...that money back isn't high. Greece is on the brink of bankruptcy and many economists believe that they are already bankrupt. Greece's debt has reached 160% of their gross domestic product. When debt reaches 100% of gross domestic product, it is cause for major concern. What's worse, they don't have the capacity to do much about it. Greece can't artificially change the buying power of their currency because they are part of the eurozone, and they can't easily raise taxes because they don't have an efficient or well-developed system of collecting taxes. If all of that isn't enough, the citizens of Greece are growing increasingly upset with their government, which is causing political turmoil as well as economic. Greece owes so much money to other countries that each citizen owes $40,000! 1. We Live in a Global World The world is no longer a collection of countries, many of which have little effect on each other. Because of the large-scale innovations in technology over the past 20 years, the world is now completely interconnected. When something happens to one country, the entire globe is affected. How does Greece directly affect citizens on the other side of the world? Reuters reports that North American banks only have approximately $32.7 billion tied up in Greece but this is...
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...Group - 1 INTRODUCTION OF PESTEL ANALYSIS For the development of any country many factors plays vital role. The trades as well as all the factors are interrelated. One of the most important factors affecting the expansion of country is PESTEL This analysis provides a holistic view of any country from historical current and future. This analysis on critical, current and future is presented through detail is called SCPT. That means (strengths, challenges, prospects, and threats). Analysis of each segments the PESTLE country analysis provides an in depth analysis of 50 major countries This classification is distinguishes between PESTEL mainly contains following points : Political factors Economic factors Social factors Technological factors Environmental factors Legal factors FEATURES OF PESTEL ANALYSIS OF MALAYSIA Get trend and forecast of real GDP growth rate of Malaysia. Get trend of consumption expenditure in percentage of GDP in Malaysia. Research and development factors of Malaysia. Technological factors of Malaysia. Get trend of growth of population rate in Malaysia. Get trend of unemployment rate in Malaysia. Get trend of savings and consumption as well as investment and expenditure in percentage in GDP of Malaysia. BENEFITS OF PESTEL ANALYSIS IN MALAYSIA Political section on Malaysia provides get the information about the whole political system governors indicators and all key figures in the country. From economic section we get all...
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...valuable suggestions. © ARUN GULERIA | arun_guleria@ymail.com ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING Environmental scanning is a process of gathering, analyzing, and dispensing information for tactical or strategic purposes. The environmental scanning process entails obtaining both factual and subjective information on the business environments in which a company is operating or considering entering. Environmental scanning is the process in which a firm continually collects and evaluates information about its external environment. There are six main categories of environmental data to consider when evaluating marketing decisions. These are social forces, demographic forces, economic forces, technological forces, political and legal forces, and competitive forces. SOCIAL FORCES: Potential customers in the automobile...
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... ………………………. 14 II.2.1 Pharmaceutical Sector ………………………. 15 II.2.2 Toiletries Sector ………………………. 16 II.2.3 Tobacco Sector ………………………. 17 II.3 Financial Services ………………………. 18 II.4 Power ………………………. 19 II.5 Telecommunications ………………………. 20 II.6 Transportation ………………………. 21 II.7 Health Services ………………………. 22 CHAPTER III SECTORAL POLICIES ………………………. 23 III.1 Financial Services ………………………. 24 III.2 Power ………………………. 25 III.3 Telecommunications ………………………. 26 III.4 Transportation ………………………. 27 III.5 Observations ………………………. 28 CHAPTER IV CONSUMER POLICY ………………………. 29 CHAPTER V ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES PREVAILING IN BANGLADESH …………….. 30 CHAPTER VI PERSPECTIVES ON COMPETITION POLICY ………………………. 31 A. Policy Makers ………………………. 32 B. Business Community ………………………. 33 C. Consumers ………………………. 34...
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...A REPORT ON THE BRICS COUNTRIES ECONOMIC POLICIES Submitted to Submitted by Prof. Padmakali Banerjee BA ECONOMICS HONS (4th sem) Contents 1. Introduction to BRICs 2. Brazil 3. Russia 4. India 5. China BRICS • In economics, BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development. • The acronym was coined by Jim O'Neill in a 2001 paper entitled "Building Better Global Economic BRICs" • It is typically rendered as "the BRICs" or "the BRIC countries" or "the BRIC economies" or alternatively as the "Big Four". • It has been replaced by BRICS since the 2010 inclusion of South Africa in the bloc. • In 2010, however, while the four BRIC countries accounted for over a quarter of the world's land area and more than 40% of the world's population. • Projections on the future power of the BRIC economies vary widely. Some sources suggest that they might overtake the G7 economies by 2027. • According to a paper published in 2005, Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries comparable to the BRICs, but their economies were excluded initially because they were considered already more developed, as they were already members of the OECD. Current leader Brazil - Dilma Rousseff, President China - Xi Jinping, President India...
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...Brazil – Country Report Introduction The country has been expanding its presence in international financial and commodities markets, and is one of a group of four emerging economies called the BRIC countries. Although struggling with social inequality and infrastructural deficits we think that Brazil is already a great world power. Also what attracted us to Brazil as a case study for this report is it’s exotic character. Not many people really know the extent of Brazil’s recent growth and improvements in social security and in overcoming poverty. We expect the labor force and operational costs to be low, like in the other emerging countries like China. However we take in to consideration higher costs involving security and bureaucracy. Chapter 1 – Short presentation of the country The Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest country in both South America and the Latin America Region. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population, with over 193 million people. It is the largest Lusophone country in the world, and the only one in the Americas. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km. It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of Brazilian territory, such as Fernando...
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...1. UKEssays 2. Essays 3. Economics 4. Analysis Of The Emerging Country South Africa Economics Essay Print Reference This Reddit This Tweet Analysis Of The Emerging Country South Africa Economics Essay In the following pages we will analyze the place of South Africa in International Trade. In order to do so we will analyze the background of the country, develop PESTLE analysis, look at the balance of payments as well as trade balance, examine exchange trade policy and growth rate of the economy. In conclusion we will provide forecast for country's development. Today South Africa's trade and industrial policy is moving away from a highly protected, inward looking economy towards an internationally competitive economy, capitalizing on its competitive and comparative advantages. From the period of apartheid, it has made great progress in dismantling its old economic system, which was based on import substitution, high tariffs and subsidies, anticompetitive behavior, and extensive government intervention in the economy. The leadership has moved to reduce the government's role in the economy and to promote private sector investment and competition. It has significantly reduced tariffs and exports subsidies, loosened exchange controls, cut the secondary tax on corporate dividends, and improved enforcement of intellectual...
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...and opening up of the market boundaries.” The European Economic Community (EEC) was formed in 1957 by the treaty of Rome and it consisted of France, Italy, Luxembourg, West Germany and Belgium. It is also known as the common market in some publications. Its founding principles consisted of the notions of democracy and political stability and liberalized market economy among others. Countries in Europe joined this community based on these principles and Greece applied for accession in 1975, Portugal in 1977 and Spain initially in 1962 and then in 1977. These 3 countries’ accession to the EEC had some difficulties. These problems were both political and economic. Democracy and political stability, were major political problems, whilst macro-economic problems such as economic level and performance, taxation, tariff policy, industrial protectionism policies, low agriculture production and socio-cultural differences among other problems. Some of these problems are general and others are unique to specific countries among these 3 countries. The first problem to be analyzed is that of democracy and political stability. Among the founding principles of the EEC was demand of working democracy. Jennifer Lauren Popowycz asserts that the EEC had previously denied cooperation with these 3 countries because they violated human rights and did not have democratic governments. Greece’s history was marred by some despotic military regimes and a military coup d’état in 1962 was one of those moments...
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...transformed into a network of grain banks Greek and Roman link The Greeks coined money and developed a system of credit. The Roman Empire had a highly developed banking system, and its bankers accepted deposits of money, made loans, and purchased mortgages History of International Banking Collapsing Roman Empire in AD 476 was a major set back and banking declined in Europe. Italians are the first to have organised international banking due to the increase of trade in the 13th‐ century. The moneychangers of the Italian states developed facilities for exchanging local and foreign currency. As trade is growing, merchants demanded other services, such as lending money, and gradually bank services were expanded. Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the north such as Florence, Venice and Genoa. First reported international banks were established in Genoa, Milan, Venice and Florence in 12th Century According to the Encarta encyclopaedia the first bank to offer most of the basic banking functions known today was the Bank of Barcelona in Spain. This was founded by merchants in 1401. This bank held deposits, exchanged currency, and carried out lending operations. It also is believed to have introduced the bank check. Three other early banks, each managed by a committee of city officials, were the Bank of Amsterdam (1609), the Bank of Venice (1587), and the Bank of Hamburg (1619). These institutions...
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...Organizational Behavior – Consultancy Report Group 18 DISCLAIMER This material is based upon work supported by Caixa Geral de Depósitos (CGD), Banco Português de Investimento (BPI) and Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Companies, their employees or their administrations. 2 Organizational Behavior – Consultancy Report Group 18 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2. Organizational Context 3. Theoretical Background 4. Methodology 4.1 Procedures 4.2 Sample 5. Analysis 5.1. Limitations 5.2. The variables 5.3. ANOVA 5.3.1. Effects of Age 5.3.2. Effects of Gender 5.3.3. Effects of Education Level 5.4. Model 5.4.1. Person-Organizational Fit and Ethical Leadership 5.4.2. Person-Organizational Fit and Ethical Environment 5.4.3. Person-Organizational Fit and Political Skills 5.4.4. Person-Organizational Fit and Human Resources 5.4.5. Person-Organizational Fit and Ethical Behaviour 5.4.6. Ethical Environment and Trust in Employees 5.4.7. Ethical Environment and Voice 6. Conclusions and Recommendations References Appendix 4 5 6 7 8 8 8 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 17 17 18 18 20 21 24 25 3 Organizational Behavior – Consultancy Report Group 18 Executive Summary The aim of this consultancy report is to provide advice and recommendations to the companies involved in this sector (banking) in order to improve their performances, based...
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...Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND THE RESEARCH DESIGN Rationale Fact or fiction? A job interview will tell you much more about a person than any other psychological tests. The interview process will offer an accurate report of the actual behaviors of the person at work, the genuine skills that the person possesses, the productivity of the person and that the happy and affable responses of a prospective employee during the interview suggest that the person is most likely to like his/her job. If you think that the aforementioned statements are nothing more than a common sense, then you must know that common sense is not always reasonable. As a matter of fact, those abovementioned statements are untrue. In most cases, psychometricians who interpret psychological tests and conduct preliminary interviews have confirmed that interviews alone are not particularly good selection tool to distinguish the productivity, skills, behavior and the motivation of the employee. Using interviews alone does not give sufficient information for effective selection decision making, particularly in areas that are not amenable to training, such as cognitive ability and attitude ( Webster, 2010). Psychological assessments are used in succession planning, employee screening, pre-employment decisions, and employee counseling situations. From a purely financial view, if psychological testing can prevent you from making one bad hire, it probably saves you tens of thousands of dollars. From an organizational...
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...Reporting in the Banking Sector of Greece An analysis of specific characteristics of CSR Reporting Author Papakostopoulos, Georgios Supervisors Jonnergård, Karin Loft, Anne 2014-10-20 1 2 Abstract Title The evolution of CSR Reporting in the Banking Sector of Greece An analysis of specific characteristics of CSR Reporting. Seminar Date 2014-06-02 Course BUSN69, Degree Project – Accounting and Auditing Author Georgios Papakostopoulos Supervisors Karin Jonnergård and Anne Loft Keywords Banks, CSR, Development, Reporting, Standardisation Purpose This thesis aims to examine the development of CSR reporting in the banking sector. The emphasis is set on a number of characteristics. Trends for standardization will be also examined Methodology The methodology undertaken is generally based on a qualitative research approach through a combination of content analysis with interviews. The research has a partly longitudinal, inductive and comparative character. Theoretical Perspectives The theoretical aspects that were used in the analysis were a combination of the theoretical framework of the Legitimacy, Stakeholder and Institutional theory with the reporting requirements from a number of standards, guidelines, initiatives and indices. Empirical Foundation The empirical material consists from Corporate Social Responsibilities reports that were available through banks websites. The sample...
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...Survey of the European Management Consultancy 2011/2012 December 2012 This report was prepared for FEACO by: Dr. József Poór Ágnes Milovecz Ágnes Király © Research Center on Management and Human Resource Management, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary Table of Contents Introduction by the FEACO CHAIRMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Key Figures, 2009–2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1 Scope of the Market and Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 Europe – Market Size, Forecast & Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 .1 History and Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...TM Beyond branches Innovations in emerging-market banking A report from the Economist Intelligence Unit www.eiu.com Beyond branches Innovations in emerging-market banking Contents Introduction Innovative financiers A successful formula in Peru Going mobile in India The allure of transfers Profits among the poor Banks extending their reach Riverboat lenders in Brazil Small loans prove profitable in Indonesia Attijariwafa looks south in Africa Betting on savings in Colombia Partnerships with retailers A shopping trip to the branch in Latin America Retail channels in Mexico Policy initiatives Take it from their salaries in Brazil Push for Islamic finance in Malaysia 2 5 6 9 12 15 18 19 21 23 25 28 29 31 33 34 37 1 © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2012 Beyond branches Innovations in emerging-market banking Introduction B anks in emerging markets are increasingly weighty in global finance and still enjoy plenty of room to grow in their home markets. But they will do so in innovative ways that set them apart from the lenders of the developed world. The continuing rise of emerging markets will boost the importance of banks in developing countries in the coming decades. These financial firms will not follow the same business models as their developed-country counterparts, however. Instead, they will rely much less on the branded branch, the traditional outlet for banking services. New technologies, innovative low-cost business models and supportive...
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...NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES BANK SUPERVISION AND CORPORATE FINANCE Thorsten Beck Asli Demirgüç-Kunt Ross Levine Working Paper 9620 http://www.nber.org/papers/w9620 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 April 2003 This paper’s findings, interpretations, and conclusions are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. We thank J. Boyd, G. Caprio, C. Schenone, seminar participants at the University of Minnesota and the Banco Central de Chile for helpful suggestions. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. ©2003 by Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, and Ross Levine. All rights reserved. Short sections of text not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit including ©notice, is given to the source. Bank Supervision and Corporate Finance Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, and Ross Levine NBER Working Paper No. 9620 April 2003 JEL No. G3, L51, O16, G21 ABSTRACT We examine the impact of bank supervision on the financing obstacles faced by almost 5,000 corporations across 49 countries. We find that firms in countries with strong official supervisory agencies that directly monitor banks tend to face greater financing obstacles. Moreover, powerful official supervision tends to...
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