...UNIVERSITY Daniel Schuster IBSN-Nr.: 37B danielo.schuster@gmail.com June 10, 2013 Cross Culture Management Batak People International Business Studies Network Faculty of Economics - Udayana University, Denpasar. Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Prehistory ................................................................................................................................... 1 Culture and Religion ................................................................................................................... 2 Language ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Ritual cannibalism....................................................................................................................... 4 References .................................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction The Batak are indigenous inhabitants of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The Batak people is composed of several tribes, whose origin is in Samosir, an island in Lake Toba is located. According to legend, all Batak gods descended from a hero named Si Raja Batak, who was born on a sacred mountain near the Lake Toba. In reality, they probably came in several batches immigration...
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...The Batak and the Chokwe Cultures Student’s Name University Affiliation The Batak and the Chokwe Cultures The Batak are among the nearly seventy indigenous peoples in the Philippines. Their location is the northeastern part of the Palawan, a fairly large island of the archipelago southwest. Their name “Batak” is derived from a Cuyunon word which means “The mountain people”. This is because their traditional habitat was around the mountains. There are only approximately 500 Batak remnants. The anthropologists consider the Batak to have a close relationship with another Negrito tribe, the Ayta. They appear to be small, dark skinned and have short “kinky” or curly hair. Sometimes, the Batak go for hunting trips in the forest, a practice that has, according to them, spiritual and economic value. Their system of belief is animism, a belief that no separation exists between the physical and spiritual world, spirits/souls exist in human and in various animals, mountains, plants or other elements of natural environment. Some spirits, known as “panyeon”, are collectively suspicious of human beings but tolerate them under the conditions that the people don’t waste or abuse the resources in the forests. Other spirits, known as “Diwata”, are collectively benevolent. All the spirits are capricious. Batak make offerings regularly to these spirits, while Shamans are taken through spiritual possession to enable them to communicate with these spirits and bring healing to the sick. The Chokwe...
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...Pangkat etniko sa LuzonAetaMatatagpuan ang pangkat ng mga aeta sa halos lahat ng dako ng kapuluan. May iba't iba silang pangalansa iba't ibang lugar. Higit silang marami sa Luzon. Aeta o Ayta ang tawag sa kanila sa hilagang Luzon.Ibuked naman ang tawag sa mga aetang nakatira nang malayo sa mga kapatagan. Sa Kofun, Diango,Paranan at Assao sa Cagayan, Ugsig at Aita ang tawag sa kanila. Sa Palawan, Batak ang tawag sa kanila.Sa Silangang Quezon, Rizal at Bulacan, Dumagat ang tawag sa mga Aeta.Nawala na ang orihinal na wika ng mga Aeta dahil inangkin na nila ang wika ng mga tagakapatagan nakanilang nakakasalamuha. Hindi pa rin naalis sa kanila ang kultura ng pangangaso at paghanap ng mgapagkain mula sa mga halaman sa kapaligiran. Bihasa rin ang mga babae at batang Aeta sa tradisyunal naparaan ng pangingisda gamit ang sima, bitag, lambat at sibat.Pulut-pukyutan ang espesyal na pagkain para sa mga Pinatubo Aeta at Ibuked Ayta. Kumakain din angmga Pinatubo Aeta ng umok o maliliit na pukyutan at ng latak na nakukuha sa bahay ng pukyutan.Pamilya ang pangunahing yunit ng lipunang Aeta.Gayunpaman, tinutulungan din ng pamilya angkapamilyang namatayan ng asawa. May pantay na karapatan ang kanilang mga anak at mahigpit angpagkakaugnay ng magulang at anak. Isa lamang ang asawa ng bawat Aeta. Bawal sa kanila ang pag-aasawa sa malapit na kamag-anak. Ngunit pinapayagan ang ilan na magpakasal sa pinsang buo mataposganapin ang ritwal na paghihiwalay ng dugo.Nakabatay sa paggalang sa matanda ang...
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...Wheatstone Bridge that can make my research skill sharpener. During my bachelor, for increasing my writing ability and upgrading my critical thinking, I actively participated in some student’s competitions such as “Lomba Karya Tulis Mahasiswa Nasional (National Student Writing Competition, Tanoto Research Award, MITI’s Rural Development Program, and Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (Student’s Creativity Program) in the field of scientific research, entrepreneurship, education, and scientific idea. Some of them successfully got an achievement as university’s delegate on Pekan Ilmiah Mahasiswa Nasional XXVI (The 26th National Student Scientific Week) by Directorate Higher of Education for entrepreneurship idea program by selling and making Batik Batak that my team and I have made and fully funded to actualize the idea. I also got a 4-year scholarship from Directorate Higher of Education that covered my tuition fees and living expenses. For gaining my leadership skill, I joined some student’s organization such as Pemerintahan Mahasiswa (Student Government), Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa (Student’s Activity Unit) Inkubator Sains, Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Islam (Islamic Student Activity) Al-Falak and Physics Student Organization in which I frequently played a role in giving policies and ideas for education, research and development programs. I also participated on national students organizational events such as The 3rd National Congress and National Meeting Working of Ikatan Lembaga Penelitian...
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...dan pilih atur, termasuk peminjaman kata-kata dan pengambilan amalan sosial dan kepercayaan dan juga penyesuaian pakaian dan makanan. Corak penghijrahan dan pengaliran kebudayaan di Asia Tenggara telah menjana perkembangan yang tersebut dan lain-lain pada masa dan di tempat yang berlainan. Di bawah keadaan yang tertentu, suatu kumpulan etnik yang baru atau yang dikesan sebagai yang berbeza daripada kumpulan etnik yang ada mungkin muncul. Kumpulan etnik yang dimaksudkan adalah Peranakan Baba Nyonya. Ia terjadi pada abad ke 15 ketika orang Cina tiba di Melaka dan berkahwin campur dengan wanita tempatan. Kebudayaan peranakan adalah gabungan unik antara kebudayaan Cina dan Melayu dengan campuran daripada penyintesisan unsur kebudayaan Java, Batak, Thai dan British, melambangkan faham pelbagai budaya dan pelakuran lama sebelum terciptanya istilah-istilah itu..Kini, dunia peranakan sudah menghilang. Kata kunci: Peranakan, Baba, Nyonya, kebangkitan semula, keunikan ABSTRACT Hybridity of cultures can take many forms and permutations, including the borrowing of words and the adoption of social practices and beliefs, and the adaptation of dress and food. Patterns of migration and cultural flows in Southeast Asia have generated at different times and places all the above configurations and more. Under certain circumstances, what may emerge is a whole new ethnic group or at the very least, a very recognizably different subgroup of an existing ethnic category. One such group is the peranakan...
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...Abstract Critical thinking skills is determined by many factors, especially the structure of one's thinking. The structure of thinking will be expressed through language, both verbal and written. Critical thinking also berambivalensi with the level of literacy a person either orally or in writing. Literacy ability is what will determine whether students are suceptive to the issues around them. Critical thinking skills are absolutely required by students and scholars, because at every opportunity they will decide the issues, both related to the field of scientific and social issues. According to Paul (2011), critical thinking comes from two Latin root word in the language of "kriticos" which means an intelligent assessment (discerning judgment) and "criterion" means a standard. Critical word is also marked by careful analysis to achieve an objective assessment of things. Thus, critical thinking means thinking to make judgments, opinions and objective evaluation using a standardized evaluation of the right to determine the good, the benefits and value of something (Emilia, 2007). Conception of critical thinking can be viewed from two ways, namely the general conception and conception of the specific subject. General conception viewed as a set of skills and dispositions that can be generalized and can be applied in various situations and conditions and various domains of knowledge. Meanwhile, the specific subject conceptions regard as a specific form of thinking in terms...
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...T.C. ORMAN VE SU İŞLERİ BAKANLIĞI DEVLET SU İŞLERİ GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ Barajlar ve HES Dairesi Başkanlığı BİRİM FİYAT CETVELİ 2014 Bu fiyatlar, 1.1.2002 den sonra ihaleye çıkılan işler için geçerli olup 1.1.2002 den önce ihaleye çıkılan işlerde KESİNLİKLE KULLANILAMAZ 1.1.2002 DEN SONRA İHALEYE ÇIKILAN İŞLER İÇİN B-07.D/3 Karayolu ile taşımalar : 1 - 10 000 m'den küçük taşımalar (< 10 000 m) S = a x \/T 2 - 10 000 m'den büyük taşımalar (>10 000 m) S = a x (0,00444 x f +55,6) m3 Formülden a = 0,0980 B-07.D/4 Karayolu ile taşımalar : 1 - 10 000 m'den küçük taşımalar (< 10 000 m) S = 0,90 x a x \ / T 2 - 10 000 m'den büyük taşımalar (>10 000 m) S = 0,90 x a x (0,00444 x f +55,6) m3 Formülden a = 0,0980 B-07.D/5 Karayolu ile taşımalar : 1 - 10 000 m'den küçük taşımalar (< 10 000 m) S = 1,30 x a x \ / T 2 - 10 000 m'den büyük taşımalar (>10 000 m) S = 1,30 x a x (0,00444 x f +55,6) İHZARAT FİYATLARI m3 Formülden a = 0,0980 B-08.D/1 B-08.D/3 B-08.D/4 B-08.D/5 Barajlarda çimento hazırlanması Barajlarda stabilize yol için kum çakıl hazırlanması Barajlarda filtre için kum çakıl hazırlanması Barajlarda dipsavak vanaları veya kapakları ve kumanda mekanizmaları hazırlanması Barajlarda cebri borular ve çelik mesnetleri hazırlanması Barajlarda her türlü demir kapakların hazırlanması Barajlarda kapak kaldırma tertibatı ve sızdırmaklık çubuğu hazırlanması ton m3 m3 143,15 4.33 4.33 kg kg kg Tariften Tariften Tariften B- 08.D/6 B-08...
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...The Ethics and Attitudes towards Ecotourism in the Philippines - Mary Ann Chen Ng, MSc. Eubios Ethics Institute, Philippines Email: maryannchenng@yahoo.com The Philippines, a developing country in South East Asia, is faced with the challenges of an increasing population, poverty, inequality, and corruption. With more than a quarter of the Filipino population falling below the poverty threshold, the pressure for productivity and growth has led to practices that have resulted in environmental stress and degradation. In response, the Philippine government has adopted the rhetoric of sustainable development as defined by the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development. Government policies on economic development have reflected this vision of sustainability and poverty reduction. A major part of the government's economic development plan is ecotourism. In preparation for 2003: Visit the Philippines Year, the Department of Tourism has been actively marketing the country as a safe tropical holiday destination (DOTa, 2002). The aggressive sales missions and advertising campaigns, along with the various activities in 2002 commemorating the International Year of Ecotourism, aim to increase visitor arrivals, and consequently bring in more foreign currency to the country. How much is actually at stake? In 2000 alone, the total annual revenue directly attributed from tourism amounted to about US$ 2.5 billion. There were 1.8 million...
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...Power is a great thing to behold. “How one uses it often reflects one’s personal values and beliefs. Thus, at one extreme might be individuals who view power as an opportunity to better the lives of others and improve society. And, at the other extremes might be individuals who view it as a license to pursue selfish goals.” (Lee-chai & Bargh 57). For the people who survived the Marcos regime, they know certainly that Marcos was one of the latter. From a potent leader, he became obsessed with his position thus resulting to his abuse of power. In doing so, he became the dictator of a time, which a lot of Filipinos consider as one of the darkest years in Philippine history. His rise to power and the dictatorship he established was a product of both personal ambition and historical currents, both international and local. Unfortunately for present and future generations, however, this dark chapter in our history still remains unsettled. Ferdinand Marcos, son of a Filipino politician, Mariano Marcos was a UP Law graduate and was a very intellectually competent person. He once served as his own lawyer in an appeal of a case in which he was convicted guilty. Because of his ability as a lawyer, he impressed the Supreme Court judge and at the same time was granted acquittal. One cannot deny the brilliance that Marcos possesses. And with this brilliance, he was able to climb the political ladder and reach heights only a few were able to get to. We could just wonder how can such a brilliant...
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...Indonesia. Banyaknya pengangguran meskipun bergelar sarjana, diskriminasi suku dan agama yang berakhir dengan anarkhisme, dan praktek pelanggaran HAM lainnya di Indonesia sudah seharusnya ditangani secara komprehensif oleh pemerintah dan para penegak hukum. Hak asasi manusia dilindungi oleh hukum dasar Negara Indonesia dan berlaku ke semua warga Negara tanpa terkecuali. Sungguh disayangkan bila praktek HAM di Indonesia belum bisa seperti di Negara maju yang sangat menjunjung tinggi HAM warga negaranya (meskipun beberapa Negara maju juga ada yang melakukan pelanggaran HAM ke Negara lainnya) Di dalam Indonesia, Isu yang paling memanas akhir-akhir ini adalah retaknya keharmonisan antar agama. Peristiwa penusukan dan perusakan gereja Huria Kristen Batak Protestan di Bekasi dan Peristiwa...
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...Budaya adalah suatu cara hidup yang berkembang dan dimiliki bersama olehsebuah kelompok orang dan diwariskan dari generasi ke generasi.Budaya terbentuk dari banyak unsur yang rumit, termasuk sistem agama dan politik,adat istiadat,bahasa, perkakas, pakaian , bangunan,dan karya seni. Bahasa,sebagaimana juga budaya, merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari diri manusia sehingga banyak orang cenderung menganggapnya diwariskan secara genetis. Ketika seseorang berusaha berkomunikasi dengan orang-orang yang berbada budaya dan menyesuaikan perbedaan-perbedaannya, membuktikan bahwa budaya itu dipelajari. Manajemen lintas budaya (cross-cultural management) yang sejati adalah bagaimana mengelola perbedaan cara pikir dan cara pandang yang beragam. Manajemen lintas budaya yang hanya mengelola tatanan fisik seperti apresiasi makanan, tradisi, dan bahasa tidak akan menghasilkan hasil optimal dari sebuah kelompok yang multi-kultur. Satu hal teramat penting yang perlu disadari para manajer dan siapapun yang berhadapan dengan keadaan lintas budaya adalah manajemen lintas budaya bukan berarti menyatukan cara pikir dan cara pandang. Dengan begitu justru kita menegasikan keunggulan keragaman budaya dan keragaman berpikir. Sesuai namanya, manajemen lintas budaya adalah mengelola keragaman ini. Ketika kita bekerja dengan orang Amerika dan Eropa, kita perlu paham cara berpikir mereka yang memang jauh lebih individualis daripada kita. Mereka juga memerlukan lebih banyak kepastian...
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...06/06/12 HOME ABOUT Resep Lasagna | InfoResep.com InfoResep.com Share food & beverage recipt Berbagi info resep masakan online Gaji 45 Juta/Bulan,Mau?? Kerja Mudah,Gaptek Tidak Masalah, Dijamin 400% Sukses, Perbesar PENIS 169rb. PIus seks TAHAN LAMA! Tanpa obat, 100% alami - www.ilmukejantanan.com Resep Lasagna Posted by inforesep Like 544 people On August - 2 - 2 009 Hidangan asal Italia ini adalah salah satu fav oritny a artis Susan Bachtiar lho… Resep Bahan Lasagna : 8 lembar pasta lasagna kering, rebus matang 1 50 gram keju mozzarella, parut 3 sendok makan keju parmesan Resep Bahan Saus Bolognaise : 2 sendok makan mentega tawar 200 gram bawang bombay , cincang halus 4 siung bawang putih, cincang halus 500 gram daging sapi giling 500 gram tomat merah rebus, kupas, cincang 1 50 gram wortel, potong dadu 1 /2 cm 1 50 ml kaldu sapi 1 sendok makan pasta tomat 1 1 /2 sendok teh garam 1 sendok makan gula pasir 1 sendok teh merica bubuk 1 /2 sendok teh oregano kering 2 lembar daun bay Resep Bahan Saus Becham el : 2 sendok makan mentega tawar 3 sendok makan tepung terigu serba guna 1 liter susu cair 1 /4 sendok teh pala bubuk 1 /4 sendok teh merica bubuk 1 /2 sendok teh gula pasir 1 /4 sendok teh merica bubuk 1 sendok teh garam 50 gram keju cheddar parut Cara Mem buat Lasagna : 1 . Saus bolognaise : Panaskan mentega, tumis bawang hingga harum. Masukkan daging giling, masak hingga berubah warna. Masukkan semua sisa bahan. Aduk, masak hingga air habis. Angkat...
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...WORKING PAPER Cultural Perceptions of Community Leadership and Participation in Health Improvement Efforts in Indonesia By J. Douglas Storey Linda C. Kenney Paper presented to the Intercultural/Development Communication and Health Communication Divisions of the International Communication Association 54th Annual Conference New Orleans, LA MAY 2004 The STARH (Sustaining Technical Achievements in Reproductive Health) Program is a fiveyear program funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development under Cooperative Agreement No. 497-A-00-00-00048-00, effective August 22, 2000. The program is implemented by Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. Any part of this document may be reproduced or adapted to meet local needs without prior permission provided the material is made available free or at cost. Any commercial reproduction requires prior permission from STARH. Permission to reproduce materials, which cite a source other than STARH, must be obtained directly from the original source. The analysis and opinions expressed in this report are, unless otherwise stated, those of the authors, and are not necessarily endorsed by the STARH Program or any of its partners, or by USAID. This report is a STARH Working Paper. Working Papers are distributed to facilitate the use of data, create awareness of an issue, or to advice on a current policy issue. Working Papers are usually not finished products. Users are encouraged to check with STARH to see if the re...
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...A. Introduction One of the ways to tell and educate the children about moral values is by telling a story. At school, teachers usually tell the students some inspiring stories which usually are fiction, such as fables, legend and other folktales. One of the most famous stories told by teachers and parents is Kancil (Mousedeer) story. Kancil story is kind of fable as the characters in the story are animals. Fables, which frequently feature animal characters, are told with the intention of educating the listener or the reader[1]. The stories which often use animal characters are memorable way of reinforcing moral and ethical precepts and of teaching practical lessons on how to get along in the world[2]. Kancil (Mousedeer) is one of the most famous characters in a fable in Indonesia and some other Asian countries. There are a lot of stories using Kancil as the main character. In Indonesia the story about Kancil is influenced by the culture of the people in one region. Therefore, as Indonesia has a lot of ethnics with their culture, it makes Kancil stories are told in different version and different name based on the language, custom, value and religion of one society. For example, Aceh and other Malay people call Kancil as Pelanduk with the famous story “Hikayat Pelanduk Jenaka”; while in North Sumatera, Bataknese people call it Paes. However, still all the stories about Kancil describe him with the same character. Kancil is usually described as a clever, tricky and...
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...1.0 Introduction In 1984, they opened a unisex casual clothes shop in Fukuro-machi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima under Japan which name "Unique Clothing Warehouse". It was at this point that the name "Uniqlo" was conceived, as an abbreviation of "special clothing". Corporate Mission is to make sincerely incredible attire with new and special value, and to able people all over the world to experience the pleasure, happiness, and fulfillment of wearing such incredible garments. The company also doing business in China, France, Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United States (uniqlo.com). The corporation was basically a division of Fast Retailing Co. by reason of its success it has developed to have its own stock on the Japanese equity market. In view of Businessweek.com Fast retailing co Ltd is currently worth 14,330 yen on Tokyo marketplace (fashionmodeldirectory.com). It does not make a difference who you are or where you live, UNIQLO makes clothes that transcend all classes and social organizations. Its apparel is made for all, going beyond age, sex, occupation, ethnicity, and all different ways that describe people. They also offer shoes, socks, scarves, tights, caps and different accessories. All the clothes are simple and basic yet common, so people can liberty join them in their own distinctive style (uniqlo.com). As the founder stated that UNIQLO clothes are created for all highly completed elements...
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