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Biography of Frederick Winslow Taylor

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Taylor, Frederick Winslow who was known as father of scientific of management, engineer and inventor was born in Germantown, Philadelphia on March 20, 1856, whose mother was an ardent abolitionist and father was a lawyer. After schooling in France and Germany for two years, he entered Philips Exeter Academy to prepare for the Harvard Law School. However, due to his eyesight-impaired, he had to abandon further study. Between 1874 and 1878, he worked in the Enterprise Hydraulic, a pump manufacturing as a pattern-maker and machinist. Thereupon, he joined the Midvale Steel Company as a laborer. In 1883, Taylor obtained degree of ME from Stevens Institute of Technology. By 1884, he succeeded to be a chief engineer and married Louise M. Spooner of Philadelphia. After 3 years working (1890-1893), he started a consulting practice. Five years later(1898), he joined Bethlehem Steel and rewarded a personal gold medal at the Paris exposition in 1900 for his process of treating high speed tool steels and the Elliott Cresson gold medal by the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. After years of observation, he published the book “A Piece Rate System” in 1895, “Shop Management” in 1903, “On the art of Cutting Metals” in 1906 and “The principles of Scientific Management” in 1911. On March 21, 1915 he died in Philadelphia of pneumonia. In addition, he received about one hundred patents for various inventions during his life time (Taylor 2003).

When Taylor became a laborer in Midvale, he realized that the differential piece work incentives system in Midvale was ineffective. However, when he became gang boss in Midvale, he learned otherwise. He approximated that worker output was only one third of their maximum potential output (Kanigel 1996). Afterward, due to these inefficient and unethical social behaviors, Taylor recognized that the workers can be divided into two types:

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