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Balance Sheet

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The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements
Kegunaan Neraca (Usefulness of the Balance Sheet) Balance Sheet yang dikenal sebagai statement of financial position, merupakan laporan pada saat tertentu mengenai sumber daya perusahaan (asset), hutang-hutangnya (liabilities), dan klaim pemilikan residual terhadap sumber daya (owner’s equity). Dengan menganalisis hubungan di antara pos-pos ini, maka investor atau creditor dapat mengetahui: 1. Liquidity, yaitu kemampuannya untuk memenuhi short-term obligations 2. Solvency, yaitu kemampuan untuk membayar semua current and long-term debt pada saat jatuh tempo. Comparative Balance Sheet dapat memberikan banyak informasi yang berguna bagi pihak yang berkepentingan dalam menganalisis kekuatan suatu perusahaan.

UNSUR-UNSUR NERACA (Elements of The Balance Sheet) 1. Assets mencakup costs yang belum ditandingkan dengan revenue di masa lalu dan diharapkan memberi manfaat ekonomi dalam menghasilkan revenue di masa depan. Assets meliputi aktiva moneter (monetary assets), seperti cash, certain marketable securities, receivables, dan nonmonetary assets yang mencakup costs seperti inventory, prepaid insurance, equipment, patents dll 2. Liabilities, mengukur klaim para creditor terhadap sumber daya entitas. 3. Owner Equity, mengukur hak pemilik dalam total sumber daya perusahaan bersangkutan. Classified Balance Sheets Assets Current Assets Cash Investment Securities Account and Notes Receivable Inventories Other current assets, such as prepaid expenses Noncurrent Assets Invesments Fixed Assets Intangible assets Other noncurrent assets Noncurrent Liabilities Long Term debt Long Term Lease Obligation Deferred Income Tax Liability Other noncurrent liabilities, (such as pension Obligations) Owners’ Equity Contibuted Capital: Capital Stock Additional paid-in-capital Retained Earning Other equity, (such as treasury stock a subtraction) Liabilities Current Liabilities Accounts and notes payable Accrued expenses Current portion of long-term obligations Other current liabilities (such as unearned revenues)

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

Siklus Operasi (Operating Cycle) Cash

Collections

Purchases

Receivables

Inventory

Sales

Klasifikasi Neraca (Classified Balance Sheets) Current Assets Current Assets mencakup Cash dan sumber daya yang diharapkan dapat diubah menjadi cash selama siklus operasi normal suatu perusahaan atau di dalam jangka satu tahun. Contoh: • Cash • Inventories • Marketable securities • Prepaid expenses and other • Receivables Ada beberapa perkecualian, dimana perkiraan tersebut tidak dapat digolongkan sebagai current assets seperti: ⇒ Notes Receivable yang jatuh temponya 24 bulan ⇒ Cash yang disisihkan untuk melunasi noncurrent debt. Noncurrent Assets (Aktiva tak lancar) Assets yang tidak diklasifikasikan lancar dikategorikan sebagai noncurrent assets. Noncurrent assets dapat terdiri dari beberapa unsur seperti: • Invesments Investment yang dimaksud untuk tujuan jangka panjang, seperti untuk memperoleh income yang teratur, kenaikan nilai investment, atau pengendalian pemilikan, dan dilaporkan di bawah judul “Invesments” Contoh dari invesments yaitu: Stocks, bonds, and mortgage holdings, securities dari perusahaan-perusahaan afiliasi dan uang muka kepada perusahaan tersebut, sinking fund yang terdiri dari cash dan securities untuk penebusan bonds atau stocks • Property, Plant and Equipment Properties yang berwujud dan relatif permanen yang digunakan dalam operasi normal perusahan dan dilaporkan dengan judul “Property, Plant, and Equipment” Contoh dari property, plant and equipment yaitu: Land, Building, Machinery, Tools, Furniture, Fixtures, Vihicles.

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

Kebanyakan Tangible Property dilaporkan sebesar cost dikurangi accumulated depreciation kecuali Land. • Aktiva Tak Berwujud (Intangible Assets) Merupakan Long Term Right dan hak istimewa (privileges) yang bersifat nonfisik dan digunakan dalam operasi perusahaan dan dilaporkan di bawah judul “Intangibel Assets” Yang termasuk dalam kelompok ini yaitu: Goodwill, Patents, Trademark, Franchises, Copyright Intangible assets dilaporkan sebesar cost dikurangi dengan jumlah yang telah diamortisasi. • Aktiva Tak Lancar lainnya (Other Noncurrent Assets) Noncurrent assets yang tidak tepat dicantumkan dalam klasifikasi di atas dapat di catat secara terpisah dengan judul “Other Noncurrent Assets” yang termasuk dalam other noncurrent assets yaitu: pembayaran dimuka untuk jasa atau manfaat yang diterima dalam beberapa periode, seperti: biaya penataan ulang, pengembangan serta perbaikan pabrik

Current Liabilities Current Liabilities yaitu kewajiban (obligations) yang layaknya diperkirakan untuk dibayarkan dengan memakai current asset. Pos-pos yang biasa dimasukkan sebagai current liabilities seperti: • Short term borrowings • Accrued rental expense • Accounts payable • Accrued interest expense • Accrued salaries and wages • Accrued taxes Perkecualian yang disebut dengan current liabilities yaitu: ⇒ Kewajiban jangka pendek (Short-term obligations) yang diharapkan akan dibiayai kembali (refinanced, yaitu diperpanjang waktunya atau dilunasi dengan pinjaman baru) ⇒ Debt yang akan dilunasi dengan dana yang telah dikumpulkan dan yang dilaporkan sebagai tak lancar (noncurrent sinking fund) ⇒ Pinjaman yang dilakukan atas polis asuransi jiwa dengan maksud hal ini tidak akan dibayarkan tetapi akan dikompensasikan dengan pemotongan dari hasil polis pada tanggal jatuh tempo ⇒ Kewajiban untuk penerimaan dimuka yang melibatkan penundaan jangka panjang atas penyerahan barang atau jasa

Noncurrent Liabilities (Kewajiban tak lancar) Kewajiban (Obligations) yang tidak diharapkan untuk dibayar atau di penuhi dalam waktu 12 bulan atau dalam siklus operasi normal perusahaan diklasifikasikan sebagai noncurrent liabilities. Noncurrent Liabilities pada umumnya terdiri dari beberapa unsur seperti: • Hutang Jangka Panjang (Long-Term Debt) Long-term notes, bonds, mortgages dan similar obligations yang tidak memerlukan penggunaan dana lancar untuk pelunasannya pada umumnya dilaporkan pada balance sheet dengan judul “Long Term Debt” Jika jumlah yang dipinjam tidak sama dengan jumlah yang dikembalikan untuk melunasi debt, dan debt disajikan dengan jumlah jatuh temponya, dan debt discount atau premium harus dilaporkan. Discount harus mengurangi jumlah debt yang dilaporkan, dan premium harus menambah jumlah debt yang dilaporkan.

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

Dengan demikian, debt dilaporkan sebesar nilai sekarangnya (Present Value) yang diukur berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh saat debt tersebut terjadi. • Kewajiban lease jangka panjang (Long-Term Lease Obligations) Beberapa lease Land, Building, dan equipment secara finansial telah terstruktur sehingga pada dasarnya merupakan kewajiban yang didanai penuh. FASB telah membentuk kriteria untuk menentukan mana lease yang harus dipertimbangkan sebagai pembelian, atau capital lease, dan bukan sebagai operating lease biasa. Present value dari pembayaran minimum lease masa depan dicatat sebagai kewajiban jangka panjang. Bagian dari present value yang jatuh tempo dalam tahun berikutnya, atau dalam siklus operasi normal, yang mana lebih lama, akan diklasifikasikan sebagai current liabilities. • Pajak penghasilan yang ditangguhkan (Deferred Income Tax Liability) Pajak penghasilan di masa depan yang diharapkan dibayar pada penghasilan yang telah diakui di dalam laporan penghasilan namun belum dikenai pajak. Hutang pajak penghasilan tertunda sering muncul dari perlindungan pajak temporal oleh depresiasi yang dipercepat. Hutang ini di nilai dengan menggunakan tingkat pajak penghasilan yang diharapkan untuk diterima pada masa yang akan datang ketika pendapatan dikenai pajak. • Kewajiban tak lancar lainnya (Other Noncurrent Liability) Noncurrent liabilities yang tidak tepat untuk dilaporkan pada judul umum, dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai other noncurrent liability. Contoh dari liabilities ini mencakup long-term liabilities kepada pegawai staf perusahaan atau perusahaan afiliasi, nilai pokok dan kewajiban bunga obligasi yang jatuh tempo tetapi belum diklaim, kewajiban jangka panjang untuk program pensiun dan pendapatan diterima dimuka • Kewajiban Kontinjen atau Hutang Bersyarat (Contingent Liabilities) Merupakan hutang potensial (Potential obligation) yang keberadaannya tidak pasti karena bergantung pada hasil kejadian di mana depan, misalnya pemberlakuan hukum yang tertunda, jumlah kewajiban potensial dapat atau tidak dapat ditentukan.

EKUITAS PEMILIK (Owners’ Equity) Metode pelaporan Owners’ Equity bervariasi menurut bentuk unit usaha yang pada dasarnya dibagi 3 kategori yaitu: 1. Perusahaan perorangan (Proprietorships) 2. Persekutuan (Partnerships) 3. Perseroan (Corporations) Pada Proprietorships, owners’ equity dalam assets dilaporkan dengan perkiraan single capital account. Saldo perkiraan ini merupakan hasil kumulatif owner’s invesments dan withdrawals dan juga earning serta loss masa lalu. Pada Partnerships, masing-masing sekutu memiliki perkiraan modal yang mengikhtisarkan investasi dan penarikan serta bagian laba dan kerugian masa lalu untuk masing-masing sekutu. Pada Corporations, selisih antara assets dan liabilities disebut owners’ equity, stockholders (shareholders’ ) equity Dalam penyajiannya, owners’ equity pada balance sheet dibedakan menjadi 2 yaitu: 1. Ekuitas yang berasal dari stockholder investment , disebut contributed capital (paid-in capital) 2. Ekuitas yang berasal dari earnings, disebut retained earnings.

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements •

Modal Kontribusi (Contributed Capital)

Contributed Capital atau modal setoran umumnya dilaporkan dalam 2 bagian yaitu: 1. Modal saham (Capital Stock) - menunjukkan bagian kontribusi pemegang saham (stockholders) yang dapat dikaitkan dengan lembar saham yang diterbitkan. 2. Tambahan modal setoran (Additional paid – in capital) - merupakan investment oleh stockholders yang melebihi jumlah capital stock dan modal investasi (invested capital) dari sumber-sumber lainnya. • Laba ditahan (Retained Earnings)

Jumlah earning yang tidak dibagikan pada periode-periode yang lalu dilaporkan sebagai retained earning. Jumlah total yang terlihat mungkin tidak akan menunjukkan cash yang tersedia untuk dibayarkan sebagai dividend, karena earnings tahun-tahun lalu biasanya sudah diinvestasikan kembali dalam other assets. • Ekuitas lainnya (Other Equity)

Sebagai tambahan pada dua kategori pokok modal yang disumbangkan dan retained earnings, bagian equity dapat meliputi sejumlah perkiraan yang beragam antara lain: • Saham Treasuri (Treasury Stock) Saham yang diterbitkan tetapi kemudian ditarik kembali dan tidak dihentikan peredarannya atau dibatalkan, dikurangkan dari total saham yang dikeluarkan atau dari jumlah saldo modal kontribusi dan saldo retained earning. Unrealized gains and loss on available for sale securities Available for sale securities adalah efek yang tidak segera untuk dijual kembali namun juga tidak berarti di tahan secara permanen. Securities ini dilaporkan pada balance sheet sebesar nilai pasar yang berjalan. Unrealized gains and loss dari fluktuasi nilai pasar tidak termasuk pada income statement tetapi dilaporkan / ditunjukkan sebagai bagian dari perkiraan equity. Foreign currency translation adjustments Adjustment ini muncul dari perubahan equity of foreign subsidiaries yang terjadi selama tahun itu sebagai hasil dari perubahan pada foreign currency exchange rates. Offsets on the Balance Sheet Beberapa perkiraan pada balance sheet sering kali dilaporkan sebesar jumlah kotornya dan untuk memperoleh penilaian yang layak diperlukan pencatatan saldo-saldo offset. Saldo-saldo offset tersebut dapat ditemukan dalam kelompok assets, liabilities, dan owners’ equity. Untuk assets contohnya: o An allowance for doubtful account yang dikurangkan dari jumlah customer accounts untuk melaporkan jumlah bersih yang di anggap dapat diterima. o Accumulated depreciation yang dikurangkan dari saldo building dan equipment bersangkutan untuk melaporkan nilai assets yang masih dpat dikaitkan dengan pendapatan di masa depan. o Untuk liabilities, diskonto obligasi yang dikurangkan dari nilai nominal obligasi yang beredar untuk melaporkan jumlah bersih hutang obilgasi. Tipe-tipe di atas yang memakai perkiraan kontra diperlukan untuk menyajikan secara layak perkiraan-perkiraan balance sheet tertentu. Meskipun demikian, offset tidak layak dibuat jika diterapkan pada saldo assets dan liabilities yang berlainan atau pada saldo assets dan owners’ equity kendatipun ada hubungan antara pos-pos tersebut.







The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

BENTUK NERACA (form of The Balance Sheet) Balance Sheet disusun dalam salah satu dari 2 bentuk yaitu: 1. Bentuk perkiraan (account form) Asset disajikan disebelah kiri dan liabilities dan owners equity disajikan di sebelah kanan. 2. Bentuk laporan (report form) Assets, liabilities, dan owners’ equity disusun secara vertikal. Urutan klasifikasi assets dan liabilities dapat bervariasi, tapi sebagian besar menekankan pada posisi working capital dan liquidity, dengan assets dan liabilities disajkan menurut urutan liquidity. Pengecuailan penyajian ini ditemukan pada seksi Land, Building, dan Equipment dimana assets yang lebih permanen dengan manfaat (usia) pemakaiannya yang lebih panjang dicantumkan terlebih dahulu.

Tambahan Pengungkapan untuk Neraca (Additional Disclosure to the Balance Sheet) Laporan dasar yang dibuat pada umumnya tidak menyediakan semua informasi yang diinginkan oleh pemakai financial statement. Para pemakai financial statement sering kali merasa perlu informasi tambahan. Ada 3 cara pokok penyajian pengungkapan tambahan pada laporan keuangan pokok yaitu: 1. Sebagai catatan kecil dalam tanda kurung di dalam batang tubuh laporan 2. Sebagai catatan atas laporan keuangan dasar 3. Dalam skedul terpisah yang disusun manajemen guna melengkapi financial statement dasar. Jenis catatan berikut biasanya dimasukkan manajemen sebagai pendukung untuk financial statement dasar yaitu: 1. Ikhtisar kebijakan akuntansi yang penting (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) mewajibkan agar informasi mengenai prinsip dan kebijakan akuntansi yang diterapkan diikuti untuk memperoleh jumlah-jumlah dalam financial statement, harus diungkapkan kepada para pemakai. Contoh: Metode depreciation, amortization of intangible asset, metode penilaian inventory, pengakuan profit atas kontrak konstruksi jangka panjang dan pengakuan revenue dari operasi leasing. 2. Informasi tambahan untuk mendukung jumlah total (Additional information to support summary totals) Informasi tambahan (baik numerik maupun deskriptif) untuk mendukung jumlah total yang ada pada financial statement, biasanya balance sheet. Ini merupakan jenis catatan paling umum yang digunakan. Untuk menyusun Balance Sheet yang cukup singkat agar mudah dipahami tetapi cukup lengkap agar memenuhi kebutuhan pemakai, adakalanya catatan ditambahkan guna memberikan informasi kualitatif atau naratif untuk mendukung jumlah-jumlah dalam laporan tersebut. Contoh: catatan pinjaman jangka pendek (Short-Term Borrowing) , catatan hutang jangka panjang (Long-Term debt). 3. Informasi mengenai pos-pos yang tidak dilaporkan pada laporan keuangan (information about items not included in Financial Statement)

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

hal ini terjadi karena pos-pos ini gagal memenuhi kriteria pengakuan, tetapi masih dianggap signifikan bagi para pemakai dalam pengambilan keputusan mereka. Contoh: keuntungan kontinjen (Gain Contingencies), yang bertalian dengan kemungkinan klaim perusahaan untuk menerima assets tetapi eksistensinya terlalu tidak pasti untuk dapat diakui seperti keputusan pengadilan yang menguntungkan dalam suatu perkara hukum kerugian kontinjen, yang bertalian dengan kemungkinan klaim terhadap perusahaan yang mungkin memerlukan arus kas keluar aktiva. 4. Informasi tambahan (Supplementary Information) Yang diisyaratkan oleh FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) atau SEC (Securities Exchange Commnission) sesuai dengan prinsip pengungkapan penuh. FASB dan SEC mensyaratkan informasi tambahan yang harus dilaporkan dalam skedulskedul terpisah. Contoh: FASB mewajibkan pengungkapan informasi kuartalan untuk perusahaan tertentu.

Kejadian-kejadian setelah tanggal Neraca (Subsequent Events) Financial Statement biasanya diterbitkan beberapa hari atau minggu bahkan bulan, setelah tanggal tersebut. Beberapa peristiwa dapat terjadi selama periode setelah tanggal balance sheet ini yang mempunyai dampak terhadap balance sheet dan financial statement lain untuk tahun sebelumnya. Peristiwa ini dikenal sebagai peristiwa kemudian atau kejadian setelah tanggal neraca (subsequent events or post balance sheet events) Ada 2 jenis peristiwa kemudian yang memerlukan pertimbangan manajemen dan evaluasi oleh auditor independen yaitu: 1. Peristiwa yang mempengaruhi jumlah-jumlah yang harus dilaporkan dalam satu financial statement atau lebih untuk periode akuntansi sebelumnya Contoh: Penyisihan untuk piutang ragu-ragu, kewajiban garansi dan hutang pajak penghasilan mencerminkan estimasi nilai yang diperkirakan. Estimasi ini didasarkan pada informasi yang tersedia pada tanggal tertentu. Jika peristiwa kemudian memberikan informasi yang menunjukkan bahwa ada kondisi per tanggal neraca yang berbeda dengan yang diasumsikan ketika membuat estimasi, diperlukan perubahan jumlah yang harus dilaporkan dalam laporan keuangan. 2. Peristiwa yang tidak mempengaruhi jumlah-jumlah dalam laporan keuangan untuk periode akuntansi sebelumnya, tapi yang harus dilaporkan dalam catatan pada laporan keuangan ini. Contoh: Bencana yang menghancurkan sebagai besar asset perusahaan, pengambilalihan perusahaan anak yang besar, penjualan obligasi atau saham dalam jumlah besar dan kerugian atas piutang jika penyebab kerugian itu terjadi setelah tanggal balance sheet.

The Balance Sheet and Notes To The Financial Statements

Keterbatasan Neraca (Limitations of The Balance Sheet) Balance Sheet mempunyai beberapa keterbatasan yang penting antara lain: 1. Tidak mencerminkan secara umum nilai saat ini suatu perusahaan. Sebagai gantinya sumber daya dan kewajiban entitas biasanya disajikan menurut harga perolehan (Cost) berdasarkan transaksi-transaksi dan kejadian masa lalu. 2. Ketidakstabilan nilai mata uang yaitu unit pengukuran akuntansi standar. Oleh karena adanya perubahan harga umum dalam ekonomi, mata uang tidak mencerminkan daya beli yang konstan. Namun historical cost sumber daya dan equity yang ditunjukkan pada balance sheet tidak disesuaikan terhadap perubahan daya beli unit pengukuran tersebut, yang mengakibatkan balance sheet mencerminkan assets, liabilities dan equity dalam satuan unit daya beli yang tidak sama. 3. Kebutuhan akan komparabilitas (daya banding) dimana semua perusahaan tidak mengklasifikasikan dan melaporkan semua perkiraan yang sama secara seragam. Contoh : judul dan klasifikasi perkiraan berubah-ubah 4. Masalah pengukuran, beberapa sumber daya dan liabilities entitas tidak dilaporkan dalam balance sheet. Contoh: Pegawai suatu perusahaan merupakan salah satu sumber daya perusahaan yang bernilai, tapi tidak ditunjukkan pada neraca karena potensi jasa masa depannya tidak dapat diukur dalam nilai moneter.

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...Analysis of Balance Sheet for 2011-2012: 1. Total assets/liabilities has increased by21.45%, which indicates that the company is growing at a faster rate. 2. Fund Utilization: There is no change in share capital, but reserve has increased by 21.71%. There are no loan funds. Net worth has increased by 21.45%. It indicate a strong financial condition because the company has utilized the funds well. 3. Asset Utilization : Net fixed assets has a marginal increase of 0.12% as compared to the net operating income of 23.11%. It indicates that the company has taken up new and better technology. 4. Receivable Management: Sundry debtors has increased by 28.30% while the net operating income has increased only by 23.11%. So, the company is not in a good financial condition. 5. Liquidity Position: Net current assets has increased by 24.94%, it indicates a good liquidity condition. 6. Cash and Bank balances: The companies cash and bank balance has increased by 2698.75% which is a bad condition because the company is not generating any revenue. 7. Net Fixed Assets, Work in Progress and Net Operating Income comparison: Net block has increased by only 0.12% as compared to the work in progress change of 104.61% which is a bad financial health. Analysis of Profit and Loss Account for 2011-2012: 1. % increase or decrease of Net Operating Income: Net operating income has increased by 23.23% that means the company is in growth phase. 2. Operating Expenses Vs...

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...James Lowe ACC201 Financial Accounting Module 1 Case Assignment Part I. Search the course background information, the Internet and/or the Cyber Library. Discuss each of the following terms. Your discussion should expand on the definition as given in the course terms. Explain why this concept is important to financial statements. A. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. As per Investopedia, GAAP refers to "common set of accounting principles, standards and procedures that companies use to compile their financial statements. GAAP are a combination of authoritative standards (set by policy boards) and simply the commonly accepted ways of recording and reporting accounting information." GAAP provides guidelines to prepare and present the financial statements. GAAP ensures consistency in the preparation of financial statements. It provides credibility to the financial accounting records. GAAP relates to all the aspects of recording, preparing and presenting the financial transactions. B. Liquidity. As per Investopedia, Liquidity refers to: 1. The degree to which an asset or security can be bought or sold in the market without affecting the asset's price. Liquidity is characterized by a high level of trading activity. 2. The ability to convert an asset to cash quickly. Also known as "marketability". Hence Liquidity refers to the ease of conversion of assets in cash. Current assets are more liquid that fixed assets. An organization should...

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Balance Sheet

...| Total current liabilities | $390,000 | 441,000 |   |   |   | Long-term liabilities |   |   | Long-term debt | 85,000 | 65,000 | Deferred taxes | 19,000 | 17,000 | Total non-current liabilities | $104,000 | 82,000 |   |   |   | Total liabilities | $494,000 | 523,000 |   |   |   | Shareholders’ Equity |   |   | Capital | $100,000 | $100,000 | Additional paid-in capital | 15,000 | 15,000 | Retained earnings | 738,000 | 625,000 | Total equity | $853,000 | 740,000 |   |   |   | Total liabilities and equity | $1,347,000 | $1,263,000 | Definition of a balance sheet: A balance sheet is a financial statement that summarizes a company’s assets, liabilities and shareholders’’ equity at a specific point in time. These three balance sheet segments give investors an idea as to what the company owns and owes, as well as the amount invested by shareholders. The balance sheet adheres to the following formula: Assets=Liabilities + Shareholders’...

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...ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET ASSETS Total assets increased $233.1 million, or 7%, as of December 31, 2002, primarily as a result of higher cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other non-current assets, partially offset by lower deferred income taxes, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, and goodwill. Current assets increased by $96.1 million, or 8%, principally reflecting increased cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, substantially offset by a decrease in deferred income taxes. The increase in cash and cash equivalents reflected strong cash flows from operations during the year, offset by contributions of $308.1 million to the Corporation's pension plans. Prepaid expenses and other current assets reflected higher prepaid pension expense associated with the funding of pension plans during the year and increased original margin balances for commodity futures. The elimination of current deferred income taxes resulted primarily from the significant liability related to the tax effect on other comprehensive income associated with the gains on commodity futures contracts during the year. Property, plant and equipment was lower than the prior year primarily due to depreciation expense of $155.4 million and the retirement of property, plant and equipment of $19.0 million, partially offset by capital additions of $132.7 million. The decrease in goodwill primarily reflected the impact of the sale of certain...

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...Revised Schedule VI Page 2 INTRODUCTION TO REVISED SCHEDULE VI Every company registered under the Act shall prepare its Balance Sheet, Statement of Profit and Loss and notes thereto in accordance with the manner prescribed in Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. To harmonise the disclosure requirements with the Accounting Standards and to converge with the new reforms, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs vide Notification No. S.O. 447(E), dated 28th February 2011 replaced the existing Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956 with the revised one. Government vide Notification No. F.N. 2/6/2008 – C.L-V dated 30th March 2011 made the revised Schedule VI applicable to all companies for the financial year commencing from 01st April 2011. The requirements of the Revised Schedule VI however, do not apply to companies as referred to in the proviso to Section 211 (1) and Section 211 (2) of the Act, i.e., any insurance or banking company, or any company engaged in the generation or supply of electricity or to any other class of company for which a form of Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss account has been specified in or under any other Act governing such class of company. Key Features of Revised Schedule VI –Balance Sheet • The revised schedule contains General Instructions, Part I – Form of Balance Sheet; General Instructions for Preparation of Balance Sheet, Part II – Form of Statement of Profit and Loss; General Instructions for Preparation of Statement of Profit and Loss. • The...

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...BALANCE SHEET AS AT ` Crore Particulars EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Shareholders' funds Share capital Reserves and surplus Deferred revenue Non-current liabilities Long-term borrowings Deferred tax liabilities (net) Other long-term liabilities Long-term provisions Current liabilities Trade payables Other current liabilities Short-term provisions TOTAL ASSETS Non-current assets Fixed assets Tangible assets Intangible assets Capital work-in-progress Intangible assets under development Non-current investments Long-term loans and advances Other non-current assets Current assets Current investments Inventories Trade receivables Cash and bank balances Short-term loans and advances Other current assets TOTAL Significant accounting policies The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. For and on behalf of the Board of Directors (A.K.Rastogi) Company Secretary For O. P. Bagla & Co. Chartered Accountants Firm Reg. No. 000018N (Rakesh Kumar) Partner M No.087537 For V. Sankar Aiyar & Co. Chartered Accountants Firm Reg. No. 109208W (M. S. Balachandran) Partner M No. 024282 Place : New Delhi Dated : 15th May 2014 Note 31.03.2014 31.03.2013 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8,245.46 77,569.86 85,815.32 1,609.88 62,405.75 1,051.61 2,512.46 879.36 66,849.18 6,633.34 11,343.86 7,302.60 25,279.80 179,554.18 8,245.46 72,142.05 80,387.51 1,244.05 53,253.66 915.30 1,969.84 739.92 56,878.72 5,132.39 10,469.25 7,004.54 22,606.18 161,116.46 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15A ...

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...the order in which they are expected to be converted into cash (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2003). Long-term investments are stocks and bonds purchased from another company. These assets are normally held for many years, hence the name long-term investments. Long-term investments can also include land or buildings owned by the company but not currently being used by the company. These investments can gain value over time which makes them an asset to a company. Long-term investments may never be sold. These investments provide a slow yet steady means of revenue as these assets gain value. This section would provide information about the company’s ability to pay long-term debts. The Property, plant, & equipment section of the balance sheet is also referred to as fixed assets. This section covers the assets that the company is going to being using for a long time in their operating activities. This includes any equipment necessary for producing products, land and building currently being...

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...Classified Balance Sheets (60 points) The following (given in scrambled order) are accounts and balances from the accounting records of Alleg, Inc., as of December 31, 2012, after the books were closed for the year. Common stock, authorized 21,000 share At $1 par value, issued 12,000 shares $12,000 Additional paid-in capital 38,000 Cash 14,000 Marketable securities 17,000 Accounts receivable 26,000 Accounts Payable 16,000 Current maturities of long-term debt 11,000 Mortgages payable 80,000 Bonds payable 65,000 Inventory 33,000 Land and buildings 57,000 Machinery and equipment 120,000 Goodwill 13,000 Patents 9,000 Other assets 45,000 Deferred income taxes (long-term liability) 18,000 Retained earnings 33,000 Accumulated depreciation 61,000 Bonds and mortgages generally have 10-30 years until maturity. Marketable securities are short-term investments that can be converted to cash in a matter of minutes. Required: Prepare a classified balance sheet with a proper heading on a spreadsheet. For assets, use the classifications of current assets, plant and equipment, intangibles, and other assets. For liabilities, use the classifications of current liabilities and long-term liabilities. Compute the total asset turnover rate assuming that total revenues in 2012 were $682,500. Round to the nearest hundredth, e.g. 3.33. Assume that Alleg’s primary competitor has an asset turnover of 2.12. What does this...

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...Balance sheet ratios The important ratios that arise from the Balance Sheet include working capital, liquidity, net worth, debtors turnover, return on assets and return on investment. Working capital ratio This ratio is also known as "the current ratio", and is one of the best-known measures of financial strength. The main question this ratio addresses is: "Does your business have enough current assets to meet the payment schedule of its current debts with a margin of safety for possible losses in current assets, such as stock shrinking or uncollectable debtors?" A generally acceptable current ratio is 2:1; but whether or not a specific ratio is satisfactory, depends on the nature of the business and the characteristics of its current assets and liabilities. The minimum acceptable current ratio is obviously 1:1 but that relationship is usually playing it too close for comfort. Because there is a time lag between paying for materials and labour used to produce your goods and the receipt of the cash for those goods, the business needs money to fund its day-to-day operations. This money is referred to as working capital and is represented by the difference between current assets and current liabilities. The formula for working out your working capital ratio is as follows: Current Assets ($120,000) / Current Liabilities ($80,000) = 1.5 : 1.0 In this case it means that there is $1.50 available in current assets to meet every $1 of current liability. This ratio...

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