...Assessment which was developed by Rachel Spector in 2000 provides a comprehensive analysis tool to identify patients and their ancestors’ cultural values, religious beliefs, ethnic background and etc. nurses are able to utilize this tool to improve the health care quality for the patients from diverse ethnics. This paper focuses on the usefulness of Heritage Assessment in evaluating the needs of patients and families, the traditions and practices from three different families in health maintenance, health protection and health restoration based on culture heritage through the interviews. This paper also addresses the diversity and similarity of the three ethnic groups: Hispanic, Chinese and Filipino. Heritage Assessment encompasses twenty nine questions including where the ancestors of the individual are from, information about the parents, siblings and relatives, relationship between the family members, religion beliefs, life styles and language preferences and etc. By studying this assessment along with further communication, nurses are able to develop a detailed and customized care plan for the individual. Heritage Assessment serves the health care providers as a holistic approach to evaluate the multicultural health traditions and practices to establish the better understanding of individual’s culture values and beliefs. As nurses have to be culturally competent to accommodate the needs of cultural diversity, the delivery of health care is not the final objectives, the nurses...
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...of education in the Philippines during the pre-colonial times was highly related to and influenced by the kind of economic situation. The type of society before Spanish colonization was Primitive Communal and shifting to Asiatic feudalism. Because the subsistent mode of production they had, the mode at which education is being proliferated and spread out was also plain and simple. Alibata, the native alphabet, was used as a medium of instruction. During the pre-colonial era, the educators were the Babaylan and the Katalonan. They were both looked upon by the society because they possess wisdom and knowledge on spirituality and system of governing their own society. Hence, the type of education that was taught to the people was based on beliefs and tradition. The limited education on scientific learning was caused by the limitation in economic production. In the Muslim communities...
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...Bilingual Education." Bilingual education in the Philippines is defined operationally as the separate use of Filipino and English as the media of instruction in specific subject areas. As embodied in the DECS Order No. 25, Pilipino (changed to Filipino in 1987) shall be used as medium of instruction in social studies/social sciences, music, arts, physical education, home economics, practical arts and character education. English, on the other hand is allocated to science, mathematics and technology subjects. The same subject allocation is provided in the 1987 Policy on Bilingual Education which is disseminated through Department Order No. 52, s. 1987. The policy on Bilingual Education aims at the achievement of competence in both Filipino and English at the national level, through the teaching of both languages and their use as media of instruction at all levels. The regional languages shall be used as auxiliary languages in Grades I and II. The aspiration of the Filipino nation is to have its citizens possess skills in Filipino to enable them to perform their functions and duties in order to meet the needs of the country in the community of nations. The goals of the Bilingual Education Policy shall be: 1. Enhanced learning through two languages to achieve quality education as called for by the 1987 Constitution; 2. The propagation of Filipino as a language of literacy; 3. The development of...
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... however the actual invasion did not begin until 1564. Spanish power in the Philippines soon started to fall as other nations were starting to practice their spread of power in the mid 1700s. When the U.S.S Maine sunk in an American attempt to relieve the tension between Cuba and Spain exploded, the U.S. declared war on Spain and won a naval battle against them in Manila Bay, May 1, 1898. By the time U.S. got to the Philippines, the Filipinos has already declared their independence from Spain. However, their celebration did not last long when the Treaty of Paris 1898 transferred the Philippines to under the U.S.’s power. Wesley Merritt, William Mckinley, and Otis all had the same message to the Filipinos. Everyone pretty much said the same thing, but at the different times, to remind the Filipinos that the Americans were not their enemy. However, when Merritt made the first announcement, he was smooth, took some time to explain what was going to be happening on the islands. He mentioned that as long as the Filipinos respected the United States that they would, in return, “protect them in their homes, in their employments, and in their personal and religious rights.” This was pretty much repeated two more times with the other...
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...content in other subject areas, there is the necessity for these learners to gain proficiency in English. Since the Philippines embraced the English language from the American colonizers, the Philippines today is the fifth largest English-speaking country in the world and second in the continent of Asia (Wikipedia). Filipinos should be proud of this because English is the “world language,” the lingua franca of the modern era. But the question is, how will the Philippine government maintain and improve the standard and the competitiveness of its people in the use of English, which is highly needed in the emerging, fast-growing local and international industries? A study made by Amamio (2000) on the attitudes of students, teachers and parents toward English and Filipino as media of instruction provided an interesting comparison. According to the result of the study, students and teachers prefer the use of English as the medium of instruction, with the teachers finding English a more comfortable language for explaining ideas and concepts. Teachers further noted that English is an “intellectualized language” and a valuable tool to source information technology. However, parents preferred Filipino because “it is the language in which they can think and express themselves” and it is the language that they understand and through which they themselves are better understood. According to Bernardo Villegas, the youth have all the chances to speak and listen to the Filipino language in...
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...definition of culture is the total of knowledge, beliefs, experiences, values, attitudes, religion, hierarchies, objects and possessions obtained by a group of people through generations. Elements of culture include language, symbols, values, norms, laws, and beliefs. Culture can also by the “totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought” (Culture, 2010, pg. 5) Culture of Spain Spain’s culture includes the personal beliefs of religion, the practices of the society, and the attitudes of the people. The Spanish culture has made adjustments to meet the demands of the international and the way of doing business in Europe, but retains much of its older, more comfortable traditions as well. Spain is relatively consistent in its population ethnicity, unlike Germany in which one must bear a German family name to be a citizen. Spain’s ethnicity varies in itself because the different regions within the country. The influence of the Moors from centuries ago still plays a part in the architecture and beliefs of some people. Spain embraces its art and architecture that consists of aqueducts, castles, historic churches, and housing. The largest cities, such as Barcelona, still maintain buildings that are both traditional in style and features. The cities also maintain their small and narrow streets. Various Elements of the Spanish Culture Spain has a rich linguistic heritage. Spain has four official...
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...PHILIPPINE FOLKLORE: ENGKANTO BELIEFS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: Philippine mythology is derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines. Each unique ethnic group has its own stories and myths to tell. While the oral and thus changeable aspect of folk literature is an important defining characteristic, much of this oral tradition had been written into a print format. University of the Philippines professor, Damiana Eugenio, classified Philippines Folk Literature into three major groups: folk narratives, folk speech, and folk songs. Folk narratives can either be in prose: the myth, the alamat (legend), and the kuwentong bayan (folktale), or in verse, as in the case of the folk epic. Folk speech includes the bugtong (riddle) and the salawikain (proverbs). Folk songs that can be sub-classified into those that tell a story (folk ballads) are a relative rarity in Philippine folk literature.[1] Before the coming of Christianity, the people of these lands had some kind of religion. For no people however primitive is ever devoid of religion. This religion might have been animism. Like any other religion, this one was a complex of religious phenomena. It consisted of myths, legends, rituals and sacrifices, beliefs in the high gods as well as low; noble concepts and practices as well as degenerate ones; worship and...
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...the 1500s, it began to decline in the 1600s despite the Spanish clergy’s attempts to use it for evangelization. Filipinos continued to sign their names with baybayin letters throughout the 17th, and even into the 18th century, though most of the documents were written in Spanish. Gaspar de San Agustín still found the baybayin useful in 1703. In his Compendio de la lengua Tagala he wrote, “It helps to know the Tagalog characters in distinguishing accents.” And he mentioned that the baybayin was still being used to write poetry in Batangas at that time. But in 1745 Sebastián Totanes claimed in his Arte de la lengua Tagala that, Rare is the indio who still knows how to read [the baybayin letters], much less write them. All of them read and write our Castilian letters now. However, Totanes held a rather low opinion of Philippine culture and other writers of the period gave a more balanced view. Thomas Ortiz felt it was still necessary to describe the Tagalog characters in his Arte y Reglas de la lengua Tagala of 1729 and as late as 1792 a pact between Christians and Mangyans on the island of Mindoro was signed with baybayin letters, which is not surprising because the Mangyans never stopped using their script. Many people today, both ordinary Filipinos and some historians not acquainted with the Philippines, are surprised when they learn that the ancient Filipinos actually had a writing system of their own. The complete absence of truly pre-Hispanic specimens of the baybayin...
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...(Bilingual Approach in Education) Reporter : ARVELLA MEDINA-ALBAY, Ph.D Psych Professor : DR. MARY ANN VILLENA INTRODUCTION BILINGUAL EDUCATION involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model. ➢ “Bilingual Education Policy (BEP) in the Philippines is defined operationally as the separate use of Filipino and English as the media of instruction in specific subject areas.” As embodied in the DECS Order, Filipino shall be used as medium of instruction in social studies/social sciences, music, arts, physical education, home economics, practical arts and character education. English, on the other hand is allocated to science, mathematics, and technology subjects. ➢ From the above description, it is quite evident that there is confusion for some educators who defined BEP as the actual use of both languages (English and Filipino) inside the classroom. As stated above, BEP clearly states the scope and limitations of English and Filipino use. History of Bilingual Education in the Philippines ➢ The language of instruction in the Philippines has been strongly influenced by its colonial past. Some effort was made during the...
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...Folk Beliefs: Its effect on adolescents Adsuara, Abigail Q. De La Salle University-Dasmarinas Abstract This paper shows the effects of folk beliefs to Filipino adolescents of the 21st century. The goal of the paper is to know the adolescents’ views and opinions about folk beliefs. The goal has been done by analyzing the information given by a certain number of respondents through an interview and online survey. Upon analyzing the information, the researcher concluded that most Filipino adolescents do not believe on folk beliefs but they have high respect on it because it is part of the Filipino culture. The paper highlights how folk beliefs can limit an adolescent’s view of reality to show the effects of it to human. Introduction Science and technology had already conquered this generation. Since the American liberation had conquered the Philippines many years ago, the Filipinos had started to drag themselves to a change that everyone thought will effaced the old traditions and customs. The Filipinos thought that the older generation’s ways can be absorbed by the technology that surrounds them. Tradition was being passed from one generation to the next. They practice it and unknowingly, they believe on it. Some of them are not aware that his nature was built around this tradition. Among the traditions of the Filipinos is the set of unwritten laws that their ancestors introduced thousands of years ago. Folk beliefs or superstitions are common notion or beliefs that...
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... Introduction 4 Point of View 5 Evidences and Proofs 9 Conclusion 12 Works Cited 13 OVERVIEW Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities. Some Filipinos, even though heavily westernized and Christianized, still believe in such entities. The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in the provinces. The country has many islands and is inhabited by different ethnic groups, Philippine mythology and superstitions are very diverse. However, certain similarities exist among these groups, such as the belief in Heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan), Hell (impiyerno, kasamaan), and the human soul (kaluluwa). Filipinos also believed in mythological creatures. The Aswang is one the most famous of these Philippine mythological creatures. The aswang is a ghoul or vampire, an eater of the dead, and the werewolf. There is also the (Agta) a black tree spirit or man. Filipinos also believed in the Dila (The Tongue), a spirit that passes through the bamboo flooring of provincial houses, then licks certain humans to death. Filipino mythology also have fairies (Diwata and Engkanto), dwarfs (Duwende), Kapre (a tree-residing giant), Manananggal (a self-segmenter), witches (Mangkukulam), spirit-summoners (Mambabarang), goblins (Nuno sa Punso), ghosts (Multo), fireballs...
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...Set of Reflections on Filipino Culture, Nationalism, Economic Development, and Philippine Politics and Democracy By: Virgilio Angelo G. Gener A Review and an Overview – the Introduction As I begin to think on what I will write on my reflections on the significant lessons and insights that I have distilled in my readings for the past two months, I remember that American journalist and essayist Henry Louis “H.L.” Mencken once opined that: “A Historian by his nature, is an unsuccessful novelist.” If there is a commonality that I have noticed in the methodology of writing of the scholarly articles that I have read, it is the fact that majority of them was written in a narrative and historical standpoint. Thus, when I was brainstorming prior to the completion and formal writing of this essay, I deemed it necessary that the methodology or mode of presentation of my reflective essay should complement the style of writing the journal articles were presented. This was one of the things that I had in mind and served as my setback in finally commencing the writing of my reflective essay. The past two months of attending classes and racing through the pages of the assigned readings were, in my own personal opinion, a review of history as well as an overview of the opinions of scholars on certain social aspects, whether they be on the past, present, or the uncertain future of the Philippines. It is a review, since most of the readings discussed matters and happenings that were...
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...Filipino Honesty: Are You Still There? BALONDO, MICAELA M. CARIÑO, CLAUDETTE LOUISE V. CRUZ, RIZALINA J. REANDINO, ARGEL D. ROSALES, MA. KATRINA C. Submitted to Ms. Eleanor Sibal Professor in Society and Culture with Family Planning In partial requirements for the degree of BACHELOR IN SCIENCE IN PSYCHOLOGY March 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction A. Background of the study………………………………………………………………………………………………….. B. Purpose of the study……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. C. Significance of the study………………………………………………………………………………………………….. D. Scope and Limitation…..………………………………………………………………………………………………….. II. Review of related Literature……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. III. Methodology……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. IV. Results and Discussions A. Description of the subject……………………………………………………………………………………………….. V. Conclusions and Recommendations…………………………………………………………………………………………… Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. CHAPTER I Introduction This dissertation aims to document the prevalence or presence of honesty among Filipino, which will be represented by the PLM community. Background As defined, honesty refers to a facet of moral character and connotes positive and virtuous attributes such as integrity, truthfulness, and straightforwardness, including straightforwardness of conduct, along with...
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...band of Spanish soldiers heroically defended Baler (which would later be the capital of Aurora in 1951) against Filipino forces for337 long and grueling days. IV. CHARACTER Celso Ressurecion – half-indio and half-spanish youth from Pampanga Feliza Reyes – daughter of a Filipino insurgent general Nanding Reyes – Feliza’s father and head of the nationalist rebel group in Baler Azon Reyes – Feliza’s mother Gabriel Reyes – Feliza’s younger brother 2nd Lt. Saturnino Martin Cerezo Capt. Enrique Fossi de las Morenas – replace Lt. Mota as the head of the Spanish in Baler Col. Calixto Villacorte Commandante Teodorico Luna Novicio Fr. Candido Gomez Carreno – parish priest Lt. Jose Mota – head of the Spanish army in Baler Lope – friend of Celso Luming – friend of Feliza V. SUMMARY/PLOT: The story happened during the siege of Baler. A battle between the Filipino forces and Spanish battalion in 1898. A young Filipina, named Feliza who fell inlove with a half Spanish and a half Filipino young man, named Celso who prefer to be a Spanish soldier rather than to be a Filipino katipunero. Feliza and Celso’s love has to be kept as a secret because Feliza is the daughter of Nanding, a rebel...
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...Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English,Tagalog, and/or other native Philippine languages. Contents [hide] * 1 Early works * 2 Classical literature in Spanish (19th Century) * 2.1 Poetry and metrical romances * 2.2 Prose * 2.3 Dramas * 2.4 Religious drama * 2.5 Secular dramas * 3 Modern literature (20th and 21st century) * 4 Notable Philippine literary authors * 5 See also * 6 References * 7 External links | ------------------------------------------------- [edit]Early works Doctrina Christiana, Manila, 1593, is the first book printed in the Philippines. Tomas Pinpin wrote and printed in 1610 Librong Pagaaralan nang mga Tagalog nang Uicang Castilla, 119 pages designed to help fellow Filipinos to learn the Spanish language in a simple way. He is also credited with the first news publication made in the Philippines, "Successos Felices", ------------------------------------------------- [edit]Classical literature in Spanish (19th Century) On December 1, 1846, La Esperanza, the first daily newspaper, was published in the country. Other early newspapers were La Estrella (1847), Diario de Manila (1848) and Boletin Oficial de Filipinas (1852). The first provincial newspaper was El Eco de Vigan (1884), which was issued in Ilocos. In Cebu City "El Boletín de Cebú" (The Bulletin of Cebu), was published in 1890. On 1863, the Spanish government introduced a system of free public education that had an important effect on the ability of the...
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