...Assessment 1- Reducing Risk, Company: R.M Williams Functional RM Williams clothes and boots are steeped in history and the company has been trading since 1932 and has coined itself as “The Bush Outfitter”. Their functionality has always been core to their business. RM Williams is unique as they manufacture, distribute and retail their products and brand. They have been Australian designed and made, with high quality materials and great cuts. At the launch of Regional Express Airlines (or REX as it is known), the staff, Pilots, and flight attendants all wore RM Williams clothing and footwear. This moved RM Williams from just country clothing consumed by country people to clothing consumed by business people, and a business. Not only was the airlines bringing country people to the cities, it was bringing their fashion too. Perhaps RM Williams was expanding their target market from predominantly rural and country people to city people, and further segmentation to the urban young professional. The target market shift may have been due to economic forces – RM Williams looking for more stability from a city market, not just from people from the land, who had good seasons and bad. What was once a utilitarian need being met, may now be a hedonic need being met – or both. Physical The distribution of RM Williams clothing and boots has also changed with the times. From its humble beginnings of a mail order business, to only in a limited amount of stores and presence in Myers...
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...Bioloical and psychology essay psy 340 wk 1 individual assignment Biopsychological Essay Biological psychology is combining psychology with biology and studying what kind of impact biology plays in our behavior. In other words, how does the physical brain affect our psychological behavior? It is a biological approach to the study of psychology. This has also been referred to as psychobiology, behavioral biology, or behavioral neuroscience Biopsychology did not develop into a discipline o f its own until the 20th century. While the exact date s not clear, in 1949 the publication of “The Organization of Behavior” by D.O. Hebb. This publication was significant in its emergence in bringing biopsychology to the forefront of study. In this book Hebb's theory was about the complex psychology such as perceptions, emotions, thoughts, and memories might have a strong influence from actual brain activity. Hebb based his theories on experiments of humans and laboratory animals, clinical case studies, logical arguments, and his own observations of daily life. To go back even further, we can look at Aristotle, or Plato. While it may not have been considered as a study of it’s own, we should not forget their early contributions. It is the very beginning of taking a look at the brain as the key to all thoughts, behaviors, and philosophical thoughts. Aristotle looked at the brain in ways that were not yet considered. Opening a new world of psychology or at least...
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...Gender Identity Paper Rechelle Stevenson PSY/340 Annie Powers 4-27-2014 In the research paper the reader will learn the meaning of gender identity and how hormones and behavior interact with each other. Also how hormones and behavior affect the determination of gender identity. Included will be the roles of biological factors. This paper will determine which has greater influence on gender identity nature or nurture. Gender identity is the acceptance of ones membership into a certain group of people. How an individual perceives themselves male or female is considered gender identity. Hormones play a major role in a person’s life; it affects their sex in two ways. Hormones affect the development from the time a person is conceived until they have grown into sexual maturity. Sexual maturity of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits determine a person as a male or female by activating the reproduction related behavior of sexual mature adults. Endocrine glands main function is to release hormones (University of Phoenix, 2009). A biological factor has a big part in shaping physical development. Males and females are born with distinctive sexual organs, these differences emerge around puberty. Hormones are responsible for the appearance of these physical differences. Too much androgen plays a major part in a male or female. Boys that have an excess amount of androgens tend to be fine and behave normally. Girls on the other hand are a different story; they tend...
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...Brain Structures and Functions Worksheet PSY/340 Version 3 University of Phoenix Material Brain Structures and Functions Worksheet Provide a brief description (25 to 75-words) for each of the following functions. Include a brief summary of each function in your descriptions. 1. Basal ganglia - The Basal ganglia is located within the cerebral hemispheres which is located in the cerebral hemispheres. The Basal ganglia controls cognition, movement coordination and voluntary movement. 2. Corpus callosum - The Corpus collosum is a thick band of nerve fibers. The fibers divide the cerebrum into right and left hemispheres and it also connects allowing both hemispheres to communicate. The functions of the corpus collosum are; eye movement, the balance and arousal of attention and tactile localization. 3. Temporal lobe - The temporal lobe is one of the four main lobes of the cerebral cortex. The functions of the temporal lobe are; auditory perception, memory, speech and emotional responses. 4. Occipital lobe - The occipital lobe is another one of the four main lobes of the cerebral cortex. The functions of the occipital lobe are; visual perception and color recognition. 5. Frontal lobe - The frontal lobe is one of the four lobes of the cerebral cortex as well and its functions are; problem solving, decision making and planning. 6. Cerebrum - The cerebrum is the biggest part of the brain and also the most developed part of the brain. The functions of the cerebrum...
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...Dameka Towner PSYC 340 07/29/13 The effects of Hormones and behavior on gender identity Gender development begins when a baby is conceived, which why most women want to know the sex of their child as soon as possible. Boys and girl are treated different from the day they are born, causing the environment- nurture to affect gender development. Although nurture has a major influence on gender development, biological factors-nature also play a major part in the effects of gender development. In this paper the discussion that will address is the interaction between hormones and behavior and how they affect gender identity, also how the argument of how nature and nurture is the main affect gender identity. Biological factors play a huge role in children’s growth development. For example, boys and girls develop with a significantly different sex organs, and they also become more different when the onset of puberty sets in. Puberty is when the chemical messenger called hormones start to help with the formation of appearance from the physical changes occurring inside the body of an adolescent. According to Oswalt & Dombeck (2013), some researchers introduced the thought of same sex hormones that make sex organs differentiation in the uterus, which later triggers puberty. Naturally, human bodies go through the stage of puberty, and hormones have a lot to do with the development of the individual body during the onset of puberty. Hormones are leading players in the body’s...
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...Gender Identity Paper Khadija Kemp Psy/340 November 26, 2012 Instructor: Diane Snyder It appears as if the human body has been created to perform at its fullest potential according to just the right combination of hormones. Hormones are chemicals that are secreted from particular cells that flow into the bloodstream and then transported into a variety of body parts responsible for acting on certain tissues. These hormones affect physical and mental aspects of the human being. (Priya Johnson, 2011) The monthly menstrual cycle is just one of many biological factors that determine how hormones work in women. It is a very common for women to behave in a certain manner during the time of their menstrual cycle. Women are more prone to crave sex and have their sexual desire increase during the time of their menstrual cycle. Mood swings are known to occur frequently and without warning. Studies reveal that as women near their ovulation cycle, they will eat less and have greater sexual desire. They will pay closer attention to the opposite sex, become more flirtatious and even dress in a sexier manner to attract men. All of this happens as a result of the hormonal fluctuations occurring during the menstrual period. (Priya Johnson, 2011) Pregnancy and childbirth are other biological factors associated with hormone and behavior. A woman experiencing pregnancy is vulnerable to a variety of behavioral changes during this time. Pregnant women are known to go from...
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...Gender Identity Psy/340 Gender Identity Introduction The endocrine system is made up of several glands that secrete different hormones. These glands are the: Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Pancreas, and Adrenal Glands as well as the ovaries and testes. All of these glands have a hand in generating hormones responsible for different behaviors either directly or indirectly. “Gender identity is how we feel about and express our gender and gender roles — clothing, behavior, and personal appearance. It is a feeling that we have as early as age two or three” ("Gender And Gender Identity", 2001). While there is much to say about the brain and its relationship to personal gender identity it is also very evident that the interaction between hormones and behavior is a deciding factor as well. Biological Factors & Gender Identity Our personal biology is what we are born with, things that are distinctive to us. Whether someone has red or blonde hair, brown or blue eyes, or light or dark skin is part of their biology. More specifically our sexual organs are perhaps the most distinctive parts of our biology because they set the groundwork for how we will be viewed by society, whether we personally feel that way or not. I say this because our sexual organs will inevitably determine our appearance. Having male organs causes boys/men secrete more androgens or male hormones (testosterone) than girls. Because they secrete a larger amount of these hormones they will...
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...Gender Identity Ryan Boyd PSY/340 February 28, 2013 Felicia Martin Gender Identity Many people are curious to know what controls a human beings sexual orientation. There has been an ongoing debate about nature versus nurture and its connection to human sexual orientation. There are also other influences that have an effect on sexual differentiation and gender identity. This paper will explain the interaction between hormones and behavior, and how these interactions affect the determination of gender identity. The sexual behavior of humans are shaped and influenced by cultural factors that lead human sexuality to be expressed in various ways through many cultures historically. The biological factors in sexual differentiation are very important to the human because it allows a person to grasp and understand the complexities and problems that are involved in human sexual conditions. The premature stages of sexual differentiation after birth are influenced by environmental factors. Once the child advance from childhood and into young adulthood the influences of biological, environmental, and culture has an effect on sexual differentiation. According to Ault and Brzuzy (2009), gender identity is a multifaceted system of ideas surrounding masculinity and femininity, in terms of the roles prescribed to men and women by society, and how they relate to maleness and femaleness in relation to the self. Gender identity is presented through behavioral expressions of masculinity...
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...Brain Function Brain Structures and Functions Work Sheet Christine Bedgood PSY/340 6/3/2013 Jill Bean 1-Basal ganglia- The basal ganglia form a set of interconnected nuclei in the forebrain. The basal ganglia receive a large amount of input from cerebral cortex, and after processing, send it back to cerebral cortex via thalamus. Scientist believe this Basal ganglia is involved with the function of learning. (Pinel, 2009) 2. Corpus collosum- The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebrum into left and right hemispheres. (Pinel, 2009)It connects the left and right sides of the brain allowing for communication between both hemispheres. The corpus callosum transfers motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the brain hemispheres. (Pinel, 2009) The corpus callosum is involved in several functions of the body including: Communication between Brain Hemispheres, Eye Movement, Maintaining the Balance of Arousal and Attention, Tactile Localization. 3. Temporal lobe - The temporal lobes are one of the four main lobes or regions of the cerebral cortex. Structures of the limbic system, including the olfactory cortex, amygdala, and the hippocampus are located within the temporal lobes. (Pinel, 2009) The temporal lobes play an important role in organizing sensory input, auditory perception, language and speech production, as well as memory association and formation....
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...Gender Identity Paper Isihis Herrera PSY/340 February 13, 2012 Kale Kirkland Gender Identity Paper Male and female is a suggestion to a person’s gender. A person’s gender is whether they see themselves as a man or a woman. Gender identity is the way in which an individual self-identifies with a gender type, for example, as being either a man or a woman. For example when a man sees himself as a woman or a woman sees herself as a man. Misconceptions surrounding gender identity often begin with general confabulation of terms used to communicate about the issue ( Dragowski, Del Rio, Sandigorsky, 2011). Many researchers go by the theories that stand along the nature versus nurture field. Many people assume that sexual preference is a matter of choice but it isn’t (Pinel, 2009). Some people discover their sexual preferences; they don’t choose them. Sexual preferences seem to develop very early, and a child’s first indication of the direction of sexual attraction usually does not change as he or she matures (Pinel, 2009). Still many people debate that people sexuality is a choice. Even thought there has been some Gender development is believed to begin at the time of conception and determined by sex chromosomes (Dragowski, del Rio, Sandigorsky ,2011). It is believe that gender development begins at the time of conception and it is determined by sex chromosomes. When the fetuses began to developed, they begin with a set of undifferentiated gonads and two sets of ducts, Mullerian...
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...Hormones, Behavior, and Gender Identity Psy 340 Hormones, Behavior, and Gender Identity Often enough, parents of an unburned child are eagerly excited to find out the sex of the couple’s child to enable planning such as a fitted name, nursery décor, and every extra-curricular and career aspirations. It is from that point forward nature and nurture work together hand in hand to create the child into society’s ideal male or female. Different changes occur, such as biologically, psychologically, and emotionally, depending of the gender of the baby; however, social situations and upbringing will not only be exposed according to the sex, but also the individual child. Certain times, the gender and the sex of an individual do not coordinate with one another. This uncertainty has caused and is currently causing misunderstandings to numerous psychologists, neuroscientists and parents. The origin of the development of gender begins at conception, and the point creates a separation between the male and female gender roles. This paper will discuss interactions between hormones and behaviors, as well as, how the interactions affect the determination of gender identity. Biological psychology takes into consideration the gender from different perspectives of the functions coming from different sexual organs and the underlying physiology (Wickens, 2005). Biological and environmental factor will also be explored, as well as, the influence of nature versus nurture in an individual’s...
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...Gender Identity Paper Ashley Spinner Monday, July 02, 2012 PSY/340 Manon Doll Gender Identity Paper The human body is interconnected to two very different superhighway systems. These systems are the nervous system and the endocrine system. The endocrine system is responsible for secreting chemical messengers called hormones. According to (Myers, 2008, p 45),“hormones are chemical messengers, manufactured by the endocrine glands, which are produced in one tissue and affect another.” Hormones travel through the body in the bloodstream. The human body is comprised of two very important informational highways that influence every bit of aggression, food, and sexual desire that the brain process. The nervous system and the endocrine system are relatives; therefore both systems secrete molecules that activate receptors in a different place. The interaction between hormones and behavior is quite complex. The body reacts to different levels of many hormones that are needed for the daily networking of the body and its functions. The hormones in the endocrine system control many aspects of an individual’s life. Some of those aspects are growth, reproduction, metabolism, moods. The body tries to hold everything in check while maintaining a balancing act among dealing with stress, the human thought pattern, and human actions. These actions take place in the sympathetic nervous system, which controls arousal. This section of the human spinal cord operates in many ways. It dilates the...
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...Gender Identity Tammy Sledge PSY 340 August 15, 2011 Gavin Coriell Gender Identity Every individual’s body produces substances referred to as hormones which act as “chemical messengers” in an effort to regulate particular bodily functions such as metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced by the pancreas, thyroid, pituitary, pineal, and adrenal glands which are also referred to as the endocrine system. Hormones are additionally produced in the ovaries in women and the testes in men. The secretions of particular hormones assist the body in maintaining a state of balance or homeostasis. When one or more hormones within the body are produced in excess, or if there is a lack of a particular hormone, physical and/or emotional problems are likely to develop. The field of biopsychology has allowed researchers to formulate medications which can assist individuals who are experiencing imbalances in neurotransmitters/hormones, to function at “normal” levels. Illnesses and conditions such as depression, schizophrenia and insomnia are caused by these imbalances however; the fluctuations of these chemicals on a daily basis can also cause mood swings, behavioral changes and problems with cognition in individuals who do not suffer from these more serious conditions. Specific patterns of behavior are associated with hormone levels, for instance; men and women have certain levels of both estrogen and testosterone within their bodies. A higher level of testosterone in men creates...
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...Gender Identity Paper Brandie Thurman PSY/340 May 25, 2013 Dr. Stephanie Sencil-White There are many biological, psychological, and sociological factors involved in the formation of gender identity. Gender identity is not completely understood as it is much more complex than the joining of a sperm and an egg. For many people, the terms “gender” and “sex” are interchangeable. Biological sex and gender are different; gender is not inherently connected to one’s physical anatomy as biological sex is. When one thinks’ of the term “gender”, we are referring to the role and personalities one assumes within society, for example in American culture females tend to be perceived as more nurturing and males are aggressive and dominant. Hormones and behavior affect gender identity in significant ways each with a distinct purpose. To understand the difference of biological sex and gender, nature versus nurture, and how the environment has an effect this paper will review and explain the interactions between hormones and behaviors and how those interactions affect the determination of gender identity. Gender development starts at the point one is conceived. Gender identity is defined as an individual’s self conception of being either male or female, as distinguished from actual biological sex (Britannica, 2013). Gender differences exist in nearly every social phenomena and for most persons, gender identity and biological characteristics are the same however there are some circumstances...
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...Genetics, Brain Structure, and Behavior Presentation Janelle Gunnels Psy/340 April 25, 2013 Ioannis Papazafiropoulos Genetics, Brain Structure, and Behavior Presentation Team B presented a presentation explaining the genetics, brain structure, and behavior of individuals suffering Bipolar illness. This paper will evaluate their presentation and explain bipolar illness, explain the neurological damage or changes to the brain as a result of the illness, and also an explanation of the behavioral or functional changes that can occur as a result of the illness. I will touch bases on the following: • A description of the suspected or known causes of the illness • A discussion of current treatments or therapies and future research for the prevention or cure of the illness • The role of genetics on the onset of the illness • The visual appeal of the presentation • The overall organization of the information presented What is Bipolar disorder? Bipolar disorder is a mental illness which is also commonly known as manic-depressive illness. It is a brain disorder which causes abnormal changes in mood, energy and activity. This disorder interferes with one’s ability to handle everyday task. The symptoms and effects are extreme as this is considered a long term illness. Bipolar Disorder normally appears in an individual...
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