...Urban Workers: * Establish planning (Central Planning) * Annual planning, similar to soviet style * Went back to recognising hierarchy and experts (Chinese) * Russians began to fear China, they armed the Chinese border * Pay differentials, if you do more skilled work you get paid more * By 1965 they’ve doubled their 1957 output * Introducing elements of capitalism and its working Politics: - Ideology takes second place to pragmatism - Mao is being ignored - They bring back many of the people in labour camps people Mao had purged in the past - Mao tries to get power back, power struggle and it’s going to bring negative impacts Cultural Revolution Key dates: 1976 Mao dies 1966-1976: - Cultural Revolution- intensifies in the beginning - In the mid 60’s the pragmatic group of the party led China - Trying to create a reasonable standard of living with economic stability - Still working on national unity - Making sure China’s place in the world is made secure Why it happens? * Mao still has a very revolutionary vision * One of those visions, is greater equality and of mass participation to create change * Mao thought China was stagnating in terms of revolution * He identified the things that were holding China back from proper revolution * Mao looks at education as one of the factors * Education gave a view privileges, e.g. people from rural areas received bad education * He saw this was...
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...Honesty in the Academic Environment Jasmine Mix RDG 504 January 18, 2013 Jessica Montgomery Honesty in the Academic Environment Introduction Six year old Kylie is asked by her teacher “Why did you place the pencils in your backpack and take the pencils home?” Very unsure of the appropriate response, Kylie simply says “ I didn’t.” The teacher then goes over to the child’s book bag to take out the pencils that are accused of to be missing. Kylie then states that she must have accidently placed the pencil in the book bag after completing the end of the day assignment while packing up to go home. Regardless of the reason the action occurred, the teacher proceeds to have a thorough discussion regarding the topic of honesty and goes forth to discipline the child in school as well as contact her parent at home to make them aware of the situation and to recommend they generously speak to their student so that the behavior is not repeated again. In this paper I look to explore the different levels of honesty and evaluate if it is as black and white as it seems. When is it Lying According to Merriam-Webster the definition of honesty is: 1. The quality or fact of being honest; uprightness and fairness. 2. Truthfulness, sincerity or frankness. 3. Freedom from deceit or fraud. The commitment required to realize these simple terms is more clearly implied in a second definition, drawn from Funk & Wagnails Standard Handbook of Synonyms, Antonyms and Prepositions: "One who is honest...
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...Understanding China’s Political System The Chinese Communist Party (CCP or Party) has been in power in China for more than six decades, a record of longevity that rivals and could one day surpass that of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.2 The CCP assumed power in 1949 by means of a civil war victory over the forces of Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalists, who moved the seat of their Republic of China government to the island of Taiwan. The Communists named their new regime the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Although the CCP has been continually in power since, China’s political institutions and political culture have evolved significantly over those decades, with the CCP’s willingness to adapt helping to explain why it has, so far at least, avoided the fate of its sister parties in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Today, although the Party is committed to maintaining a permanent monopoly on power and is intolerant of those who question its right to rule, analysts consider the political system to be neither monolithic nor rigidly hierarchical. Jockeying among leaders and institutions representing different sets of interests is common at every level of the system. Sometimes fierce competition exists among the members of the Communist Party’s nine-man Politburo Standing Committee and 25-member Politburo, China’s highest decision-making bodies. It also exists among ministries; between ministries and provincial governments, which are equals in bureaucratic...
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...Among the major economic problems confronting China, two are particularly difficult. The problem that has lately received most attention and concern is actually the less difficult of the two. The second is not only more difficult, but also has been largely ignored in public discussion. The easier problem is the so-called "overheated" Chinese economy, and the worry that the "bubble" may burst with serious consequences for Asia and the world economy. China has achieved and sustained a remarkably rapid rate of economic growth -- 9.2% in 2003 and an annual rate of 9.7% in the first quarter of 2004. Along with rapid GDP growth have come various indicators of overheating. These have included a 3.5% increase in the consumer price index in the first quarter of 2004 on a year-over-year basis, a 20% rise in the money supply in 2003 partly due to foreign capital inflow and a $30 billion jump in China's foreign exchange reserves. At China's Boao economic forum in April, President Hu Jintao explicitly acknowledged the overheating problem, while expressing confidence that it can be controlled and a "hard landing" avoided. There are reasonably strong grounds for his confidence. Awareness of the problem by China's top policymakers is an encouraging sign as is their recognition of the various policy instruments they can employ in a timely manner to forestall and mitigate the problem. These instruments include raising interest rates, boosting capital and reserve requirements in the four main state...
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...CHINA February 2012 EDC ECONOMICS MARKET SPOTLIGHT: Real GDP grew 9.2% in 2011, a marked slowdown from the 10.4% pace of 2010. A sharp slowdown in real estate construction activity, as a result of past excesses, and weak demand from Europe will result in growth slowing to 8.0% in 2012, with the slowdown occurring in the first half. However, inflationary pressures are abating rapidly, giving room to ease if necessary. The key downside risk to the outlook is the impact of the real estate slowdown on the financial sector and local authorities’ fiscal position, both of which should be contained. Economic Credit Agencies Moody’s: Aa3 S&P: AAFitch: A+ Nominal GDP (2010) USD 5,878 bn Population (2010) 1,341.4 millions Total Trade / GDP (2010) 50.6% Currency Yuan (Renminbi) Exchange regime Crawling peg Merchandise imports from Canada (2010) CAD 12,880 million Main sources of Foreign Exchange (excl. FDI) Manufactured exports Main Merchandise Export Destination European Union (20%) Main imports E&E equipment (24%) Industrial M&E (21%) Risks to the Outlook Second stimulus package; Monetary and credit loosening Real estate bubble burst; Debt crisis in Europe Recent performance: Official real GDP growth slowed again in Q4, rising 8.9% y/y from 9.1% y/y in Q3. However, EDC Economics’ estimate of seasonally adjusted real GDP growth shows that growth accelerated for a second consecutive quarter, to 9.1% q/q (annualized) from 8.1% in Q3. Strong US holiday shopping and some inventory rebuilding...
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...“Making” Capitalism Erin MacDonald CHN: 388W February 18th, 2014 About two pages into the section titled Smashing the Four Olds of Gao Yuan’s book Born Red, I came across two sentences that really caught my attention. This part of the section highlighted a conversation between a group of Red Guards who had gone into a small town and came across some peasants selling various home-grown vegetables out of wheelbarrows on the street. These Red Guards proceeded to ask each other “Aren’t they [the peasants] making capitalism?” (pg. 87) At first glance, I attributed the odd wording of the sentence to be an example of what I would call “Chinglish” which can be described as a poor translation from a Chinese word or phrase into English. However, as I read down the page a bit more, I came across another instance of this odd phrasing where the Red Guards referred to those peasants as “making” capitalism; they had approached a man selling eggplants from the man’s own garden and proceeded to ask him directly, “Who allowed you to make capitalism?” (pg. 87) I surmised at this point that Gao Yuan had not merely translated his choice of words poorly but had in fact used the phrasing “making capitalism” intentionally. Gao Yuan’s deliberate description of the peasants to be “making” capitalism made me question whether or not there was any significance behind his particular choice of words. What did the Red Guards mean by saying that those peasants were “making” capitalism? Can capitalism...
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...Autocracy is the system administer by the minority. Its reverse than democracy, in autocracy people does not allow to take place or make any decision for the country. Today, there still have a country that used autocracy as their country system. Autocracy never listens to citizen about how to make a country to be betterment. Everything will be decided by the rural. Usually, the rural is despotism because the right of people are not hear but not at all of them. Characteristics. 1. Form of ruling. It will determined by the rural. People do not allow participating. People who try to participate will be a person who tries challenge the rural. And the person will becomes as rural enemy. It’s because in autocracy, people voice are useless and nothing for government. The participating by the people in terms make decision making is too smallest. The politics scope fully under the rural with any influence by the people. As example, to decide who will be the head of Republic of China. A person does not participate in this context. President Hu Jintao selected without citizens influence. 2. Political Party. In autocracy country. There have political party but the political party only for the government side only that legal. Other political party does not get legal. It’s because other political party who create does not allowed to join in any election and it’s useless. It’s because in the autocracy country, it does not has election. The election is nothing. What so ever the...
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...society at large to support their policies will shape the course of future events. At the vanguard of the group of up-and coming leaders is Hu Jintao, who joined the Communist Party’s most senior body, the seven-man politburo Standing Committee, at the age of 49 in 1992. These new leaders are united in their commitment to ensuring the primacy of the Communist Party and to implementing market-oriented economic reform. Trained as engineers (or, in one case, a geologist), they had reputations as good managers and operated primarily as party bureaucrats. The up-and-comer who has risen highest is Hu, now 55 years old. He was appointed vice-president of the People Republic of China in March. He may take over as party general secretary when Jiang Zemin completes his second term in that position in 2002. He was trained in hydroelectric engineering at the prestigious Qinghua University, and rose to national prominence through the ranks of the Communist Youth League (Lawrence, 1998, p. 570). The brightest of the five young leaders is Li Changchun, 54, the party boss of wealthy Guangdong, the province that borders Hong Kong. Li, an electrical engineer, spent most of his first five decades in the northeastern province of Liaoning, climbing the local Communist Party ladder. He served as mayor and then party chief of Liaoning’s capital, and later as governor and deputy party chief of the province. Li was tasked with bringing Guangdong back under the control of Beijing. Li is shaking...
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...Why did Mao launch the Cultural Revolution? The Cultural Revolution could be regarded as a nightmare for the generation of my grandparents’ age. It was initiated by Mao Zedong and utilized by the counterrevolutionary clique that led by Lin Biao and Jiang Qing. This leading mistake was an unchangeable disaster to the whole state, the CCP, and all the Chinese people. This struggle lasted for ten years from 1966 to 1976. How could Chinese people endure this ordeal for ten year? We should understand the concept of the Cultural Revolution first according to the required readings. From 1966 to 1969, Mao wanted to change “the bourgeois dictatorship” to “the proletarian dictatorship,” which meant that Mao needed people to destroy the so-called “the capitalists.” The real meaning of the Cultural Revolution for Mao himself was to help the CCP to seize power from the KMP. For him, that meant to snatch the regime from the bourgeois leaders and gave it back to the proletarians. In 1966, the “Sixteen Articles” announced that the party should adjust those in power but took the path of “capitalism ”. The events about seizing power started from January 1967 in Shanghai. And one month later, Lin Biao and Jiang Qing led the counterrevolutionary people frame those older generations of proletarian revolutionaries up to say that the elders were disturbing the CCP by complaining their concerns about the Cultural Revolution. This movement was called the “February Adverse Current”...
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...25 news articles. 1. Georgia- Georgia under state of emergency as storm looms… (Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal says the state is exercising extreme caution as it prepares for a one-two punch of winter weather.) 2. Missouri- Michael Sam comes out of the closet, star football proudly says, “I’m an openly gay man.” 3. Afghanistan- U.S. contractors killed in Kabul car bomb. 4. Geneva- Syria’s government and opposition refused to meet face to face on Monday as a spate of recent attacks on humanitarian convoys overshadowed efforts to resume peace talks in the city. 5. New York City- Nokia to launch Android-based smartphones in February. 6. Mumbai- Indian drivers urged to stop honking horns. City drivers are being told to use their horns less as the noise pollution causes stress and high blood pressure. 7. Berkshire/Surrey/Somerset- UK floods. Homes evacuated as swollen Thames keep listing. Fourteen severe flood warnings are in place. 8. Syria- More Syrians flee besieged Hom Old City. Hundreds of civilians were allowed to leave at the weekend after the local governor agreed a truce with the UN. 9. Canada- Alex Bilodeau wins gold in the men’s mogul. 10. New York City- Bill De Blasio pledges to raise the minimum wage and issue papers to undocumented immigrants, as he rails against inequality. 11. Europe- A Swiss vote to bring back strict immigration quotas for Europeans draws criticism from France, Germany, and Brussels. 12. Brazil- Brazilian cameraman Santiago Andrade, who was...
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...Confucius lived, believed, and taught that there is no individual soul or self. He taught ethics and left spiritual beliefs and teachings to those who chose to follow such paths. He taught that whoever put themselves on the negative side of Heaven, had no other recourse to redeem them as is taught and followed in Christianity. There is no redemption in Confucianism only to live truthfully and honor the Earth for what the Earth gives. The Five Great Relationships are as follows: * Kindness in the father and obedient devotion from a son * Gentility in the eldest brother and humility with respect in the youngest * Righteous behavior in a husband and obedience from the wife * Kindness towards the elders in the family and humility in younger generations * Benevolence in Rulers (or to perform goodness) and loyalty from ministers and those subjects The Ideal person is to become educated and live a moral life. He taught that if man is good by nature, then it is quite simple to acquire what is natural to humans where kindness and generosity should be prevalent. An Ideal Man will live in squalor with minimal means, and still have authentic happiness for himself and those around him. This type of man has no jealousy for those who dwell in riches nor shun those less fortunate. The important features of an Ideal man according to Confucius are a man that remains humane to all things given by the Earth and to not acquire comfortable living means in ill-gotten ways...
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...heard someone talking on the bus like this: A: 侬裤子阿子瓦特啦？裤子么坏裤大系瓦？阿子么瓦阿大系瓦。 J: Oh My god! Did the Shanghai people speak Japanese? A: Even most Shanghai people can speak Mandarin. The local use more Shanghai Dialect, which is totally different with Mandarin or Cantonese. Newcomer would be shocked because they understand "0" of the dialect Slide 4 J: However, after I lived in Shanghai for 10 years and one day I visited my hometown-Beijing, I had dinner with a group of the high school classmates at the restaurant. My classmate kept asking: Do you the current Mayor of Beijing? He's sued in March. Have you heard about the Vice Provincial Governor of ShanXi? He'll become one of the candidate of the Political Bureau; I tell you: President Jiang Zemin have problem on proving...
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...Canada without seeing her mother (Xue). Many of the Chinese can’t get access to any information about the protest. This is due to the Chinese limiting the internet search for their citizens. The leaders are able to censor everything by having two million online censors to monitor what is being searched. The leaders have gone to the extent of breaking down number combinations and erasing all the facts about the bloody crackdown (Rayman). The long term censorship still affects citizens today. Also eventually trade ended up continuing on and the government and military ended up releasing prisoners that were arrested during the protest (History.com). After the protest ended, Deng Xiaoping plucked Jiang Zemin from relative obscurity in Shanghai to become the new Communist Party chief (Martina). Jiang replaced Zhao for being sacked for his sympathetic views toward protesters. He remained under house arrest till he later died in 2005 in Beijing (Martina). Despite that, protesters that fled the country after the protest are trying to return. Though the government still will not let them in, no matter what the case is. ...
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