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Can marijuana reduce pain in patients with neuropathic pain?
Timothy Fichtler
Professor Bekker
Psychology 101
February 15, 2011

PS101S General Psychology
Research Question: Can marijuana reduce pain in patients with neuropathic pain?

Johnson, J.R. (2009). Study of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of THC. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management The main purpose of this article was to determine what effect marijuana had on subjects with neuropathic pain. A key question the author looked at was whether or not marijuana use would relieve patients with advanced cancer-related pain. Participants were either given a placebo or marijuana in the study. Patients who received marijuana reported significantly greater pain reduction than the group that received the placebo. The experimenters used the pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) to determine the results of the study. Doctor Johnson concluded that THC from marijuana is very effective at treating cancer patients whose pain is not fully relieved by opioids. Future research should use marijuana in treating diseases other than cancer that cause unbearable pain to patients.

Ellis, R.J. (2008). Smoked Medicinal Cannabis for Neuropathic Pain in HIV: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial. Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 34, 672-680.
The main purpose of this article was to see whether or not marijuana would relieve HIV-related pain in patients. Doctor Ellis wanted to see if marijuana would reduce neuropathic pain caused by HIV. Patients were either given marijuana or placebo marijuana cigarettes. The goal was to see what percentage of patients in each group would report pain reduction of at least 30 percent. 46 percent of patients that received marijuana reported at least a 30 percent pain reduction, compared to just 18 percent of the placebo group. Due to this, Doctor Ellis concluded that marijuana was well-tolerated and effective at treating patients with HIV-related pain. Future research should include subjects with sexually transmitted diseases other than HIV to see if any of them can be relieved by marijuana use.

Wilsey, B. (2008). "A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Cross-Over Trial of Cannabis Cigarettes in Neuropathic Pain. Journal of Pain, Vol. 9, 505-521.
The main purpose of the article was to determine if marijuana would relieve neuropathic pain caused by different sources. The key question was to see whether or not marijuana would relieve patients who suffered from spinal cord injuries, Multiple Sclerosis, and diabetes. Patients were either given a low dose of marijuana, a high dose, or placebo marijuana cigarettes. Doctor Wilsey found that subjects given marijuana felt greater pain reduction than those who were given the placebo. There was no significant difference in pain reduction for patients who received the low dose of marijuana or the high dose. This showed us that even a small amount of marijuana can reduce neuropathic pain of many different causes.

What are the effects of marijuana on patients with neuropathic pain? Marijuana has long been an illegal drug even though millions of people around the world admit to using it recreationally. It can be very therapeutic and may be very useful in the medical world despite its illegal status. Marijuana can effectively reduce pain in patients with neuropathic pain caused by: cancer (Johnson, 2009), HIV (Ellis, 2008), and other serious illnesses (Wilsey, 2008). Marijuana use can be very beneficial in cancer patients because it is shown to significantly reduce the pain that they feel (Johnson, 2009). Johnson (2009) found that marijuana effectively reduced pain in his cancer patients even though strong opioids were not able to do this. It was also found to reduce pain experienced by HIV patients (Ellis, 2009). Ellis (2009) found that his patient’s pain was significantly reduced compared to the placebo group. Even illnesses like spinal cord injuries, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis can have the pain they cause reduced with the use of marijuana (Wilsey, 2008). In conclusion, marijuana seems to be a very useful drug when it comes to neuropathic pain reduction. Even though it is illegal, medical professionals should begin to use marijuana to effectively treat patients who cannot find relief. Further extensive research should be conducted to determine exactly how marijuana can be best used to treat neuropathic pain in patients. Public awareness about the therapeutic effects of marijuana needs to be drastically raised so that it can become a mainstay drug for pain reduction.

References
Johnson, J.R. (2009). Study of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of THC. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Ellis, R.J. (2008). Smoked Medicinal Cannabis for Neuropathic Pain in HIV: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial. Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 34, 672-680.
Wilsey, B. (2008). "A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Cross-Over Trial of Cannabis Cigarettes in Neuropathic Pain. Journal of Pain, Vol. 9, 505-521.

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