...3 Question 1 3-7 4 Question 2 8 5 Question 3 9 6 Question 4 10-11 7 References 12 Database Question 1: Data Model/Database Model Flat file Flat file data model is model where data was store as a plain text file in a single table. Each line of the table hold each record with field and it is separated by commas or tabs. It cannot contain multiple tables like relational database. All the data stored by flat file, a computer file system will be store in a single...
Words: 2185 - Pages: 9
...International Journal of Hospitality Management 29 (2010) 405–412 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Hospitality Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijhosman The effect of relational benefits on perceived value in relation to customer loyalty: An empirical study in the Australian coffee outlets industry Po-Tsang Chen *, Hsin-Hui Hu Ming Chuan University, Hospitality Management, 5 De-Ming Rd., Gui-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Keywords: Relational benefits Perceived value Customer loyalty Coffee outlets Retaining and cultivating customer loyalty has become increasingly important for coffee outlet marketers and operators due to the highly competitive environment. This study aims to develop and test a model investigating how relational benefits enhance perceived value to win customer loyalty. Using a self-administered questionnaire survey, 949 respondents from coffee outlets were used for this study. The findings show that relational benefits have direct effect on perceived value and customer loyalty. In addition, relational benefits also have indirect effect on loyalty via perceived value. Finally, perceived value positively influenced customer loyalty. The findings suggest that coffee outlet operators with a better understanding of their customers’ perceptions, and help them in developing competitive strategies that differentiate themselves from competitors and win customer...
Words: 8035 - Pages: 33
...organization endeavors to improve almost daily. Most important is the data cleaning and data transformation processes. In actual sense, relational database offers a solution to this menace. Data organization, keeping, storage, and retrieval among other essentials can easily be realized by adopting relational data management model. In this kind of model, tables are made use of in such a way that data items are formally described and organized according to their level of relations. The data item contained in a given table represents a relation. I am convinced beyond reasonable doubt that through the use of relational database model, an organization can be able to effectively manage their wide range of information encountered on a daily basis. Relational database model offers a more efficient means of managing data. Some of the huge benefits are discussed as follows. WHY RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL? This model is very unique and provides very sufficient means of data management. Its benefits are manifested in diverse ways which among others are its ability to enable you to store, manage, and retrieve your data in a flexible manner while maintaining vital data veracity. This is just but a tip of the ice berg (R. Snow, 2008). Accessing and transforming data Nowadays, the relational database models available are so powerful that they allow you an access to a query that easily transforms and retrieve data. This is actually a big solution...
Words: 649 - Pages: 3
...Logical Design, Part I Wayne Murphy Strayer University Introduction to Relational Database Management System CIS111019VA016-1132-001 Jean-Robert Bokino January 11, 2013 Logical Design, Part I In this assignment, I will write a two to three page paper titled “Logical Design, Part 1” whereas I am a recently hired consultant for ACME Global Consulting to procure requirements for a large database. In this scenario, “Logical Design, Part 1”, I will develop a database management systems to convince a set of clients of the benefits of using the Entity–Relationship model (E-R) in developing a database. In addition, my management would like the following points addressed in my design: (1). List the advantages of a relational model specific to ACME Global Consulting. (2). Summarize the purpose of an Entity–Relationship Model (E-R) specific to ACME Global Consulting. (3). List and describe essential components of the model such as entities, attributes, keys, relationships, roles, and dependencies specific to ACME Global Consulting. (4). Describe the need for the enhanced E-R model and how we can create sophisticated models to help us in complex environments. (5). Outline and describe the advantage of using the relational model. (6). Create an E-R diagram using graphical depicting software that could theoretically be used in a restaurant application. Now that you know the purpose of this assignment, I will define three key terms that will be discussed in this assignment. The first term...
Words: 1493 - Pages: 6
...? Codd’s Relational Model Databases Database systems store information in every conceivable business environment. From large tracking databases such as airline reservation systems to ATM application, database systems store and distribute the data that we depend on. Relational Database Model So far, the most popular data storage model is the relational database. The relational database model was invented by Dr. Edward E. Codd in 1970 A relational database store data in the form of relations (or Tables) Tables are made up of rows (tuples) and columns (fields). Relational Database Model It is important to understand the relational database model because the today's’ widely used SQL evolved to service this concepts. Dr. Codd defined 13 rules, oddly enough referred to as Codd’s 12 rules, that define the relational model. Codd’s 12 rules 0. A relational DBMS must be able to manage databases entirely through its relational capabilities. 1. The Information Rule : All information in a relational database (including table and column names) is representable explicitly as values in tables. 2 Guaranteed Access : Every value in a relational database is guaranteed to be accessible by using a combination of the table name, primary key value, and column name. 3 Systematic Null Value Support : The DBMS provides systematic support for the treatment of null values (unknown, not available, missing or inapplicable...
Words: 747 - Pages: 3
...J. of the Acad. Mark. Sci. DOI 10.1007/s11747-011-0248-3 Exploring CRM effectiveness: an institutional theory perspective Bas Hillebrand & Jurriaan J. Nijholt & Edwin J. Nijssen Received: 25 June 2010 / Accepted: 28 January 2011 # The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract This study identifies the potential contribution that institutional theory can make to understanding the success of marketing practices. Based on institutional theory, we argue that the effectiveness of marketing practices decreases when firms are motivated to adopt such practices under the influence of institutional pressures originating in firms’ environments. However, alignment between a practice and a firm’s marketing strategy may buffer against these negative effects. We apply these insights to the case of customer relationship management (CRM). CRM is considered an important way to enhance customer loyalty and firm performance, but it has also been criticized for being expensive and for not living up to expectations. Empirical data from 107 organizations confirm that, in general, adopting CRM for mimetic motives is likely to result in fewer customer insights as a result of using this practice. Our study suggests that institutional theory has much to offer to the investigation of the effectiveness of marketing practices. Keywords Customer relationship management . Institutional theory . Mimetic motives . Adoption . Marketing practices B. Hillebrand...
Words: 6186 - Pages: 25
...Abstract Enclosed is a summary of E.F. Codd’s relational model concepts on how to protect a system and its users. An introduction to relational normal forms is explored in addition to its added benefits. Lastly, the summary highlights the importance of redundancies and the pros and cons associated. As data grows within a data bank, it is important to understand how to keep the integrity of the system in place. Codd states the benefits of a relational model is its ability to withstand large amounts of data languages alongside its data independence and the redundancies that can contain data inconsistencies. And, unlike the network or tree-structured models, relational models can avoid the infamous connection traps protecting them and making them resistant to change. Codd indicates the importance of data to be independent highlighting the need for ordering, indexing, and access path dependencies to be removed from the collections of data. For example, ordering dependencies can be difficult if the sequence at which they are entered entails the output, thus making and reposting or reordering difficult to process. Indexing is somewhat considered performance orientated, but can slow down the response times. Lastly, changes to the access path dependencies are difficult to make because if one structure fails the others associated will follow suite. Relations and how they correspond with the data is a large part of what makes the database flow more efficiently. Codd exploits...
Words: 675 - Pages: 3
...data transformation processes. In actual sense, relational database offers a solution to this menace. Data organization, keeping, storage, and retrieval among other essentials can easily be realized by adopting relational data management model. In this kind of model, tables are made use of in such a way that data items are formally described and organized according to their level of relations. The data item contained in a given table represents a relation. I am convinced beyond reasonable doubt that through the use of relational database model, an organization can be able to effectively manage their wide range of information encountered on a daily basis. Relational database model offers a more efficient means of managing data. Some of the huge benefits are discussed as follows. A relational database is a collection of relations or tables. The rows of a table in a relational database are known as tuples and each column of a table is called an attribute. By definition, a relation becomes a set of tuples having the same attributes. Operations, which can be performed on the relations are select, project and join. The join operation combines relations, the select queries are used for data retrieval and the project operation identifies attributes. The information oif the organization can be captured, manipulated, managed, and shared, and the value the database brings to the organization is immense. The advantages of a relational database are that they contribute to sound logical...
Words: 554 - Pages: 3
...Video on Demand (Multimedia databases). - -Video on Demand (Multimedia Databases Introduction Video on Demand (VoD ) is an interactive multimedia system . The fundamental process of its working is same as that of cable television In this , the customer has the option of selecting a movie from a large video database and can watch different programs as and when required . It seems that the video rental shop is present at home . Research is going on to improve the quality of VoD-related services . Some of the VoD-related applications are providing Video Films on Demand , Local news and Weather Forecasting , Games , music and Leisure , Education and Remote Learning Facilities , Home Shopping and Other Consumer Services , Banking etc . This system has three main components . These are Video server : it stores and provides access to programs Data delivery network : it is the linking source for subscriber Set-top box : It is the interface between TV equipments and VoD services MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group ) is a group of people who work for ISO (International Standards Organization ) to generate digital video standards i .e producing sequences of images in time and to generate audio compression . Various kind of MPEG are ranked on the basis of the speed (in CD-ROM data rates ) at which they deliver video to consumer devices . For example , the speed of MPEG-1 was 1 .5 Mbit /s , MPEG-2 with improved resolution deliver broadcast and HDTV quality video . Over...
Words: 1445 - Pages: 6
...that apply to this are having a set of domains and sets that represents data structure, Integrity of rules that ensures data protection and operations that will carry on data. The company needs to have an understanding of data and functional needs of the company. The relational model can be used with both databases and the management systems. The relational model would allow the designer to develop the logical structure and specify what needs to be done and provide options for the design. The advantages of the relational model would be simplicity of the concept, implementation design and Ad hoc capability of query implementations. The purpose of E-R model for the ACME global consulting is to inform clients of a powerful database design that the relational model can show. The E-R model consists of components like entities, attributes and relationships for example. The model helps provide a visual representation of the data needs. The relational model can apply to databases and the management systems. By seeing the visual diagrams Acme global consulting would be able to see clearly and understand the data requirements of the clients. It also could be interactive too. The essential components of the E-R Model are as listed below: Entity- An entity is a given name to a real world concept or item that has physical existence. An entity can represent a person, place event, object or concept. Attributes - The properties that are related...
Words: 641 - Pages: 3
...GaRRiSon, SanGhyun Kim, anD RoBin L. WaKeFieLD Success Factors for Deploying Cloud Computing “a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be quickly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”14 The emergence of cloud computing is transforming the way organizations purchase and manage computing resources,17 providing a fundamentally different IT model in which a cloud provider might be responsible for a range of IT activities, including hardware and software installation, upgrades, maintenance, backup, data storage, and security. The result is that organizations can lower their IT capital expenditures ClOUD COMPUTiNg iS 62 Com muniCatio nS o F th e aCm | S epteM Ber 201 2 | vo L . 5 5 | N o. 9 and operating costs by purchasing ondemand technology resources (such as increased data storage, bandwidth, and processing power) while eliminating the need to maintain outdated equipment. Cloud services also include environments for application development and access to key technologies, software, and skilled IT personnel that might otherwise be too costly and difficult to obtain and maintain (see Figure 1). Along with hardware, software, and technology platforms, cloud computing delivers additional benefits, including reduced IT-related costs and increased business agility.18 With cloud computing, the...
Words: 4590 - Pages: 19
...cr. (4,50 ECTS cr.) Teaching methods (Full-time, daytime studies): Lectures - 16 h per semestre Laboratory works - 32 h per semestre Individual work - 72 h per semester Course aim Understandig of models and system of information resourses. Jelena Mamčenko Introduction to Data Modeling and MSAccess CONTENT 1 Introduction to Data Modeling ............................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Data Modeling Overview ............................................................................................................... 5 1.1.1 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2 Data Modeling In the Context of Database Design................................................................ 6 1.1.3 Components of A Data Model................................................................................................ 6 1.1.4 Why is Data Modeling Important? ......................................................................................... 6 1.1.5 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.2 The Entity-Relationship Model ...................................................................................................... 7 1.2.1 Basic Constructs of E-R Modeling......................................................
Words: 16719 - Pages: 67
...Benefits of a Database and Information-Gathering Techniques CIS111 July 27, 2013 I am being interviewed by ACME Global Consulting services as a potential new employee to its growing work force of world-class systems analysts and requirements engineering group. Through a tip, I found out that they will be asking several questions relating to planning for a new database for one of their national restaurant chains. I found out that one of the executives at the restaurant chain only believes in using Microsoft Excel for running reports. For this assignment I will be focusing on 3 main topics. First, I will describe the benefits of using a database management system and how it supports this restaurant chain. Second, I will propose how I would address the issues with flat file systems, such as Excel and Text files, for storing data. Lastly, I will list and describe three tools, techniques, or methodologies for eliciting and documenting requirements related to the development of a new database. So, as you see, you have your plenty of things to get ready for. A Database Management System (DBMS) is the software system that allows users to define, create and maintain a database and provides controlled access to the data provided by your database administrator(s). DBMS is an intermediate layer between programs and the data. Programs access the DBMS, which then accesses the data. There are different types of DBMS ranging from small systems that run on personal computers, corporation...
Words: 941 - Pages: 4
...Chapter 7 Managing Data Resources True-False Questions | |The benefits of a DBMS are immediately tangible. | | | | | |Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 234 | | |Excellent hardware and software will result in inefficient information systems if file management is poor. | | | | | |Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 234 | | |A record describes an entity. | | | | | |Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 235 | | |In traditional file processing, each functional area, by developing its own specialized applications, contributes to data ...
Words: 4937 - Pages: 20
...Assignment 2: Logical Design, Part 1 Due Week 2 and worth 50 points You have been hired by ACME Global Consulting to procure requirements for a large database. In developing database management systems, E-R models are used to graphically depict complex relationships between entities. In this assignment, you are to convince a set of clients of the benefits of using an E-R model in developing a database. Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you: 1. List the advantages of a relational model specific to ACME Global Consulting. 2. Summarize in your own words the purpose of an E-R model specific to ACME Global Consulting. 3. List and describe essential components of the model such as entities, attributes, keys, relationships, roles, and dependencies specific to ACME Global Consulting. 4. Describe the need for the enhanced E-R model and how we can create sophisticated models to help us in complex environments. 5. Outline and describe the advantage of using the relational model. 6. Create an E-R diagram using graphical depicting software that could theoretically be used in a restaurant application. Note: The graphically depicted solution is not included in the required page length. Acceptable software used to depict the solution includes any drawing tool, such as Microsoft Visio, Microsoft Paint, open source alternatives or similar drawing tools. You are free to formulate constraints, entities, attributes, etc. Potential entities may include but are not limited to customers...
Words: 449 - Pages: 2
