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Beam Calculation Using Solidworks

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Submitted By emeral
Words 682
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BEAM CALCULATION
Langkah 1
Bukalah software Solidworks, kemudian klik tab Office Product dan klik Solidworks Toolbox.

Langkah 2
Setelah mengklik Solidworks Toolbox, kemudian akan muncul tool Structural Steel dan Beam Calculator. Klik Structural Steel dan kemudian buat konstruksi jembatan truss dengan memilih tipe serta ukuran dari baja yang akan digunakan.

Langkah 3
Setelah memilih tipe dan ukuran baja, kemudian klik Sketch dan definisikan dimensinya menggunakan Smart Dimension,lalu klik Extrude Boss. Untuk konstruksi jembatan truss ini, digunakan skala 1:10.

Langkah 4
Lanjutkan membuat rangka jembatan truss dengan langkah yang sama.

Langkah 5
Setelah konstruksi jembatan sudah jadi, beri material baja karbon. Kemudian klik Beam Calculator pada tab Office Product. Beam Calculator dialog box menghasilkan perhitungan defleksi dan juga menghitung stress/tegangan pada cross section dari structural steel.

Defleksi adalah perubahan bentuk pada balok dalam arah y akibat adanya pembebanan vertikal yang diberikan pada balok atau batang. Deformasi pada balok dapat dijelaskan berdasarkan defleksi balok dari posisi sebelumnya mengalami pembebanan.

Langkah 6
Setelah Beam Calculator dialog box muncul, ganti unit menjadi Metric dan klik Y local axis.

Langkah 7
Klik beam dan pilih jenis dari beam. Untuk rangka jembatan ini, dipilih beam jenis HP Beam 8x36. Kemudian klik Beam Calculator. Setelah jenis beam dipilih, maka secara otomatis, kolom untuk modulus elastisitas serta momen inersianya telah terisi.

Langkah 8
Setelah memilih jenis beam, pilih load type dan pilih supported at both ends, uniformly loaded, karena beam di support di masing-masing ujungnya dan beban yang akan dihitung berada disepanjang beam.

Langkah 9
Kemudian masukkan nilai dari panjang beamnya. Karena menggunakan skala 1:10, maka dimasukkan 800mm untuk length dari jembatan. Untuk beban, 1kg = 9,8N. Setelah melakukan perhitungan, dimasukkan angka 401800N atau sama dengan 41 ton untuk loadnya lalu klik Solve.

Langkah 10
Solidworks akan menghitung defleksinya.

Jembatan didesain sedemikian rupa agar defleksi akibat beban hidup ditambah beban impact tidak melebihi 1/800 panjang bentang. Namun untuk jembatan di daerah perkotaan yang sebagian juga digunakan oleh pejalan kaki, defleksi tidak boleh melebihi 1/1000 panjang bentang (Xanthakos, 1994).

Untuk jembatan truss, akan digunakan kriteria defleksi = 1/1000 panjang bentang, karena letaknya yang berada di wilayah perkotaan. Dengan demikian, defleksi batas yang diizinkan untuk masing-masing bentang adalah: bentang 800mm: (1/1000) x 800 mm = 0.8 mm.

Dari perhitungan Solidworks, didapatkan defleksinya 0,798 atau dengan pembulatan keatas sama dengan 0,8. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa beban maksimal yang dapat diterima jembatan ini untuk menghindari terjadinya defleksi adalah adalah 41 ton.

Langkah 11
Untuk menghitung tegangan (stress), klik tombol stress di sebelah tombol deflection. Untuk load type dan jenis beamnya sama dengan saat perhitungan defleksi.

Langkah 12
Kemudian masukkan lengthnya dan loadnya, sama dengan perhitungan defleksi dan klik solve. Maka didapatkan tegangannya seperti gambar dibawah ini.

Untuk mengetahui apakah jembatan mampu menahan tegangan beban seberat 401800N atau sama dengan 41 ton, maka harus dilakukan kontrol terhadap tegangan, yaitu dengan membandingkan f (tegangan) dengan fy (tegangan leleh). Syarat yang harus dipenuhi yaitu f <= fy.
Untuk baja dengan jenis karbon, diketahui tegangan lelehnya ialah 248 Mpa atau sama dengan 248.000.000 Pa. Kemudian lakukan perbandingan dengan hasil yang didapat melalui perhitungan Solidworks: f <= fy
248.171.521,58 Pa <= 248.000.000 Pa
Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, ternyata didapatkan bahwa tegangan jembatan lebih besar dari tegangan lelehnya, maka jembatan tidak sanggup menaha beban sebesar 41 ton.

Langkah 13
Untuk mengetahui beban maksimal yang bisa ditahan jembatan untuk menghindari terjadinya stress, maka masukkan load yang lebih kecil dari sebelumnya.

Karena perbandingan f dengan fy yang tidak begitu jauh, maka masukkan 400820 N atau sama dengan 40,9 ton. Berdasarkan perhitungan Solidworks, didapatkan stressnya sebesar 247566225,185 Pa dan bernilai lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan tegangan lelehnya, sehingga bisa disimpulkan bahwa beban maksimal untuk jembatan ini adalah 40,9 N untuk menghindari terjadinya stress.

Kesimpulan
Berdasarkan perhitungan defleksi dan stress, didapatkan hasil bahwa beban maksimal yang mampu ditahan jembatan ini adalah 41 ton untuk menghindari terjadinya defleksi dan 40,9 ton untuk menghindari terjadinya stress. Untuk menghindari terjadinya defleksi dan stress, maka beban maksimal yang mampu ditahan oleh jembatan ini yaitu 40,9 ton.

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