 29, 1632. In 1647, he attended the Westminster school of London, later earning his bachelor’s degree and master’s degree. In oxford he had earned a bachelor of medicine in 1674. One day a man named Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st earl of Shaftesbury to get his liver treated. He apparently met Locke and was thoroughly impressed at his skill in medicine, asking John to later become an attendant for the earl, earning his right to be called a doctor of sorts to Cooper. Later Locke had performed surgery with several others and saved Cooper from a life-threatening liver infection. This later influenced his life as “thinker”. Shaftesbury later became lord chancellor in 1672, After that John Locke spent a lot of years traveling around Europe and came back to England in 1679, and having written the Two Treatises of government, which argued that absolute monarchy is unjust and wrong, but these views and ideas of his proved to be revolutionary. Later being spied and questioned for the assassination attempt of the current king – King Charles II of England, he fled to the Netherlands in 1683 and then continued his writings and revised quite a large sum of it, including the letter...
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