...The Baroque (US /bəˈroʊk/ or UK /bəˈrɒk/) is often thought of as a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, dance, and music. The style began around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe.[1] The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.[2] The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumph, power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence. However, "baroque" has resonance and application that extend beyond a simple reduction to either style or period.[3] The word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word "barroco", Spanish "barroco", or French "baroque", all of which refer to a "rough or imperfect pearl", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain.[4] The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition thought the term was derived from the Spanish barrueco, a large, irregularly-shaped pearl, and that it had for a time been confined to the craft of the jeweller.[5]...
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...Style of Baroque Art In painting: * Peter Paul Rubens of Flanders was one of the great masters of the Baroque style. He used colors to paint highly emotional religious scenes. * Most brilliant of the dutch realists was Rembrandt van Rijn. Though he followed no particular faith, he was interested in particular values and often chose religious subject matters. Renaissance artists found ways to give a natural appearance to their subjects. Artists of the 1600s were often influenced by the rapid change in religion, politics, and trade. Their art reflected the dynamic confusion, unrest, and energy of their times. In this period, works of art became larger and technically complicated. Perspective was distorted. Artists showed extremes of movement, excitement, light, and shadow. The cool restraint of the renaissance changed into dynamic activity of the baroque. New style of operas and symphonies were composed in Italy. The Baroque style of Architecture prevailed in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries were characterized by elaborate and grotesque forms an ornamentations. In painting, this is characterized by movement, energy, and restlessness. The Baroque style in Architecture is marked by heavy sculptural, extravagantly ornamented facade. The giant twisted columns, broken sediments, and the variety of motifs such as scrolls, scallops, trellies, urns, and angels. Neoclassic started in 1764 in Europe, England, and America. Classicism was popular through the French...
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...The Renaissance & Baroque Arts The Renaissance, also known as the period of “rebirth”, directly followed the Middle Ages. Some considered the Renaissance period as a bridge from the “Dark Ages” to the modern era or the “light”. This period in history lasted about four centuries—late 13th century to the early 17th century— featuring “a revival of classical art, literature, philosophy, architecture, and learning” and introduced some of “the finest artists and intellectual achievements in the history of the Western humanities” such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo Buonarroti (MindEdge, 2013). Renaissance art is traced back to Italy where artists and scholars looked to the ancient Greco-Roman culture for inspiration by reviving the language, values, and traditions that were lost after “the fall of the Roman Empire in the sixth century” (A&E Television Networks, LLC, 2013). Furthermore, Renaissance artists added individuality to their works through portraying “beauty and mystery of the natural world” (A&E Television Networks, LLC, 2013). Most of the art produced during this time showcased religious imagery, completed mostly as Catholic Mass altarpieces. Artists around these times were sponsored by patrons of the arts such as The Catholic Church and affluent families such as the Medici family in Florence. Political permanence, growing wealth, and technological advancements are some of the social conditions that may have contributed to the arts of the Renaissance...
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...Pondering the Art of the Baroque and Renaissance Period The Baroque and Renaissance periods. Two periods of time that stand out in history. Almost 500 years ago, these eras, of which legends of the arts arose, still captivate the specters of today. Renaissance Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo Davinci are all familiar names cemented in history as some of the greatest artists and inventors of all time..., but what do they have in common? They were all artists in the Renaissance period. Renaissance art is painting, sculpture and decorative arts developed in the period following medieval times, around 1400. While art was beginning to change in the renaissance period, philosophy, literature, music and science were also facing reform....
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...The idea of art has been guided by human psychological necessities and an understanding of life been escorted by religious beliefs. Throughout human history, it is easily visible the effect that human desire to define their existence have had in the development of art, social hierarchies and moral principles. High Renaissance (1490 - 1527) and Italian Baroque (late 16th century - early 18th century) are period styles greatly influence by occurrences at the time. Michelangelo’s Moses is an immense representative of the High Renaissance styles, as well as, Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s Apollo and Daphne for The Italian Baroque Style. We are going to explore both artworks, comparing and contrasting the meaning behind their existence, their respective cultural and historical events as an influence on their individual time period. Initially, in 1505 Pope Julius II commissioned Michelangelo Buonarroti to build his tomb. Michelangelo consenting, dedicated 6 months choosing marble at Carrara, for his initial massive design which in theory was to have 40 statues. The project was postponed due to a lack of funds, and a new commission by the Pope, rumored to be the...
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...From 1500-1800, arts and science were extremely influential in society. Numerous amounts of movements based around the innovations of arts and sciences occurred during that time period. Eventually, arts and sciences had become so important in the lives of Europeans during that time that monarchs began using them to enhance the power of states. Monarchs began to use the arts and science as a way to challenge the power and the authority of the Church to enhance the power of their states. Up until the 16th century, there was a lot of gothic art that focused on God and the Bible. By the late 16th century, baroque art emerged. Baroque art tended to focus on the power that monarchs maintained. With art no longer typically focusing on God,...
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...European countryside was broken up into large estates owned by the wealthy nobles. Most people were peasants, who worked the land for the noble owners. All parts of life centered around religion mainly the Catholic Church which was very powerful. Throughout the Renaissance, the large estates were taken over by royalties like kings and princes and built strong kingdoms and national governments. The people began to move from the farm to the cities. The Protestant reformation weakened the Catholic Church and divided Christians into many different groups. (Renaissance Art. 2013). I believe the greatest milestones that came out of the Renaissance are was that of Art and Education. This was a period of rebirth of the classic ideas of ancient Greece and Rome, and at this time, there was a great deal of energy placed on man rather than God. Art of this time used new forms and techniques to show the ideas of this new age. The Art was focused on glorifying man. Renaissance artist were sought-after and gained fame during this period. Unlike the unknown artists of the Middle Ages, Renaissance artists were admired by emperors and popes. Painting was more realistic and favored portraits, landscapes and everyday scenes. In religious paintings of this time, the artists made the holy beings look like real people. Sculpting showed a new knowledge of the human body and its anatomy. Statues of this period were focal...
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...The two art periods that I chose are Baroque and Impressionism. Baroque art refers to the style that would be found in Europe and North and South America during the 17th and 18th century. The Catholic Church heavily influenced their art, as well as the Protestant rising up during this time. There was an emphasis on unity and harmony in all of the visual arts that often had themes from the Bible or stories. There was realism and more attention was paid to physical details in portrait paintings, there was more light contrast, landscapes were more expansive and there was use of more deep, rich colors. In architecture there were structures that expressed humans longing for spirituality and there was extreme presentation and in the grand scale it was reflected theatrically (Mindedge, 2013). In the Baroque period the art would depict a play, that it was not just a picture but every figure would have meaning, the art was meant to be read just not looked at as decoration. Figures would be drawn with realism, they have depth in the art, and they are almost falling off the page. They used dark shades and lights to show realism in their paintings. This was brought on with the further discovery of how our universe was formed, how we are not the center of the universe and also with that discovery, we discovered that Europe is not the middle of the Earth as well. Each painting had a story, told about us, about real people and there was more realism than before. Sculptures were made to...
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...Artists and Artworks from the Baroque Period Nathan Hale American Intercontinental University Abstract The author of this paper examines three works of art from three different artists from the Baroque Period. He compares the different works of art and discusses similarities, differences, and the techniques that were used. The Baroque period ran from 1600 to 1770, Artist of that time used different techniques that were used during the renaissance period to bring drama to art. An immense amount of art in that period shows fantastic energy and emotion. These pieces of art that were designed and created during the Baroque period brought out emotion in the onlookers of the paintings and sculptures. Some of the ways the artist conveyed emotions in their pieces or works is they used dramatic use of light, scale and composition and the curves and the counter curves. The pieces usually hit the onlooker first, by the emotions that were portrayed by the way the artist conveyed his image in his pieces. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggios is said to have lived the most dangerous and darkest life of most painters, it is said that he lived his life without any restraints. He painted ordinary people as models and painted them with unforgiving realism. His feeling against tradition gave new meaning to traditional themes in religious painting. In his early painting you can see his full revolt against both mannerism and classicism...
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...Mannerism and Baroque Western Governors University Literature, Arts and the Humanities: Analysis and Interpretation IWT1 May 8, 2013 Mannerism and Baroque If you study art history at any length, you will become aware of the many different periods and their individual characteristics. There are prime times throughout art history that the general populations can easily identify such as Renaissance or Impressionism. They might even be able to name a few of the artists or their artwork. As you delve further into the rich history of art, you start to notice many deviations in the style of artists who are transitioning into a new artistic period. At first look, you might not see the subtle difference in the art from the norm from that period. An overlooked period in art history is the period between the Renaissance and the Baroque periods, the Mannerism period. This period was actually a rejection of the High Renaissance era. Mannerism is the artistic period from 1520- 1600. The word mannerism is derived from the Italian word maneria, which means style or stylishness. “Art began to lose its momentum at the end of the High Renaissance, beginning of the Mannerism period because it coincided with a period of upheaval that was torn by the Reformation, plague, and the devastating Sack of Rome.” ("The National Gallery of Art," 2013, para. 2). One of the greatest reasons for the shift in artistic style is that the Catholic Church was in chaos. The Catholic Church...
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...Fundamental Concepts, Methods and Modes In the Humanities Imagination, Values, and Emotions Renaissance versus Baroque February 2014 The Renaissance era has been considered a time of move into the modern day. The term Renaissance means rebirth, and came from the French. The Renaissance started in Italy and extended throughout Europe between the fourteenth and seventeenth century. It was throughout the Renaissance that Europe saw many large social, scholarly and economic changes. Old-fashioned values of the Church were lost which in turn permitted artists the freedom and liberty to discover the human mind and body. The Renaissance era allowed art to progress far past conventional and traditional religious focus to imitate human feeling and realism in art. Although faith continued to be the core guidance during the Renaissance, the beginning and acknowledgment of human form, expression and scientific study became very lively inspirations within the arts. Renaissance art saw the rebirth of nature and the human figure. Sculpting and painting practices advanced greatly throughout the Renaissance. Artists started using different methods like laws of portion, physical appearance, the linear perspective, balance, and physical appearance. Main characteristics of Renaissance art included admiration and tribute to the human body and nature, realistic linear perspective and importance on the association of light and shadow. Some of the world’s...
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...The Dutch Baroque period roughly spanned from 1610 to the 1700 hundreds, one factor that made this era stand out is its new use of lighting. Out of all the Dutch Baroque painters, the two that are most revered are Vermeer and Rembrandt. However, these two artisans paint in exceedingly different styles. For two reasons, both artists used different techniques to express emotion, in their subjects; as well as; their approach to their shading and attention to details. In the Dutch Baroque period shadows were used to express the tone of the painting. In Rembrandt’s “The Night Watch” the setting takes place during daylight, however because of its dark background and use of shadows, it appears to be nighttime. The tone of this painting is very dramatic in emotion and reinforced by the overall darkness. Where as Vermeer’s paintings display a lighter canvas, Vermeer used a new revolutionary technique called Camera Obscura, a dark box with only one hole to allow light to shine through. As evident in “the Kitchen Maid,” the light in the portrait does not come from the open window, but instead appears to be shining through a circular hole. Even though a majority of the painting is dark, it does not portray a grave tone much like “The Night Watch.”...
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...Defining the Humanities Michael Hunt HUM/100 July 27, 2015 Frank Varisco Defining Humanities To numerous individuals, characterizing the word humankind is distinctive Humanities that are places or regions, individuals, times in a man's past, that helps that individual distinguish and make subsequent to of the world. The purpose of composing this paper is to depict humanities and give edification on how humanities contrast from different types of human expression, and in addition portraying a social occasion that was experienced or encountered, and how that social occasion indicated pertinence to humanities, style, craftsmanship, virtuoso, and society of the time period that it speaks to. Characterizing Humanities Humanities covers expansive period that gives samples on how the world, over the course history decided to express, comprehend, and adjusted to central focuses encompassing human life. Humanities likewise enters in on various commitments that people provided for society in the improvement of the numerous types of workmanship. Controls of the humanities, for example, reasoning, history, and abstract studies offer models and routines for tending to situations and recognizing vagueness. They can help us confront the strain between the concerns of people and those of gatherings and advance common and educated exchange of contentions, while exerting current issues in authentic point of view. They likewise offer voice to feeling and creative shape to experience...
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...Written Assignment Unit 4 University of the People Introduction Beginning of 15th century to the end of 18th century major improvement had been observed in world art history. This period is categorized in major 3 categories: renaissance period (1400 to 1600 AD), the baroque (1600 to 1700 AD), rococo (starting from 18th century to the end of 18th century). Advancement in science and technology was a great achievement during this period. This also influenced arts and architecture. New innovation changed art styles including art materials, form, shape and composition. This allowed eliminating of conventional method and context. At the same time new area and objects were discovered and incorporated. Scientific Knowledge and Renaissance Period. Renaissance started at the beginning of 15th century. Instead of old classical style, renaissance introduced realism. Old pagan style arts were dismissed and new styles were developed based upon popularity and quality. Artists applied their scientific knowledge and experience in their artworks. Many artists had multiple skills. For example, Leonardo Da Vinci was a painter, scientist, architect, sculptor and military engineer. In addition, Leonardo Da Vinci was identified as a “Renaissance Man “who played major role behind renaissance. Leonardo designed tank, parachutes, flying machine which were retrieved from his notebook, obviously outcome of his military knowledge. Similarly, Filippo Brunelleschi who was an architect...
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...Clothing Evolution / Lecture 7 BAROQUE AND ROCOCO COSTUMES (1600 to 1700 A.D.) During the 17th century, when Europe was in a series of social and political upheavals, a new art style developed and flourished. Baroque style: 1. 2. 3. During the 18th century, when Louis XIV was too young to reign over France, the nation entered the Regency period and a new art style supplanted the baroque style. Rococo style: 1. 2. The ___________________________ was considered as the symbol of the glory and the majesty of King Louis XIV’s reign and served to display fashionable clothing during the period. Sources of costume information: Artworks Fashion plates with written descriptions Literature Surviving costumes Fabrics: Finely woven linen and wool Satin, brocade and damask Lace Cotton ! 1 Clothing Evolution / Lecture 7 Baroque (17th Century) Costume components for men Major elements of costume: shirt, doublet, jacket, trunk hose or knee-length breeches Shirt – cut very full, made of white linen and had a flat collar (called a falling band) Doublet – worn over the shirt and laced to the breeches, usually with a skirt-like extension reaching to the hip Breeches – cut full throughout or cut more closely and tapering gradually to the knee; lower edges may be decorated with ribbons and lace Capes and cloaks – often had wide collars Balagny – circular capes, hung over one shoulder, secured with a cord that passed through the wide collar Cassocks or Casaques – coats with...
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