...Zhiwei Duan ChampSport Report ChampSport is a company which focus on the sporting goods, particularly in the various racket sport arenas. A new idea of replacing metal baseball bats by the use of the alloy was under considering. After I calculated the beta, NPV, and NPV sensitive analysis, I high recommend that we should accept this project. For the Beta calculation, I collect the industry data and average them to get the average asset data, which I think is more reasonable to explain the level of the risk for the ChampSport INC. Then I conduct the equity beta for ChampSport is 1.01. Finally, I got the 7.43% as the result of the WACC. (See Comparable Firm sheet) After that, I do the NPV analysis. When calculating the Operating Cash Flow, I decide to omit the expense of the research and development cost since it is the sunk cost and will not affect the future project and profit. I also assume that the annual increase rate for price of the product is 2% and annual growth rate of sales is 10%. By doing that, I generate the operating cash flow and finally get the NPV $11,227,508 and IRR 18.54%. Based on our assumption, the NPV shows that really bright future and profit ability for this project. Finally, I also did the NPV sensitive analysis to see how much the effect of WACC, annual growth rate of price and sales to the NPV. We can see that with the growth of the WACC to 12%, the NPV decreases to $5,355,268 and still keeps high positive. For the table of the NPV sensitive...
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...Re: Baseball Bat purchase by Plaintiff Summary of Facts Plaintiff purchased a baseball bat from Defendant. After purchasing the bat, the plaintiff used the bat to play baseball and the bat broke. Plaintiff wants his money back for the defective bat. Issue Presented The issue is whether the implied warranty of merchantability was violated and plaintiff is entitled to a refund. Applicable Law Under the Uniform Commercial Code §2-314 Implied Warranty, Merchantability, Usage of Trade, products sold must meet standards to satisfy the intended purpose for that product. If in fact the product does not meet those purposes, then it is deemed to be defective and in violation of the warranty of merchantability. U.C.C. § 2-314. Industria De Calcados Martini Ltda. v. Maxwell Shoe Co., 36 Mass. App. Ct. 268 (Mass. App. Ct. 1994). In this case the court found “that Martini was liable for breach of the implied warranty of merchantability, because the shoes received by Maxwell were defective and could not be sold by Maxwell in that condition.” The court affirmed that goods must be fit for the ordinary purpose for which such goods are intended. Dudzik v. Klein's All Sports, 158 Misc. 2d 72 (N.Y. J. Ct. 1993). In this case the court found “plaintiff is entitled to a complete cash refund for a defective specialized unbreakable baseball bat purchased from defendant that twice developed internal cracks rendering it useless for the purpose of hitting baseballs.” The...
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...inherent in the facts of the case make for a great story. The court wants the facts of the case not a “Great Story. Choice of wording makes it a difficult read. The baseball bat was broken from the outset when it was bought by the plaintiff. Statement is not clear. Did the plaintiff know the bat was broke when they bought it? Did the plaintiff inspect the bat for damage or how much the cut of the wood strayed from the grain? Without that information I would omit that sentence. Therefore, the defendant should have to return the baseball bat and pay the money back to the plaintiff that plaintiff paid for said bat .Defendant would not be the one returning the bat. The plaintiff bought a baseball bat from the defendant and the baseball bat turned out to be broken since as soon as the defendant used the bat to play baseball, the bat shattered into a million pieces. The statement used the bat to play baseball” could leave room to believe the plaintiff used the bat for other purposes. Shattering into a million pieces certainly violates the implied warranty of merchantability under the Uniform Commercial Code (“U.C.C.”). INDUSTRIA DE CALCADOS MARTINI LTDA. v. MAXWELL SHOE CO., INC. No. 92-P-1322 APPEALS COURT OF MASSACHUSETTS 36 Mass. App. Ct. 268; 630 N.E.2d 299; 1994 Mass. App. LEXIS 274; 23 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (Callaghan) 89 December 20, 1993, Argued March 21, 1994, Decided. Also, there’s a case that expounded upon this issue and told us that a baseball bat can’t crack when it’s used...
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...nor are they used in an appropriate fashion. They were neither explained nor applied in depth to the case at hand. The citations were also not analyzed nor were the judgments discussed. Essay The plaintiff purchased a baseball bat from the defendant. A baseball bat is designed to hit baseballs at excessive speeds, so an implied warranty would be included in the purchase. However, the baseball bat itself was faulty in it's design and shattered as soon as the plaintiff attempted to use it. Its inherent defect violates the implied warranty of merchantability under the Universal Commercial Code (U.C.C.). We turn to Dudzik v. Klein's All Sports, 158 Misc. 2d 72 (1993) in this case for reference. In Dudzik, the plaintiffs purchased a bat manufactured with a specialized graphite carbon. This bat was being marketed as being an unbreakable bat that could hit the ball farther than a normal bat. The longer distance was not disputed in this case. The first bat bought from the defendant developed internal cracks due to a manufacturer defect. This bat was returned in exchange for another bat of the same make and model in accordance to the return policy posted at the store. The second bat also developed internal cracks and was rendered useless for its' intent and was again brought back to the store. This time, the plaintiff requested a refund for the total of $170.00 plus sales tax as both bats had been defective. The defendant, however, had a conspicuously posted refund policy which indicated...
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...[pic] Anticipatory Breach |Terms: | |Repudiation of a Contract: | |A party to a contract’s words or actions that indicate unequivocally that he will not perform on the contract. | |Anticipatory Breach of Contract: | |A breach of contract caused by a party’s unequivocally repudiating the contract, i.e. indicating that he will not perform when performance is | |due. | |Prospective Inability to Perform on a Contract: | |Where one party expresses doubt as to whether he will perform on a contract. | |The repudiation of a contract is where one party to a contract informs the other party that he will not perform his duties under the contract.| | ...
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...Preserving Players or Pleasing Fans College baseball has had a unique past due to its controversial use of metal bats. While these bats allow players to hit the ball harder and farther than a typical wood bat could, they also cause injuries to players and, occasionally, spectators. The technology of baseball bats has greatly evolved over the years, allowing players to hit baseballs further, harder, and easier than ever before. During the 2011 college baseball season, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) put a rule into effect that requires college baseball teams to use a new type of metal bat that has affects similar to those of wood bats. Between faster developing technology and players using old metal bats, which gave a trampoline type effect when a ball hit them, the game of baseball was looking dangerous. The NCAA was forced to change their rules regarding bats used during the game. The new rule that requires teams to use the new bats, which act more as a wood bat, has a positive effect on the game. NCAA baseball has become one of college’s top sports. Fans from across the country travel to Omaha, Nebraska every summer to attend the College World Series in hope that their team may win a national title. This year, college baseball has put a rule in effect that may change the game forever. The Collegiate Baseball Newspaper states that this rule requires all bats used by NCAA baseball teams to be under a certain bat-ball coefficient of restitution, also known...
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...Baseball has and always will be a part of my life. I have grown up playing the sport since I was a small child. As of late i have had the opportunity to discuss physics and get a better understanding of the forces involved in everyday life. Each and every day physics of all types are continuously happening around us all. We may not notice it, but that's because its all just normal for us now. From driving a car down Pacific Coastal Highway to looking West as we watch giant waves crash in to the coast. I'm taking this opportunity to show my understanding of physical science by explaining how and which forces are present in the sport of baseball. From throwing a ball, the build up of a swing all the way through the contact of the ball and the path of which the ball takes will be examined and explained throughout the course of this paper. One of the first quotes I came across after I decided to choose this topic was “ The physics of baseball is not rocket science. Its much harder” (Adair, R. (n.d.). Physics of baseball) One thing people want to know is how does a ball react to the impact of a baseball bat. To touch base on this subject I want to go through what type of energy is used. A ball is thrown and takes on a role of kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is anything with matter moving or in motion. As the ball speeds through the air and the bat and ball make contact there is a split second where that kinetic energy turns into potential energy. Potential energy is the stored energy...
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...DeVry University College of Liberal Arts & Sciences Pomona, California Baseball Broken Down into Numbers Baseball Numbers 1 Did you know that baseball was being played before the American Civil War? Baseball is one of America’s greatest pastimes. This sport is highly valued because unlike other sports it doesn’t require a specific height or weight. This is very rare to find in a sport because weight and height affect the whole game in other sports. Baseball has many great statistical aspects. One of these great statistical aspects is batting average. A player can have the worst batting average and still be considered a legend. For example, a player can hit with a .220 batting average, but still be considered an excellent ball player due to their playmaking defensively. Although batting is important being a well-rounded player is a concept that is valued higher. Can you believe that a batter can strike out at the plate multiple times and still be considered to be a great player? Pitching is a big part of baseball. Pitching is an aspect of baseball that determines if a team wins or loses. It is very difficult challenging to pitch and hit pitches. Throwing pitches is challenging due to the amount of skill needed to pitch. A pitcher will need to be able to throw a variety of pitches ranging from fastballs to change-ups. Hitting them is, in my...
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...Abstract As you read, you will learn about the wonderful game of baseball and a different outlook on the sport. It is a popular sport in America. The rest of the world looks to America as a guiding force. They view America as the baseball empire of the world. Major league baseball is the envy of the world. Baseball has very broad cultural, social, and geographic impacts that go deeper than we think. We will briefly examine the diverse and changing social, economic, and political meanings of this activity in different countries. Baseball has failed in the promotion in many European and African societies and we will discuss why. Baseball is an international sport that brings great experiences and great memories that last a lifetime. It can be very important in the bond of family. The swing, techniques, bat and balls are important and we will learn why it’s important to have proper training. Also you will read about players that have tarnished the sport and players that have changed baseball forever. Mainly this is a view of the importance of the sport worldwide and how it has changed the world through the guidance of American baseballs influence on the rest of the world. Sport of Baseball Internationally this game is viewed as a very powerful game. Baseball is the same in many ways all over the world. Every player is aiming to knock the ball out of the park or just feel lucky to get on base. Although the game has changed, the history of the...
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...This first contest ended with a score of 41-40. Other Names for Softball. 1) Indoor Baseball 2) Kitten Baseball 3) Diamond Ball 4) Mush Ball 5) Pumpkin Ball The name softball was given in 1926. Similarities Between Softball & Baseball. The Game. A baseball/softball game is played by two teams who alternate between offense and defense. There are nine players on each side. The goal is to score more runs than the opponent, which is achieved by one circuit of four bases that are placed on the diamond. The Equipment. The defense wears baseball/softball gloves, a leather contraption that fits on the hand, to catch the ball. The offense uses a bat, which is made of wood in the professional ranks, and likely made of aluminum or a metal composite at amateur levels. Almost all softball bats are aluminum or metal. The Feild. The part of the field closest to the bases is called the infield, and the grassy farther reaches is called the outfield. Defence: The Positions. There's a pitcher in the middle of the mound who initiates the action by throwing the ball toward home plate. The catcher catches the ball if it's not hit. The infielders are the first baseman, second baseman, shortstop (between second and third base) and the third baseman. There are three outfielders: The left fielder, center fielder and right fielder. The Game. There are nine innings in professional baseball games (sometimes fewer in lower levels),...
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...Major League Baseball Advanced Media’s announced a new play-tracking system, a marriage between radar and camera technology that promises to measure every movement that takes place on a baseball field. The as-yet-unnamed system, which was announced by MLBAM CEO Bob Bowman and CTO Joe Inzerillo at Sloan Conference earlier this year, will be functioning at three ballparks—Miller Park, Target Field, and Citi Field—for the full 2014 season, with the rest theoretically rolling out by Opening Day 2015. At the 2014 SABR Analytics Conference, Sportvision, the company behind FIELDf/x, showed off a system tentatively dubbed BIOf/x which isn’t intended to track everything that takes place on the field but focuses specifically on the pitcher’s delivery and the batter’s swing (though it might eventually expand to include other players). BIOf/x captures the position of the bat or selected body parts at a moment in time: for pitchers, the location of the plant foot, shoulder at release, elbow at release, and hand at release, and for batters, the hands at the point of contact (or the point at which the bat and ball are on the same plane, in the case of a swing-and-miss), the tip of the bat at point of contact (or the point at which the bat and ball are on the same plane, in the case of a swing-and-miss), and the location of the back and front foot. The future of prediction and prevention of injuries For all the progress made by science and mathematics in countless areas of baseball, the prediction...
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...What is Baseball Rampage? Baseball Rampage is a one stop shop for everything related to baseball. Baseball enthusiasts can visit the website of this premier online retailer of baseball equipment to see their complete lineup of gear such as baseball bats, baseball gloves, batting gloves, baseball helmets, clothing, shoes, protective equipment, pitching machines, umpire’s gear, and more. The store stocks over 10,000 products from a full line of popular brands namely Easton, Wilson, Louisville Slugger, Mizuno, Rawlings, Under Armor, and many more. Most of the bats sold by Baseball Rampage are covered by the manufacturer’s warranty and in addition also carry a 30-day guarantee offered by the store. How to use a Baseball Rampage coupon? You will...
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...the ‘gun abuse’ problem, why doesn’t the government impose stricter consequences for people who still choose to commit acts of violence involving firearms? That way it would only affect the criminals, and the law-abiding citizens could continue to live in freedom. In an article titled “Gun Control: Does it Really Matter?”, Will Fawcett states, “There is no logical reason to believe that making it more difficult or impossible to own or poses guns, would deter individuals who already are taking part in illegal behavior.” While the problem rests in the hands of the user, not the gun, violence and abuse can be related to any form of weapon. People often use baseball bats and golf clubs to commit acts of violence. An article from pentagraph.com gives an example of this scenario. Two adolescents were arrested for using a baseball bat and a golf club in attempt to kill each other over a heated argument in a...
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...Oregon v. Alvarez A139512 Facts: Maximilliano Alvarez is the Defendant in this case and Eric Johansen argued the versus the State of Oregon. The defendant appealed from conviction that was a gang-related assault. The defendant hit and beat a 16 year old with a metal baseball bat, and also his friend used a metal rod. The jury gave him guilty verdicts on two counts of first degree assault, and 3 counts of unlawful use of a weapon. The defendant pointed out an error on the first degree assault stating that the state did not prove that his assault caused the victim “serious physical injury” the defendant did not think that his actions did not cause damage to a point where the victim was at risk of dying. The court didn’t show evidence that when Mr. Alvarez hit the victim with the metal baseball bat that his hits created a “substantial risk of death”. Questions presented: 1. Was the beating that Mr. Alvarez gave to the victim enough to cause a substantial risk of death? 2. Should the defendant be able to get rid of the first degree assault to a lowered charge because the prosecutor didn’t show how his actions made the risk of death? 3. What is enough to cause “serious physical injury?” Answers/holding: We conclude, the court decided that because a blow to the victims head hard enough to make a “ding” sound, to have a wound where it exposed the skull, to have to need four stables and, cause the victim to be unconscious it still was a substantial risk of death. Also the...
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...RESEARCH PAPER Can Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED) actually be positive and beneficial for Major League Baseball? “As the likes of Barry Bonds, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa, Roger Clemens and Alex Rodriguez saw their usage exposed, the sport fought back with tougher drug testing and after the 2005 season produced a program punitive enough to minimize the game's doping culture.” (Braun's test result gives MLB major jolt; With MVP under cloud, steroid era is revisited Bob Nightengale, USA TODAY), "Probably the biggest sentence to which he was subjected is the impact on whether he'll be a lock for the Hall of Fame and the stigma that is now attached to his name and his records."(Barry Bonds is sentenced in enduring BALCO saga; No end in sight to BALCO's reach by: Jorge L. Ortiz, USA TODAY). Quotes like these could have been seen all over newspapers and magazines all throughout the past decade. Yes, these athletes did use Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED), but a debate has raged on about just how right are we to scrutinize them for those actions and just how inappropriate their actions were? With baseball professionals on both sides arguing how much of an impact they really had on the game. More so, I'd like to ask the question of whether what they had done was actually in a way good for baseball, and whether Performance Enhancing Drugs should even be banned from baseball? Which, I believe they shouldn’t be for numerous reasons. In order to understand just how “not as out of...
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