...Introduction The BIOS performs a power-on self-test when the system is turned on. This test is used to ensure that the system is functioning properly and to gather information about what the system contains. When a problem is identified with the system during the POST, the BIOS will normally produce an error message. However, in some cases the problem is detected so early in the test that the BIOS cannot access the video card to print the message. In this case the BIOS will produce a beeping pattern on the speaker to tell you what the problem is. The exact meaning of the beep codes depends on the type and version of BIOS that you have. The most popular types of BIOS are those made by Award American Megatrends (AMI) and Phoenix. AMI 6 Beeps: Keyboard controller / gate A20 failure The keyboard controller is a chip on the motherboard that communicates with your keyboard. It also controls the A20 gate that provides access to the high memory area (HMA). This component is indicating a failure. This is a problem with either the keyboard or the motherboard. Phoenix 1-3-4-1 Test 512 base address lines. Sometimes a memory stick can become loose causing the computer to be unable to read the memory or get errors as it's reading it. Try fixing this issue by opening the computer removing each of the memory sticks you have in the computer and then placing them back into the slots, reset the memory and restart the computer. If this doesn’t work replace the memory. Basic Security Hardware ...
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...the cost of producing a fuel isn’t as cheap as producing oil. One alternative to using oil is using bio-fuel; bio fuel isn’t produced without a cost. Bio-fuel uses food to make fuel and the main problem that has come out of this is the crisis of 2007 and 2008. The crisis caused a rise in the cost of food and distribution and caused many hungry people to be even more deprived from food. Bio-fuels help decrease the amount of carbon in our atmosphere, but do bio-fuel help in other areas beside the environment. Bio-fuels mainly use corn and other agriculture to make ethanol, an alternative to the petroleum-based fuel. What some say is happening is the amount of corn and other agriculture stockpiles are decreasing and causing the price of bio-fuel based agriculture to go up. There have been controversies about the issue with alternative fuels, mainly the big crisis that took place in 2007 and 2008. The price in oil increased and the amount of grain stockpile decreased. The cost of the increase in oil has escalated the cost of food transportation, industrial agriculture, and fertilizers. Some of the root causes may have been the increase of bio-fuels in developing countries and the demand for a variety diet across the expanding middle class of Asia. Factors like these combined with a decrease of food stockpiles all have an effect on the global rise in food costs. The use of bio-fuels increased the amount of the cost for food, instead of using the food for people; they would use...
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...and Logic Understanding The BIOS and POST Student Name Introduction Inside every PC is a BIOS, which stands for Basic Input Output System. In a nutshell, BIOS is software that interacts between a computer’s hardware and the operating system and software applications. There are several types of BIOS', ranging from the motherboard ROM BIOS to adapter BIOS' such as video BIOS, drive controller BIOS, network adapter BIOS, SCSI adapter BIOS, etc... These BIOS' are the lowest level of software in a computer providing a set of small programs or software routines that allow the hardware of a computer to interact with the operating system by a set standard. The Boot Process To get to the operating system, a computer must first boot from the BIOS. The BIOS performs a number of tasks when a computer is started. From initializing the microprocessor to initializing and testing hardware to starting the operating system. Starting a computer is not a simple task. It's a methodical process that is performed every time power is applied to a computer. This process will vary with different computers and different BIOS', but the overall goal is the same. When you first turn on a computer the very first operation performed by the CPU is to read the address space at FFFF:0000h. This address space is only 16 bytes, which is not nearly enough space to house the BIOS found on a motherboard. Instead, this location contains a special instruction...
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...Privacy today is rare commodity—social media sites track what you like and dislike in order to target ads, major online websites which retain sensitive information are prone hacks, and the government monitors virtually everything you do on the internet. If you find any of that to be a bit unsettlingly, like me, then the proposition of tracking college students by means of bio surveillance should raise major red flags. Bio surveillance is nothing new, for the most part we’ve used this type of technology to track people’s heart rate, people’s calorie intakes, and for other fitness/health related functions; usually through an app on your phone. But what does make is unprecedented is using it on college students. Now you might think using bio surveillance...
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...INT 10 - VIDEO - SET VIDEO MODE AH = 00h AL = desired video mode (see #00010) Return: AL = video mode flag (Phoenix, AMI BIOS) Values for video mode: text/ text pixel pixel colors disply scrn system grph resol box resolution pages addr 00h = T 40x25 8x8 320x200 16gray 8 B800 CGA,PCjr,Tandy = T 40x25 8x14 320x350 16gray 8 B800 EGA = T 40x25 8x16 320x400 16 8 B800 MCGA = T 40x25 9x16 360x400 16 8 B800 VGA 01h = T 40x25 8x8 320x200 16 8 B800 CGA,PCjr,Tandy = T 40x25 8x14 320x350 16 8 B800 EGA = T 40x25 8x16 320x400 16 8 B800 MCGA = T 40x25 9x16 360x400 16 8 B800 VGA 02h = T 80x25 8x8 640x200 16gray 4 B800 CGA,PCjr,Tandy = T 80x25 8x14 640x350 16gray 8 B800 EGA = T 80x25 8x16 640x400 16 8 B800 MCGA = T 80x25 9x16 720x400 16 8 B800 VGA 03h = T 80x25 8x8 640x200 16 4 B800 CGA,PCjr,Tandy = T 80x25 8x14 640x350 16/64 8 B800 EGA = T 80x25 8x16 640x400 16 8 B800 MCGA = T 80x25 9x16 720x400 16 8 B800 VGA = T 80x43 8x8 640x350 16 4 B800 EGA,VGA [17] = T 80x50 8x8 640x400 16 4 B800 VGA [17] 04h = G 40x25 8x8 320x200 4 . B800 CGA,PCjr,EGA,MCGA,VGA 05h = G 40x25 8x8 320x200 4gray . B800 CGA,PCjr,EGA = G 40x25 8x8 320x200 4 . B800 MCGA,VGA 06h = G 80x25 8x8 640x200 2 . B800 CGA,PCjr...
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...Ashton Roesbery GS1140M – 03/23/2014 01_A4_Roesbery Introduction Bio-fuel, a wonder that hasn’t fully been discovered, but in 20 years, will definitely be the source of all things we use today. Have you ever wondered what there might be in the future? How things will run? With these current standards, how fast we waste NON-renewable energy sources, without bio-fuel, we would be lost completely (not counting other renewable energy). I bet by now you’re wondering how bio-fuel can be so amazing. Well, I will explain that all right here. 1. Poop, Feces, Ca-Ca (Insert other name here) You must be wondering, “There’s no way he just said that!” I’m here explaining, yes, I am. So I’m pretty sure, you don’t just go about life, thinking, “I wonder what can happen with all the feces I leave behind?” I mean, not many people wonder about what exactly what happens to our remains, but right now, as you’re reading this, there are ways that are being used to turn our leftovers into enough to power the very things we use today. Cars, cell phones, electricity as a whole... Let’s get to the good stuff. Today research is happening to turn our poo into fuel/power! There’s currently a machine that belches and farts, breaking down our waste, to provide energy to power over 6 acres of greenhouse power, currently in effect at a farm owned by Bayview flowers. Annually, they cut their energy bill from 300,000 to 200,000. That’s a lot of money, and mainly, these machines are at big companies, but...
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...PCSX2 1.0.0 Frequently Asked Questions Section I: General questions about the project What is the aim of this project? The aim of this project is to emulate the PlayStation 2, allowing people to play their PS2 games on a pc. This requires having an original PlayStation 2 console (for the BIOS) and of course having the original games as well. Is the project open source? Yes, the project is open source, and it is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3. Can I help the project? Sure you can, please refer to this thread HERE. Is the release package complete? Can I play out of the box? No, the release package is not complete. You need to do at least 2 things before you can play: • • • First, you need to put in your own BIOS. Dump your PlayStation 2 BIOS from your own console. The BIOS dumper is HERE. Second, you need to configure the plugins in the emulator. You can use the official guide found HERE. (Optional) Third, you may need to update your DirectX in order for GSdx to work. GSdx is our suggested graphics plugin. Update DirectX with the web installer HERE. Section II: General questions about the emulator What are the requirements for using this emulator? Minimum • • • • Windows/Linux OS CPU that supports SSE2 (Pentium 4 and up, Athlon64 and up) GPU that supports Pixel Shaders 2.0 512MB RAM Recommended • • • • Windows Vista/7 (both 32bit and 64bit supported) CPU: Core 2 Duo, Core i3/5/7, Phenom II (all at 3.4Ghz+) GPU: 8800GT or...
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...BEFORE YOU USE ANY METHOD LISTED BELOW Basic BIOS password crack - works 9.9 times out of ten This is a password hack but it clears the BIOS such that the next time you start the PC, the CMOS does not ask for any password. Now if you are able to bring the DOS prompt up, then you will be able to change the BIOS setting to the default. To clear the CMOS do the following: Get DOS prompt and type: DEBUG hit enter -o 70 2e hit enter -o 71 ff hit enter -q hit enter exit hit enter Restart the computer. It works on most versions of the AWARD BIOS. Accessing information on the hard disk When you turn on the host machine, enter the CMOS setup menu (usually you have to press F2, or DEL, or CTRL+ALT+S during the boot sequence) and go to STANDARD CMOS SETUP, and set the channel to which you have put the hard disk as TYPE=Auto, MODE=AUTO, then SAVE & EXIT SETUP. Now you have access to the hard disk. Standard BIOS backdoor passwords The first, less invasive, attempt to bypass a BIOS password is to try on of these standard manufacturer's backdoor passwords: AWARD BIOS AWARD SW, AWARD_SW, Award SW, AWARD PW, _award, awkward, J64, j256, j262, j332, j322, 01322222, 589589, 589721, 595595, 598598, HLT, SER, SKY_FOX, aLLy, aLLY, Condo, CONCAT, TTPTHA, aPAf, HLT, KDD, ZBAAACA, ZAAADA, ZJAAADC, djonet, %¯ÂÒÚ¸ ÔpÓ·ÂÎÓ‚%, %‰Â‚ˇÚ¸ ÔpÓ·ÂÎÓ‚% AMI BIOS AMI, A.M.I., AMI SW, AMI_SW, BIOS, PASSWORD, HEWITT RAND, Oder Other passwords you...
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...Brazil is much like the United States, it has a broad and eclectic population that includes many different nationalities from all over the world. After conducting a little research on Brazil, I would consider them to be a very forward and outside the box thinking country. Much of their exports are derived from services which ranks #1 at 66% of their total GDP. Most of these services include mail, banking, telecommunications, energy, commerce and computing. In 2011 Brazil boasted a positive trade balance of $20 billion, nothing to scoff at in today's economy. Agriculture has boosted some of Brazil's economy, although the total agriculture exportation is not very high at 6% of the total GDP, the expansion of their agricultural boom has negated the need for vast imports of most of their agricultural needs. This has showed a significant reduction in their total imports of food, from 22% in 1970 to a paltry 8% today. Brazil began blazing a trail of economic prosperity way back in 1985, when the country was delivered from a dictatorship governed by the military, to a democracy. The past 15 years Brazil has been consistently electing presidents into office that cared deeply about moving their country ahead and brand it as a serious contender in the world economy. The most current president, Dilma Vana Rousseff a female, made a landslide election with over 60% of the popular vote. She is a staunch supporter of a world economy, and is a powerful leader for Brazil. What I found...
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...them bio-fuels. With bio-fuels people can power cars, power factories, power houses, and power many other structures around the world. But lately these biofuels are becoming harder to come by, and they cost more than anticipated. Scientists have done several studies on why this is happening, but the answer in very clear. Although we have millions of resources on Earth we have managed to decrease those resources by more than half, and it is not all because of global warming. It is really because we have over used them as a people. Firstly, global warming should not have the full blame for the depletion of bio-fuels. Global warming is the worlds’ temperature increase, which has been found to be predominantly caused by humans as well. The “Green House Gases” aka carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are created from our cars, industrial buildings, houses, etc. In a movie called An Inconvenient Truth the issue was that people are emitting so much carbon dioxide that for the first time, carbon dioxide levels has risen over 300 parts per million. This comes from billions of cars running cars being driven across the world and the millions of major factories being ran across the world the world which all emits greenhouse gases. There is a circle which seems to be getting smaller and smaller because it is ironically coming to an end. For example, the cars that are fueled with bio-fuels still emit greenhouse gases. So while people fuel their cars, houses, and offices, with bio-fuels...
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... However, even if you have 4GB of physical RAM installed you won't be able to use all of it for your applications. A portion of the upper 3GB address is being occupied by your system devices like your graphics card, BIOS, PCI, etc. That's why on some systems, you will see only 3.27GB of available RAM. This usually varies depending on the hardware. Take a look at the crude illustration below. In normal mode, the 32-bit OS can address this much: +---------------+ 4GB | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +---------------+ 0 Now if you put in your stuff and your RAM, say 2GB, in this address space: +---------------+ 4GB | BIOS, PCI | | GFX, ETC... | | | | | |---------------+ 3 GB | | | | | EMPTY | | | |---------------+ 2 GB | | | RAM | | | | | +---------------+ 0 If you put another 1GB RAM in there for a total of 3GB it will still be fine because you still have 1GB of EMPTY space. But if you put another gig (so you now have a total of 4), then you have an overlap. Part of the last GB will be hidden behind BIOS, PCI, GFX, etc. so Windows cannot give it an address, and it will be "lost". Memory remapping can solve it by moving the last gig above PCI, GFX, BIOS, etc. but then you'll need an OS that can go beyond 4GB, which a 32-bit OS cannot do, and that's where the 64-bit OS...
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...First the plant removes the grit, it passes through filter screens. They remove solids that are at the bottom by adding a mixed liquor with the nitrification process. Blowers are used to add oxygen to the water. 2. What training do the operators and workers have? - Water Treatment Specialist Certificate Program - Wastewater Treatment Specialist Certificate Program 3. They monitor the amount of sediment in the tank, the growth of microorganisms; they monitor the amount of nitrogen. 4. They pump it to the sludge degritting and grinding facilities. 5. Used to improve the soil for crops and fuel. 6. Yes the plant receives storm water and this is a part of a combined sewer overflow system. A CSO system is designed to collect rainwater and other sewage from other areas. 7. Disposing of toxic sludge and other harmful chemical that are placed into the water and then placed back out into the environment. 8. Yes the water is treated before placed back out into the environment; this is discharged into many filters and disinfection tanks before this goes back out in the water natural environment. 9. Into the Potomac river 10. EPA and region 3 office non domestic waste water discharge for the District of Columbia and combined sewer systems. They limit the levels of containments that are in the water like uranium, radium and alpha particles just to start. 11. 2 million Washington metro customers, places that are connected to this industry are: ...
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...that they should work slowly and gradually. He urged the southern to provide the African Americans a part in the economy. He emphasizes the African Americans to acquire education in technical and professional subjects so that they can help themselves and the country. McNeal Turner was of the point of view that African Americans have no future of attaining equal rights in the country therefore they should establish their own society. He focused on the difference of color to make his point valid. Bois stated that African Americans should attain proper education. They should push for the attainment of the political, social, economic equality. He desires equality for them. Integration is the key to success instead of separation, was the bios idea of attaining equal rights. Watkins Harper, presented a slightly different idea on the situation. She argued that mothers are the basic and most important part of a society. They should preach self-advancement to their children so that they can become equal in the country. (Wheeler n.d.) Perspectives, Assumptions, and Biases Keeping in mind the views of all the above six mention sources and thoroughly analyzing their arguments, all of them have their own weaknesses and their strengths. Taking in account wells, the basic strength of her arguments is the belief of her in the power of African American. She believed that together African Americans can turn the economy upside down and therefore they have the chance to gain their...
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...Chapter 1 First Look at Computer Parts and Tools Reviewing the Basics 1. Which is faster, a Hi-Speed USB port or a SuperSpeed USB port? SuperSpeed USB is faster than Hi-Speed USB 2. What type of output does a S/PDIF port provide? High quality sound to an audio system 3. List five types of video ports. VGA, S-Video, DVI, HDMI, DisplayPort video ports 4. What is the purpose of an expansion slot on a motherboard? An expansion slot on a motherboard is used for an expansion card, which provides a port or other function that is not provided by the motherboard. 5. What should be the setting for a dual-voltage selector switch on a power supply when using the computer in the United States? Set the switch to 115 volts 6. What unit of measure is used to describe the amount of work a surge suppressor can do before it stops protecting the circuit from an electrical surge? Joule 1 7. Hot wires in home wiring are normally colored ____ and ground wires in computers are normally colored _____. Black, black 8. What is the difference between a transformer and a rectifier? Which are found in a PC power supply? A rectifier is a device that converts alternating current to direct current. A transformer is a device that changes the ratio of current to voltage. A computer power supply functions as both. 9. What device can you use to make sure a computer is protected against power surges? A surge suppressor 10. A power supply receives 120 volts of ___ power from a wall outlet and converts it to...
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...right to “take life or let live” basically a method of subtraction where he or she could take things. This society was one of blood due to its’ value of bloodlines, and the issues that caused swift deaths of many. Blood was the instrument of power deployment for the sovereign-juridical system. Today, society has moved away from this old power system and appointed a new one in conjunction with it. That new power system is bio-power, which “foster[s] life or disallow[s] it.” Foucault says within this system political, power is concerned with “the task of administering life” rather than the taking of it. This power is exercised through understanding the body and regulatory controls over life , which include sex. One of the ways this is done is through the deployment of sexuality, which helped control the body and populations. Some examples of this control that can be observed in society are birth control, public health, or architecture. If sex can be controlled, bio-power can control people and their reproduction through it. Therefore, sex an instrument of bio-power just as blood was an instrument of sovereign-juridical...
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