...Classroom Management 1. Describe and critically discuss the major features of the main approaches to behaviour management the Porter (2007) describes in her text. 2. Critically review the appropriateness of each model to Australian Primary or Secondary School settings. INTRODUCTION Classroom management is a highly emotive and at times spurious phrase. It conjures up many images and experiences in which there are abundant publications bursting with competing theories, applications and never-ending analysis. Google the phrase and over 100,000 pages are listed with various approaches that range from common sense applications to profound theoretical dissertations on the subject (50 ways to handle the difficult class, 10 ways to deal with defiant students, Managing excessive talking successfully, etc...). However, disruptive behaviours in the classroom have real costs including: • distracting other students and the teacher in class • reducing student involvement in the learning process • lowering other students' motivation in or out of class for that particular subject • influencing fairness in assessment • using the teacher’s teaching time unproductively • teacher and students experience a lack of respect Porter (2007)[1] draws down on all the competing theories of classroom management and summarises five/six approaches which take in holistic, constructive, preventative and remedial strategies. These approaches include: ...
Words: 3035 - Pages: 13
...Behaviour management methods based in behaviourism advocate rewarding pupils when they conform to school expectations and punishing them when they do not. The external environment is heavily emphasised in behaviourism, with positive reinforcement provided by teachers to encourage favourable behaviour (Skinner 1985, 293). Rewards such as stickers, extra play time, praise, or being designated teacher's helper are examples of positive rein forcers. Negative reinforcement is similarly used by teachers to discourage inappropriate behaviour (Skinner 1985, 293). Punishments such as withholding recess, writing students' names on the board, or requiring extra work act as negative rein forcers. Most teachers learn behaviourist methods in their pre-service training. For example, many teachers are instructed by their professors to ignore some inappropriate behaviours (Obenchain and Taylor 205, 9). The theoretical reason behind this response is that if the student is not rewarded by teacher attention, he or she will eventually stop the behaviour. This planned ignoring is called the principal of extinction by behavioural theorists. The principal of extinction states that if in a given situation a person exhibits a certain behaviour and that behaviour is not reinforced, the behaviour will lessen when that given situation is again presented (Obenchain and Taylor 205, 9). However, negative reinforcement can also work against good classroom management. For example, teachers are often directed...
Words: 657 - Pages: 3
...APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT Dr.M. Thenmozhi Professor Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600 036 E-mail: mtm@iitm.ac.in APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Empirical Approach Human Behaviour Approach Social System Approach Decision Theory Approach Mathematical Approach Socio-Technical Systems Approach Systems Approach Contingency Approach Operational Approach REASONS & PROBLEMS 1) Semantic problems in management literature. 2) Contributions from different disciplines. 3) Misunderstanding of principles. EMPIRICAL APPROACH • • • – – – – Study of managerial experiences and cases(mgt) Contributors: Earnest Dale, Mooney & Reiley, urwick. Features Study of Managerial Experiences Managerial experience passed from participationer to students for continuity in knowledge management. Study of Successful & failure cases help practicising managers. Theoretical research combined with practical experiences. • – Uses Learning through experience of others • – – Limitations No Contribution for the development of management as a discipline Situations of past not the same as present. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR APPROACH • – – Organisation as people a) Interpersonal Behaviour Approach - Individual Psychology b) Group Behaviour Approach - Organisation Behaviour • – – – – Features Draws heavily from psychology & sociology. Understand human relations. Emphasis on greater productivity through motivation...
Words: 749 - Pages: 3
...Module 4 Behaviour Management "Effective behaviour management is essential to the smooth running of a school and in the creation of an environment where everyone's rights and responsibilities are addressed. A balance between fundamental rights and responsibilities is at the heart of behaviour management" (Rogers, 2000 p.12). The school system and the community of people that constitute the school need to be the focus for intervention and change. As Rutter (1979) argued, positive and measurable outcomes in behaviour and learning can occur apart from the socioeconomic conditions of the children in school. Progress will be limited if the schools attitude and stance is "How can we be expected to develop good learning and behaviour when we have got kids like these in this environment." A recent survey reports that the majority of teachers consider 'home background' to be the most significant factor in 'problem behaviour' (Croll and Moses, 1985). The classroom climate has a huge impact on pupils motivation and attitudes to learning. A study by Wragg and Wood (1989) emphasises the importance of the first few lessons with a new class in establishing positive behaviour and fostering pupils intrinsic and extrinsic motivation towards learning. Jones and Jones (1998) formula - Motivation = expectation of success x expected benefits of success x work climate. Kyriacou (2001) claims that the classroom itself should be purposeful, task-orientated, relaxed warm and supportive with emphasis...
Words: 3251 - Pages: 14
...evaluation of organisational behaviour a) Stakeholder’s change b) Managerial and leadership change c) Changing models of organizational behaviour -Various degrees of collegiality -Other models: political and ambiguity d) How do we successfully move forward? 2- Managing change and conflicts / resistance a) Organisation change management b) Resistance to change -Why does resistance occur? -Positive effects of resistance / Using resistance to generate successful changes CONCLUSION Aurélie’s dissertation Intro As my desire to grow as an educational leader continues to expand over time, I have also become more and more interested in the challenge for International education organisations to adapt to the pressure and new demands of our rapidly changing and globalized world. “Contemporary organizations are immersed in a virtual cyclone of change as they strive to adapt to the ever increasing demands of their domestic and global markets” (Chandler, 1994; Morrison, 1981). In International schools, this has naturally generated changing contexts of education. Organizational change is becoming an increasing priority and is quite clearly at the forefront of management concerns. I would like to use this assignment to broaden my understanding of the workings of educational structures in the context of international teaching. I will first attempt to analyze the theory of educational management so that - with a multidimensional...
Words: 4146 - Pages: 17
...I have chosen to focus my KV760 assignment on researching and successfully improving behaviour management in an often challenging, low attaining comprehensive year 8 History group, last period on a Friday. I thought it would be a great opportunity to research around the common issues of behaviour management and how to best tackle them. Whilst I feel I have made progress with the group as my professional practice has continued, I do feel that background research has helped me, and more importantly, will continue to aid me in managing behaviour within the group. I have also selected the topic of how to tackle behaviour management using the year 8 group as a case study, as an important factor I have learnt through training is that behaviour management is not a problem unique to the class and even to school, but it appears to be an issue of national concern, and is an ongoing challenge for teachers in general (Ofsted, 2014). Whilst I would like to develop my skills by using...
Words: 868 - Pages: 4
...Disciplinary Approaches as Practiced by Public Elementary School Teachers and Pupils Classroom Behavior : Towards Effective Learning CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Discipline plays a vital role in the teaching – learning process. Pupils tend to understand the lesson best when they are well- disciplined as the teachers imparts the lesson. Teachers may not be aware of the consequences their discipline measures have injected in children’s mind children with misbehavioral problems will always be present in a regular classroom. Teachers are idols of pupils and they play a vital role in the development and upbringing of a child. The teacher will surely affect the childs learning activities. It is in this point that teachers should be aware in identifying the behaviour problems of their pupils. In the classroom , it is considered as an effective tool that enhances the teaching – learning process since it may guide the individual child toward the right conduct in a certain task. In general, discipline leads every person to be a holistic individual with reasonable values that facilitate a wholesome being. The tremendous, but definitely surmountable challenge for teachers in today’s situation in public elementary schools is how to balance their functions as classroom teachers. Altough teaching pupils istheir primary goal they must also be aware that discipline is the control to misbehaviours enforcing orderly conduct for effective...
Words: 5508 - Pages: 23
...between women and men in leadership behaviour 428 Jon Aarum Andersen Received May 2010 Revised October 2010 Accepted November 2010 Faculty of Social Sciences, Lillehammer University College, Lillehammer, Norway, and Per H. Hansson Department of Education, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Abstract Purpose – This study aims to explore behavioural differences between women and men in managerial positions and suggest explanations for differences and similarities. Design/methodology/approach – In order to eliminate any effects of organizational differences on leadership behaviour, this study had public managers responding to questionnaires that measured their leadership style, decision-making style, and motivation profile. Findings – Statistical analyses of data from three groups of Swedish public managers (n ¼ 385) revealed virtually no significant differences in behaviour between female and male managers. Regardless of whether there is a female or male majority of employees or a female or male majority of managers, no effect on leadership behaviour occurs. Originality/value – A number of studies indicate that managers’ behaviour is different in different types of organizations. This study suggests, therefore, that, independent of gender, organizational and demographic characteristics modify leadership behaviours, thus explaining similarities in leadership behaviour. Keywords Women, Men, Gender, Leadership behaviour, Public sector organizations, Sweden ...
Words: 6374 - Pages: 26
...Behaviour Management Introduction: * first port of call should be school code of discipline * aim of most successful behaviour management strategies is to emphasise the positive and reduce incidents of negative behaviour Emotional Development: * teachers can play a vital role in the emotional development of pupils * by focusing on creating emotional competence in pupils, a lot of behavioural issues can be prevented * modelling pro-social behaviour such as appropriate facial expressions and tone of voice can be effective in doing this, the opposite is also true * by over reacting to an undesirable behaviour, the teacher is reinforcing that behaviour Self-Esteem * A lot of bad behaviour is rooted in low self-esteem * pupils with repeated experience of rejection/failure respond by attention seeking and disruptive behaviours * self-esteem linked to gap between an individual’s self image and their ideal self * self-esteem is an evaluation of out traits and characteristics * Laurence (1996) indicates correlation between teacher and student self-esteem * teachers in powerful position to influence academic and emotional development of pupils * creating warm positive and caring classroom environment is important * talking to pupils about their interests/families/hobbies can help to gain an insight into the pupil and deal with self-esteem issues * use emotional vocabulary in the classroom * encourage the vocalisation...
Words: 1454 - Pages: 6
...SECONDARY SCHOOLS: SOME COUNSELLING INTERVENTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION Oyaziwo Aluede Ambrose Alli University Abstract Bullying problem has remained pervasive and a going concern for all stakeholders of education who desire to make school climate a safe haven. This paper is moved by this desire, by bringing into context the meaning of bullying and prevalence of bullying around the globe. The paper further brings into perspective bullying situation in Nigeria and prescribes intervention for bullying prevention in schools. These include; provision of helping services for schools; sensitization and capacity building of stakeholders in bullying detection and prevention; implementation of bully buster programme; and improvement of students’ level of compassion and empathy through empathy training. Introduction A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students enrolled in it. The main purpose of the school is to develop the student through knowledge acquisition so that he/she may become a social being. By this, the student is expected to learn how to relate with fellow students, teachers and significant others in the school on the one hand, live in a harmonious way (by blending with societal values) in the society on the other hand. The school is also expected to be a place where students should feel safe and secure, and where they can count on being treated with respect. The reality, however, is that only few students or pupils can harmoniously blend with their school mates...
Words: 4218 - Pages: 17
...Performance Management 1 Performance Management and Reward Systems in Context Objectives By the end of this module, you will be able to: explain the concept of performance management; distinguish performance management from performance appraisal; explain the many advantages of and make a business case for implementing a well-designed performance management system; recognise the multiple negative consequences that can arise from the poor design and implementation of a performance management system, which affect all the parties involved – employees, supervisors, and the organisation as a whole; understand the concept of a reward system and its relationship to a performance management system; distinguish between the various types of employee rewards, including compensation, benefits and relational returns; describe the multiple purposes of a performance management system, including strategic, administrative, information, developmental, organisational maintenance and documentation purposes; describe and explain the key features of an ideal performance management system; create a presentation including persuasive arguments in support of an organisation implementing a performance management system, including the purposes that performance management systems serve and the dangers of a poorly implemented system; note the relationship and links between a performance management system and other HR functions including recruitment and selection, training...
Words: 13250 - Pages: 53
...Trends in Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS) 2 (2): 95-103 © Scholarlink Research Institute Journals, 2011 (ISSN: 2141-7024) jetems.scholarlinkresearch.org Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS) 2(2):95-103(ISSN:2141-7024) Journal of Emerging Trends in An Investigation of Personality on Entrepreneurial Success Owoseni Omosolape Olakitan and Akanbi Paul Ayobami Department of Business Administration. Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Oyo State Corresponding Author: Owoseni Omosolape Olakitan __________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Various personality variables determine entrepreneurial intentions and ultimately entrepreneurial success. This paper investigated the influence of personality on entrepreneurial success. We examined the impact of gender, locus of control and risk-taking behaviour on the success of an entrepreneur. The participants in this study were thirty-five solo entrepreneurs located around Agbowo, University of Ibadan area, Ibadan, Oyo state, igeria. 34.3 percent were males and 65.7 percent were females aged between 21 and 60. Six hypotheses were tested using various statistical techniques including independent ‘t’ test, analysis of variance and multiple regression. The results showed that risk-taking behaviour and locus of control had no significant interaction effect on entrepreneurial success. There was also no significant difference between risk-taking behaviour and entrepreneurial success...
Words: 5754 - Pages: 24
...By Rosalinde Saunders 13/10/2014 1 Oppositional Defiant Disorder or ODD in children is a psychiatric disorder that can persist into adulthood. Students with ODD have an underdeveloped conscience and poor relationship skills. They display a great deal of aggression and purposefully annoy others. The actions of these children seriously interfere with their functioning at home and at school. Being defiant and argumentative are typical patterns of behaviour these children display throughout their school years. 13/10/2014 2 Being easily aggravated and annoyed Irritating others intentionally Exhibiting sudden, unprovoked anger Blaming others for their mistakes or for their misbehaviour Refusing to comply with adult requests Bragging about being mean and never truly being sorry Lying Being vengeful without provocation Being easily angered, frustrated and annoyed Cursing and using inappropriate language Seeking attention Having low self-esteem Provoking conflict among peers, family members and other adults 13/10/2014 3 The cause of ODD is unknown. Some researchers have speculated that ODD results from incomplete child development. These children do not seem to learn the coping skills that most children absorb early in life. The disorder may be related to a child’s temperament and the family’s reaction to it. Poor parenting skills, loss of a family member to death, divorce or incarceration, other family adversity...
Words: 957 - Pages: 4
...every child receives this before reaching school age. Early years provision is supporting young children. Learning through play is the key element and is used more in early years than a formal education. This is because play shows to be more helpful in a child’s early development. 1b) Explain the characteristics of the different types of school in relation to educational stages and governance. There are 4 types of mainstream state school community, foundation and trust, voluntary and specialist. These 4 types follow the national curriculum. Other types include Independent/Free schools and academies; these don’t have to follow the curriculum and are governed in different ways. Community schools Run and owned by local authorities and not by their governing body. The local authority will usually determine the admissions policy and support the school in looking at ways to develop links within the local community. They also provide support services to the school. Some community schools, local groups use school facilities to hold classes of their own. Foundation and trust schools Foundation schools are run by their own governing body, that decide on admissions policy following consultation with the local authority. Its land and all buildings are also owned by the governance or charitable foundation. A trust school is like a foundation school but has a charitable trust and outside partner like a business. It can only become a trust school with a decision from its governing body...
Words: 6524 - Pages: 27
...Title: Disciplinary Scenarios and Strategies In today’s classrooms whether it’s at schools, colleges or universities there are disciplinary problems to be found. However there should be classroom discipline and management present and both the students and teachers should be well aware of it. Classroom management is a term used by teachers to describe the process of ensuring that classroom lessons run smoothly despite disruptive behavior by students. The term also implies the prevention of disruptive behavior. It is possibly the most difficult aspect of teaching for many teachers; indeed experiencing problems in this area causes some to leave teaching altogether. Classroom discipline is when the teacher has the ability to discipline the students because of their behaviour and teach in a way that students can learn in an effective way, it is also being able to deal and help students who are facing problems that are affecting their school work. In this essay I will state disciplinary scenarios in classrooms and strategies on how to deal and solve these problems, such as disrespectful students, the non-stop talkers, the cheaters and careless students. . The disrespectful student One of the biggest classroom management mistakes teachers can make is allowing the disrespect from students and taking them personal. There are students who have little respect for teachers and classrooms which disrupt the entire lesson planned for that day. For example when a teacher starts a...
Words: 1626 - Pages: 7
